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AM > Surgery > Flashcards

Surgery Flashcards

1
Q

Absorbable synthetic suture

A

M P V D m201

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2
Q

White coloured suture?
made up of?

A

Monocryl
polyGYCAPARONE

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3
Q

White coloured suture used for

A

Subcuticular cosmetic Suture

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4
Q

White coloured suture absorbed in How many days

A

120

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5
Q

Suture made of polyDiaxonone

A

P D S

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6
Q

P D S Suture used for

A

whipple’s
PJ

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7
Q

P D S Suture absorbed in how many days

A

180

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8
Q

Violet coloured suture
absorbed in how many days

A

Vicryl
90

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9
Q

Suture made up of polyGALACtin
Color

A

vicryl
Violet/purple

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10
Q

Suture used for CBD ureter Bowel

A

Vicryl

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11
Q

Suture made up of polyGLYCOlic

A

dexon

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12
Q

polyglycolic acid absorbed in how many days

A

90

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13
Q

Absorbable natural suture

A

catgut
Chromic catgut

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14
Q

Catgut suture how many days

A

60

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15
Q

Chromic catgut suture absorbed in how many days

A

90

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16
Q

Suthers absorbed in 90 days

A

Dexon
Vicryl
Chromic catgut

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17
Q

Maximum risk of infection in which suture

A

dexon

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18
Q

suture used for tubectomy

A

Chromic catgut

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19
Q

Preservative for cat gut suture

A

Isopropyl alcohol

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20
Q

non absorbable natural suture
color
for?

A

silk
black
skin/secure drains

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21
Q

non absorbable suture m/o polyamide

A

nylon

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22
Q

non absorbable suture m/o ethilon

A

nylon

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22
Q

non absorbable suture m/o polypropylene

A

prolene

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23
Q

what type of surgery is hernia repair

A

clean

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24
Q

what type of surg is small bowel resection

A

clean contaminated

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25
Q

what type of surgery is cabg

A

clean

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26
Q

what type of surg is laryngectomy

A

clean contaminated

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27
Q

what type of surgery is thyroidectomy

A

clean

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28
Q

what type os surgery is lobectomy

A

clean contaminated

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29
Q

what type of surgery is cholecystectomy with bile spillage

A

contaminated

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30
Q

what type of surgery is abscess management

A

dirty/infected

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31
Q

what type of surgery is an unplanned surgery

A

contaminated

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32
Q

what type of surg is mastectomy

A

clean

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33
Q

risk of ssi in dirty/infected surgery

A

> 20%

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34
Q

risk of ssi In Contaminated surgery

A

10 to 20%

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35
Q

Risk of SSI in clean contaminated surgery

A

2 to 10%

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36
Q

Risk of SSI in clean surgery

A

Less than two percent

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37
Q

What type of surgery is Penetrating injury surgery

A

Dirty infected

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38
Q

Open cardiac massage is what kind of surgery

A

Unplanned contaminated

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39
Q

Lscs is what type of surgery

A

Planned clean contaminated

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40
Q

Hysterectomy is what kind of surgery

A

Plant clean contaminated

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41
Q

T U R P is what kind of surgery

A

Clean contaminated

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42
Q

Emergent Lscs is what kind of surgery

A

Clean contaminated

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43
Q

Knee or hip replacement is what kind of surgery

A

Clean

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44
Q

white T H R is part of what

A

SIRS Systemic inflammation response syndrome

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45
Q

what score in s i r s is bad

A

Two or more

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46
Q

Heart rate in S I R S

A

More than 90

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47
Q

Respiratory rate in S I R S

A

More than 20

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48
Q

PCO 2 in SIRS

A

Less than 32 mmhg

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49
Q

What percent of bands in s i r s

A

10%

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50
Q

Components of SIRS

A

WBC’s more than 12,000 or less than 4000
Temperature core less than 36 degree or more than 38 degree
Heart rate more than 90
Respiratory rate 20 PCo 2 less than 32

