Rheumat Flashcards
1
Q
Antibodies corresponding to activity flare in sle
A
AntiC1q anti DS DNA
2
Q
Antibodies for drug induced lupus
A
Anti histone
3
Q
Antibodies for drug induced lupus
A
Anti histone
4
Q
S h i p drugs antihistone related
A
Sulphasalszine
Hydralazine
Isoniazid
Pyrazinamide
5
Q
Most sensitive entry criteria for s l e
A
A n a anti nuclear antibody
6
Q
Most specific antibody in SLE
A
Anti SM
7
Q
Antibodies for CNS lupus
A
Anti neuronal antibody and anti glutamate receptor 2 antibody
8
Q
Antibody in psychiatric manifestation of SLE
A
Anti ribosomal p
9
Q
Antibody in mixed connective tissue disorder overlap disorder
A
Anti U1rnp
10
Q
Antibody for sjogrens
A
Anti ro/ss a
Anti la/ss b
11
Q
Antibody in congenital heart block and in neonatal lupus
A
Anti ro/ss a
12
Q
Antibody in anti synthatase syndrome
A
Anti Jo1
13
Q
Antibody in dermatomyositis
A
Anti M2
14
Q
Antibody in diffuse scleroderma
A
Anti topoisomerase-1
Anti scl-70
15
Q
Anti scl 70 antibody for
A
Diffuse scleroderma
16
Q
Anti topoisomerase 1 antibody for
A
Limited scleroderma / crest
17
Q
Risk of interstitial lung disease in Limited or diffuse
A
Diffusescleroderma
18
Q
Risk of Pulmonary arterial hypertension in Limited or diffuse scleroderma
A
Limited crest
19
Q
Homogenous on fluorescence antibodies
A
Anti dsdna/anti histone
20
Q
Speckled on fluorescence antibodies
A
Anti ro
Anti la
Anti jo 1
Anti u1rnp
21
Q
Antibodies peripheral on fluorescence
A
Antismith
22
Q
Nuclear antibodies on fluorescence
A
Anti topoisomerase/Anti scl 70
23
Q
Anti TPO Anti bodies in
A
Hashimotos thyroiditis decreased object in r a i u
24
Q
LATS in
A
Graves
25
Autoimmune hepatitis antibodies
anti sm/anti lkm
26
Emperipolesis and Interface hepatitis seen in
27
Antibody for primary biliary cirrhosis
AMA
28
History of xanthelesma in young female with pruritus
Primary biliary cirrhosis
29
Osteopenia with fluoride duct lesions seen in
Primary biliary cirrhosis
30
Onion skin fibrosis around bile duct with beading seen in
Primary sclerosing cholangitis
31
p ANCA Seen in
1 Microscopic polyangitis
2 Eosinophilic granulomatous with polyangitis Also known as churg strassdisease
32
cANCA Seen in
Wegner's Granulomatosis also known as granulomatosis with polyangitis
33
Anti sacchromisis cerviceas antibodies(ASCA) Seen in
Crohn's disease
34
Most sensitive factor in rheumatoid arthritis is
RF
35
IgM against Fc of IgG is
RF
36
Full House effect seen in
Lupus nephritis
37
Fullhouse effect in lupus nephritis includes
IgM IgG IgA C3 C1q
38
Most common type of lupus nephritis in sle
Type four
39
face Legion in SLE
Malar rash
40
Malar rash includes or spares nasolabial fold
spares
41
Rosacea Includes or spares nasal labial Fold
Includes
42
Type of skin lesion in sle
Annular discoidlupus
43
Arthropathy in S L E erosive or non erosive
Non erosive
44
What type of arthropathy seen in sle
Jaccoud's Arthropathy
45
jaccoud's arthropathy Deforming or non deforming
Deforming
46
Criteria for SLE known as
new eular/acr
47
Entry criteria for S L E
A NA>1:80
48
Antibodies in immunologic domain of eular criteria
1anticardioloipin
2 anti beta 2 glycoprotien
3 lupus anticoagulant
4 anti dsdna
5 anti sm
6 ANA
49
APLA domain of regular include antibodies
1 anticardiolipin IgG >40
2 anti beta 2 glycoprotien IgG>40
3 lupus anticoagulant
50
How many points to diagnose SLE from new eular criteria
>10
51
Scadding grading system for
Sarcoidosis
52
Garland sign lambda sign 123 sign Seen in
Sarcoidosis
53
What form lambda sin in sarcoidosis
b/l HiLar Lymph nodes and Right paratrocheal lymph node
54
A C E increased in which disease
Sarcoidosis
55
Lofgren's syndrome include
Bilateral hila lymphedenopathy erythema nodosum
Arthritis
56
heerfordt Syndrom Include
Bilateral 7th nerve palsy
Anterior uveitis
Parotid gland hypertrophy
57
Sarcoidosis and uveo parotid involvement
mickulicz Syndrome
58
Bronco alveolar lavag CD4 : CD 8=5:1(>3.5:1)
Sarcoidosis
59
Normal Bronco alveolar lavag CD4:CD8=
2:1
60
kweim's test For
Sarcoidosis
61
ACE raised >3.5 in
Sarcoidosis
62
Calcium increased in sarcoidosis due to
Granulomas increases 1 alpha hydroxylase
