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FA Therio > Swine Reproduction Diseases > Flashcards

Swine Reproduction Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

How many estrus cycles should you wait until you breed a gilt?

A

2-3 to increase fertility

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2
Q

When does MRP occur and by what substance?

A

11-12 and by estrogenic compounds

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3
Q

How many embryos do you need for MRP?

A

4, 2 in each horn

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4
Q

When a sow is pregnant, what kind of progesterone is secreted?

A

Exocrine

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5
Q

What type of placentation do sows have?

A

Diffuse Epitheliochorial Microcotyledonary

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6
Q

How should the placentas be expelled?

A

After each piglet

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7
Q

When does mineralization occur for piglets? When does immunocompetence begin?

A

Mineralization 35-42d
Immunocompetence 70-75d

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8
Q

Based on a timeline of embryonic death when does resorption, mummification and stillbirths occur?

A

Resorption: 0-35d
Mummification: 35-114d
Stillbirth: 114 day and up

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9
Q

Is it normal to get one to two mummies per litter?

A

Yes

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10
Q

Comment on the following:
Fetal death < 14 day =
Fetal Death >35d =

A

Fetal death < 14 day = Regular return to estrus
Fetal Death >35d = irregular return to estrus

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11
Q

What is a still birth?

A

Full-term piglet born dead but grossly normal, lungs never inflated

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12
Q

What are some non-infectious causes of infertility?

A

Hydrosalpinx
Cystic ovarian disease

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13
Q

What is the most common cause of infertility in swine?

A

Hydrosalpinx (second to bursitis or peritonitis)

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14
Q

What’s the second most common cause of infertility?

A

Cystic Ovarian Disease

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15
Q

What are signs of Cystic Ovarian Disease?

A

-Multiple cysts, irregular cycle or anestrus
-wont respond to hormonal therapy
-caused by estrus induction agents

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16
Q

What are the main infectious causes of swine abortion?

A

PRRS, Leptospirosis and Secondary to other viruses

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17
Q

What virus causes the SMEDI Syndrome (what does that stand for?)? Females my nest and have mammary development but they fail to farrow due to fetal mummificaiton.

A

Porcine Parvovirus
Stillbirth, Mummification, Embryonic death and infertility

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18
Q

How is porcine parvo transmitted?

A

Oral and venereal
Viremia -> transplacental -> fetal vasculitis and death

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19
Q

How long do porcine parvo gilts typically carry?

A

Longer than 114d (naive gilt)
Sow no signs but smaller litter size and more mummies

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20
Q

How do you diagnose porcine parvovirus?

A

lesions
Vax hisotry
Signs - irregular return to estrus, more mummies
Serology - fluorescent antibody test

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21
Q

How do you prevent and treat porcine parvovirus?

A

Acclimate replacement gilt
regular vaccination
No treatment - supportive care for aborting sow or gilt

22
Q

What disease is a herpes virus that can cause encephalitis, repro failure, reduction in litter size, recrudescence of virus from boar and sow under stress and can be transmitted in semen?

A

Pseudorabies (Aujeskys)

23
Q

What body systems do herpes virus effect?

A

CNS, Repro and Resp

24
Q

How is Pseudorabies spread and what are the signs?

A

Nose to nose, fecal oral, aerosol

Young- CNS
Weaned and older - Resp
Fever, anorexia, weight loss for all
Resorption, abortion and increased mummies and stillbirth

25
Q

How do you diagnose Pseudorabies?

A

Pulmonary edema, meningoencephalitis, virus isolation and serology

26
Q

How do you prevent and treat pseudorabies?

A

Eradication - depopulation, test and remove, segregate
Vaccinate - G1 gene deleted product

27
Q

What has a H1N1 and H3N2 strand, respiratory signs, interspecies transmission, spread by oro-nasal secretion, is very seasonal and not a primary repro pathogen?

A

Swine Influenzas

28
Q

How do you diagnose Swine Influenza? How do you treat it?

A

Cough
Fever
Serology
Treat - antibiotics, vaccinate an outbreak

29
Q

What does PRRS stand for?

A

Porcine Respiratory and Reproductive Syndrome

30
Q

What kind of virus is PRRS and how is it transmitted?

A

Arterivirus
Semen, pig to pig, aerosols

31
Q

What are the two forms of PRRS?

A

Reproductive Failure: premature farrowing, still birth/mummies, weak neonate, increased abortion

Respiratory: post wean - decreased ADG and increase mortality

32
Q

How do you diagnose PRRS?

A

Ha, herd serology, virus isolation (aborted fetus, lungs, tonsils and lymph nodes)

33
Q

How do you prevent and treat PRRS?

A

Symptomatic therapy, isolation, herd stabilization, MLV or killed vaccine, no cross foster

34
Q

What’s another name for classical swine fever? What should you remember about it?

A

Hog Cholera
Reportable

35
Q

How do pigs get hog cholera?

A

Raw garbage or through semen

36
Q

What are signs of Hog Cholera?

A

Anorexia, cyanosis, fever, diarrhe, vomit, aboriton

37
Q

How do pathogenic bacteria get into the repro tract?

A

Introduced breeding or parturition

Septicemia

38
Q

What strands of leptospirosis cause abortion?

A

Zoonotic
L. pomona and L. Bratislava

39
Q

How do they get lepto and what are the signs?

A

Penetrates MM
Carrier
Mummified and macerated fetus
Mild sign except abortion

40
Q

How do you prevent and treat letpo?

A

Vaccination - e 6 month, parvo in pre-breeding vac

Antibiotics - tetracyling in feed - still carrier

41
Q

What is a reportable disease, that causes abortion, still birth, infertility and piglet mortality, orchitis in boar, transmitted through the boar at coitus?

A

Brucella Suis

42
Q

When are sows infected with B. Suis?

A

30-40d and abort 65-80d

43
Q

Prevention and treatment of B. Suis?

A

Report - test and slaughter
Buy replacement from certified free herd

44
Q

What organism do many pigs carry in their tonsils without clinical signs, gain access via feed and water, enter circulation via pharynx and infect blood vessels?

A

Eryipelothrix rhusiopathiae

45
Q

What does the clinical disease look like in Erythrx?

A

Arthritis in little pig, fever and skin, abortion secondary to fever and septicemia

46
Q

What is are 2 protozoa that can cause abortion?

A

Toxoplasma - individual abortion and still birth

Eperythrozoonosis - silent estrus and anestirs, abortion, weak and anemic piglets
-Mite or lice transimission

47
Q

What nutritional factors can effect abortion?

A

Ca/P, iodine, Selenium, Iron, Protein, Energy

48
Q

What effect does Zearalenone have on pigs?

A

Fusarium Roseum, implantation failure, female estrus, mammary development and vaginal discharge, enlarge vulva and rectal prolapse, less testicular development

49
Q

What are some moldy feed tocins?

A

Fumonison
Alflatoxin

50
Q

What level of carbon monoxide is toxic?

A

220ppm - late abortion - cherry red tissue from carbosyhemoglobin

FA Therio (14 decks)

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