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51
Q

Respiratory rate in Q Sofa

A

More than 22

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52
Q

Q Sofa Components are same as

A

Revised trauma score

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53
Q

What score of Q Sofa is bad

A

Two or more

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54
Q

Components of Q Sofa

A

GCS Less than 15
Respiratory rate more than 22
SBP less than 100

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55
Q

Q Sofa is used for

A

Organ dysfunction assessment

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56
Q

Three features of early sepsis

A

1 Shock
2 Warm extremitie
3 Mixed Venus O2 more than 70%

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57
Q

Early Sepsis is also known as

A

Hyperdynamic phase of septic shock

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58
Q

Best clinical indicator for adequacy of resuscitation

A

Urine output

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59
Q

Best indicator to estimate fluid required for resuscitation

A

Jvp central venous pressure

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60
Q

Best lab parameter to monitor tissue perfusion

A

Base deficit
lactate value

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61
Q

Normal urine output in adults

A

More than 0.5ML per kg per hour

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62
Q

Normal urine output in child

A

More than 1ML per kg per hour

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63
Q

Normal urine output in infant

A

More than 2ML per kg per hour

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64
Q

Shock index

A

Heart rate /SBP

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65
Q

modified shock Index

A

Heart rate / MAP

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66
Q

MAP

A

(2dbp+sbp) / 3

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67
Q

Low CO low svr Low JVP seen in

A

Neurogenic shock
Blood pooling due to ablation of total sympathetic flow and tone

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68
Q

Low co high svr high jvp Seen in which shock

A

Cardiogenic and obstructive

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69
Q

low Co high svr low jvp seen in which shock

A

hypovolemic

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70
Q

High Co low svr low jvp

A

distributive

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71
Q

tension pneumothorax and cardiac tamponade Are which type of shock

A

obstructive

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72
Q

Which scar can be rejected or left

A

Hypertrophic scar

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73
Q

Which scar is managed by Intralesional triamcenolone

A

keloid scar

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74
Q

Most common site for keloid scar

A

sternum

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75
Q

Disorganised colleges seen in which scar

A

keloid scar

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76
Q

Wbc more than 12,000 or less than 4000 are seen in

A

S I R S

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77
Q

Needle used in creating pneumoperitonium in surgery

A

Verees needle

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78
Q

Angle of veeres needle

A

45 degree

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79
Q

Amount of Co2 Insufflated for pneumoperitonium in surgeries

A

Less than 2litres

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80
Q

Perotonial stretching in pneumoperitonium known as

A

j reflex

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81
Q

on serosal stretching J reflex leads to what

A

Bradycardia

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82
Q

Which surgical scar Obeys the original incision

A

hypertrophic scar

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83
Q

Which surgical scar grows around the original incision

A

keloid scar

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84
Q

High chance of recurrence in which surgical scar

A

keloid

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85
Q

Is there a Risk of malignancy in Surgical scar

A

no

86
Q

Unstable vitals in pneumothorax

A

Tension Pneumothorax

87
Q

Life threatening chest trauma in airway

A

Airway obstruction
tracheo bronchial tree injury

88
Q

Life threatening chest trauma in breathing

A

Tension pneumothorax
open Pneumothorax
massive hemothorax

89
Q

Life threatening circulatory trauma

A

Cardiac temponade
Traumatic circulatory arrest

90
Q

Raised jvp
Contralateral tracheal shift
Breath sounds decreased
heart sounds normal
hyper resonant on percussion

A

Tension pneumothorax
Obstructive shock

91
Q

Decrease jvp
Contralateral tracheal shift
decreased breath sounds
normal heart sounds
dull on percussion

A

massive hemothorax
Hypervolumenic shock

92
Q

Raised JVP No tracheal Shift Normal breath sounds Muffled heart sounds Normal on percussion

A

cardiac temponade Obstructive shock

93
Q

Management of cardiac temponade

A

USG guided pericardioscentesis

94
Q

Management of massive hemothorax

A

I C D

95
Q

Management of tension pneumothorax

A

Needle Thoracostomy In unstable
ICD in stable

96
Q

which is done first needle thoracostomy or icd

A

needle Thoracostomy

97
Q

which triangle is used for I C D

A

Triangle of safety

98
Q

Borders of triangles of safety In adults

A

Pactorial major
latisimus dorsi
Mid axiliary line

99
Q

Needle used for thoracostomy

A

14 G

100
Q

Insertion of needle Or ICD In adults

A

Mid axiliary line 5th intercostal space

101
Q

Insertion of needle or ICD in child

A

Mid clavicular line in second intercostal space

102
Q

Indication of the Thoracotomy

A

1st hour= >1.5 L
Next 4-5 hours = >200 cc /hour

103
Q

Ellie’s S curve Seen in

A

hemothorax

104
Q

Seashore sign seen in

A

Normal lung U S G

105
Q

Bar code or stratosphere sign seen in

A

usg of pneumothorax

106
Q

USG mode to see pneumothorax Or Lungs

A

M mode

107
Q

how to manage chest Traumalike tension pneumothorax

A

A B C D E

108
Q

ICD is put where in intercostal space

A

Add upper border of lower rib

109
Q

Intercostal bundle runs at which border of ribs

A

Lower border

110
Q

where to look for pneumoperitoneum in Erect x ray

A

Right side diaphragm

111
Q

Most common cause of Perforationperitonitis Or pneumoPeritoneum

A

Anterior dudenal ulcer perforation

112
Q

Posterior dudenel ulcer leads to Complication

A

Bleeding Of gastrodeudenal artery

113
Q

Management of perforation peritonitis

A

Iv fluids then exploratory laparotomy

114
Q

Contrast in C E C T that can be given in perforation peritonitis

A

Iohexol gastrograffin urograffin

115
Q

Surgery in perforation peritonitis

A

Graham’s omental repair

116
Q

Initial investigation versus investigation of choice In pneumoperitonium

A

Chest x ray erect pa
CECT with contrast( iohexol)

117
Q

Which out of iohexol and gastrografin is better

A

Iohexol

118
Q

Valvulae conniventis Seen in

A

short bowel obstruction jejunam

119
Q

Central loop dilated in which bowel obstruction

A

Small bowel

120
Q

stepladder appearance seen in which bowel obstruction

A

small bowel obstructions

121
Q

Most common cause of small vowel obstruction
due to

A

adhesions
due to prior surgery

122
Q

How many centimeters of loop dilated in small bowel obstruction

A

3 centimeter

123
Q

Short bowel obstruction operated when not resolved after

A

24 hour’s

124
Q

haustrations seen in which bowel obstruction

A

Large bowel obstruction

125
Q

peripheral loop dilutation seen in which bowel obstruction

A

Large bowel

126
Q

how many centimeters of lobes dilated in large bowel obstruction

A

6 centimeters

127
Q

Most common cause of large bowel obstruction

A

Malignancy

128
Q

Haustrations not seen in which vaulvulus

A

sigmoid

129
Q

which among hustrations and volvulae conneventis are complete mucosal fold

A

volvulae conneventis

130
Q

hustrations seen in which volunteers

A

Ceacal

131
Q

Haustrations are complete or incomplete mucosal folds

A

incomplete mucosal folds

132
Q

Management of Small bowelobstruction and large bowelobstruction

A

Small bowel conservative
surgery after 24 hours not resolved
large bowel surgery

133
Q

investigation of choice For bowel obstruction

A

C E C T

134
Q

Initial investigations for bowel obstruction When presented with colicky abdominal pain distinction vomiting obstipation

A

Abdominal x-ray supine and erect( now only supine enough )
Chest x-ray erect PA view(To rule out perforation)

135
Q

Management when presented with emergency colickypain abdominal, obstipation,abdominal distinction and vomiting

A

Resuscitation
Ivy fluids + npo + ng tube for decompression

136
Q

how many loops Dilated in sigmoid volvulus

A

2

137
Q

How many loops dilated in caecal volvulas

A

1

138
Q

Coffee Bean sign seen in

A

sigmoid volvulus

139
Q

caecal volvulus Loop diluted is small bowel or large bowel

A

small bowel

140
Q

Hernia mesh is made up of most commonly

A

Prolene

141
Q

prolene used for

A

mesh
rectus sheeth
vessles

142
Q

max tensile strength suture

A

prolene

143
Q

suture used for blood vessles

A

prolene

144
Q

blue colored suture

A

prolene

145
Q

suture used for rectus sheath

A

prolene

146
Q

suture used for plastic surgery

A

novafil

147
Q

suture m/o poly butester

A

novafil

148
Q

suture m/o ethibond

A

polyester

149
Q

suture pattern used for skin /eversion (to Remain everted)

A

horizontal and verticle mattress

150
Q

suther used for nerves

A

Nylon polyamide ethylon

151
Q

Suture used for Tendons

A

Nylon polyamide ethylon

151
Q

Sutures used for cataract micro surgeries

A

Nylon polyamide ethylon

152
Q

Monofilament sutures

A

Monocryl
PDS
Catgut
Nylon
prolene
Novafil

153
Q

Complication with polyfilament suture

A

Increased risk of infection

154
Q

Chronic catgut is used in which tubectomy

A

Modifies erwing’s technique

155
Q

Suture for securing drains

A

silk Non absorbable natural

156
Q

Suture black in colour

A

Silk non absorbable natural

157
Q

knot after suturing is known

A

everdeen’s Knot

158
Q

Knot after every suture known as

A

Simple interrupted suture

159
Q

suture where knot is not seen

A

Subcuticular suture

160
Q

Mattress Suture parallel to wound/ Incision

A

Horizontal mattress

161
Q

Mattress Sutureperpendicular to wound/incision

A

Vertical mattress

162
Q

Margins remain everted in which sutures

A

Mattress sutures

163
Q

Disadvantage of mattress suture

A

Gives Railroad type appearance

164
Q

Suture material used for subcuticular suture

A

Monocryl 3 0 White in colour

165
Q

Purse string suture for

A

Cervical incompetence
herniotomy
Rectal prolapse

166
Q

Treatment of choice for congenital Hydrocele

A

hernioTomy

167
Q

Patent processes vaginalis in what

A

congenital hydrocele

168
Q

Patent Processes vaginalis is closed for treatment of what

A

congenital hydrocele

169
Q

Pushing back of rectal prolapse and closing it is which technique

A

perineal technique

170
Q

Perineal approaches for rectal prolapse

A

TAD
thiersche cerclage
Altmier’s procedure
Delorme procedure

171
Q

Abdominal approaches for rectal prolapse

A

Ripstein RECTOPEXY
Well’s

172
Q

Jenkins rule used for

A

Measuring length of suture material

173
Q

Length of suture material should be what

A

4 times the length of incision or wound

174
Q

Angle of entry of suture

A

90 degree

175
Q

Which injection is 90 degree

A

IM

176
Q

Which needle is inserted at 45 degrees

A

verees needle

177
Q

Which injection is injected at 45 degree

A

SC
Subcutaneous

178
Q

verees Needle injected at which angle

A

45 degree

179
Q

Which injection is inserted at 10-15 degree

A

ID
intradermal

180
Q

Enjoy thermal injections at which degree

A

10-15

181
Q

Subcutaneous injection injected at which degree

A

45 degrees

182
Q

Intramuscular injection is injected at which degree

A

90 degrees

183
Q

Which needle is used To create pneumoperitonium In Laproscopic Surgery

A

verees neddle

184
Q

why bevelled margins in verees needle

A

To avoid injury in bowel
less traumatic

185
Q

Most common gas Used in pneumoperitonium

A

Carbon dioxide CO2

186
Q

Why CO2 most commonly used in pneumoperitonium

A

1 Incombustible( can be used with cautry )
2 soluble in blood(Less chance of air embolism)

187
Q

Side effect of using CO2 in pneumoperitonium?
Avoided in which patient’s?

A

Can cause hypercarbia due to solubility in blood
Avoided in COPD patients

188
Q

gasses that can be used to create pneumoperitoneum

A

CO2
room air
helium N2O

189
Q

Pressure to be created in pneumoperitoneum

A

15 -20 mm hg

190
Q

Volume of gas to be given

A

Less than 2 L

191
Q

Reflects seen in pneumoperitonium?
Due to?

A

J reflex
Due to Stretching off peritoneum

192
Q

j reflex

A

stretching of peritoneum causes Bradycardia

193
Q

Handle for blades known as

A

bard Parker Handle

194
Q

Incision in surgery made in which direction

A

Distant to near

195
Q

Blade number for skin incision

A

10

196
Q

Blade number for muscle incision

A

10

197
Q

Blade number for skin and muscle incision

A

10

198
Q

Blade Number for incision and drainage

A

11

199
Q

Triangle shaped blade number

A

11

200
Q

Blade number for suture removal

A

12

201
Q

curved blade number

A

12

202
Q

sharp small margin for precision in blade number

A

15

203
Q

For minor ot
Sebaceous cyst
plastic surgeries.
sharp small margin for precision in blade number

A

15

204
Q

kNot - where four notes in one line Known as

A

Surgeons knot

205
Q
A
206
Q

Best suture knot

A

Surgeons knot

207
Q

Sutures on same side up or down in which knot

A

Square knot or Reef knot

208
Q

Sutures on opposite side up or down in which knot

A

Granny’s knot

209
Q

Suture not preferred
As it slips

A

Granny’s knot

210
Q
A
211
Q
A

AM (12 decks)

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