Active vit D
63
Antibodies against A C E Seen in
Sarcoidosis
64
Panda sign seen on
Gallium scan
65
Panda sign seen in
sarcoidosis
66
Panda sign same due to involvement of
Paroted glands nasopharyngeal glands
67
Most common ocular manifestation in sarcoidosis
Anterior uveitis
68
Eggshell calcification in lymph nodes seen in
Post radiotherapy lymph nodes Silicosis Sarcoidosis
69
What type of hypersensitivity in sarcoidosis
Type four
70
Crest syndrome include
Calcinosis cutis
Renaud's phenomena
EsophagealDisorders Barrett's GERD
Sclerodactyly
Telengiectasia
71
Flea e bitten kidney Seen in diffuse or limited sleoderma
Diffuse
72
Nail fold capillary scopy Done in
Scleroderma
73
Reynauds phenomena progression
w-b-r
74
Phallenges involvement in scleroderma
acroosteolysis
Dita challenges involvement
75
Schermer's test used in
Dry eye sjogrens
76
Rose Bengal dye used in
Dry eye sjogrens
77
Systemic drugs for increasing secretions in sJogren's
Oralpilocarpine 5mg tds
Cevimeline 30mg tds
78
Which anaemia is part of criteria for diagnosis of S L E
Autoimmune anaemia hemolitic
79
Which class of lupus nephritis gives 10 points in criteria for sle
Class three and four
80
Points in criteria for sle for lupus nephritis class two and five
Eight
81
Diagnosis of sJogren's done by
Biopsy of lips for minor salivary glands showing lymphoplastic infiltration
82
Extra glandular manifestations of sJogren's
Arthritis Reynolds phenomena vasculitis renal tubular acidosis lymphoma
83
What cell lymphoma seen in sjogrins
B cells
84
RTA which type seen in sJogrins
Type one
85
Management of arthritis in sJogrins
HCQ 200-400 mg/d
Methotrexate 0.2-0.3 mg/kg
Prednisolone<10 mg daily
86
Management of lymphoma in sJogrens
CHOP and Rituximab
87
Glandular manifestation of sJogren's
dry eye Parotid enlargement dry mouth
88
Local stimulation of Secretions in sJogrens
camp
Cyclosporin
Castor/olive oil
89
Management of RTA in sjogren's
Bicarbonates
90
Sausage shaped pancreas On CT seen in
IgG4 related disease
91
Lympho sclerosing Infiltrate disorder also known as
IgG4a RD
92
Only reversible type of pancreatitis seen in igG 4a
Auto immune pancreatitis
93
Triad of histopathology in I gG 4a
1 lymphoplasmocytic infiltration
2 Story from Fibrosis Basket Weave appearance
3 Obliterative phlebitis
94
Mayo clinic criteria for
IgG4a rd
95
Mayo clinic criteria includes
History
imaging
serology IgG4 >135
other organ involvement
biliary strictures
Retro peritonal fibrosis
Thyroid
Salivary glands
Orbital
response to steroids within 48 hours
96
Myopathies
1 Polymyalgia rheumatica
2 Inflammatory myopathies
3 Steroid induced myopathy
4 Statin induced myopathy
5 Hypothyroidism
97
Inflammatory myopathies
1 Dermato myositis
2 Polymyositis
3 Immune mediated necrotising myositis
4 Anti synthetase syndrome
5 Inclusion body myositis
98
Myopathies with raised esr
Polymyalgia rheumatica Inflammatory myopathy
99
Myopathy's with raised CK
Inflammatory myopathies
Statin induced myopathy Hypothyroidism
100
Proximal weakness no pain normal esr normal ck history of drug intake
Steroid induced myopathy
101
Morning stiffness raised esr raised crp normal ck Shoulder hip pain
polymyalgia Rheumatica
102
Proximal pain and weakness raised esr raised ck
Inflammatory myopathies
103
Inflammatory myopathy with normal c k
Inclusion body myopathy
104
Pain no weakness raised c K Normal esr
Statin induced myopathy
105
Proximal pain and weakness delayed reflexes
Hypothyroidism
106
CD8 involvement in which inflammatory myositis
Polymyositis and inclusion body Myositis
107
CD4 involvement in which inflammatory myositis
Dermatomyositis and
anti synthetase syndrome
108
Rimmed Vacuoles Seen in which myopathy
Inclusion body myositis type of inflammatory myopathy
109
Endomysial Perivascular involvement in which myocytis
Polymyositis and inclusion body myositis
110
Perimysial and perivascular involvement in which myocytis
Dermatomyositis and anti synthetas esyndrome
111
Perifacicular atrophy
Dermatomyositis type of inflammatory myopathy
112
Heliotrope rash scene in
Dermatomyositis
113
Gottronn papules scene where
Knuckles
114
Gottron papules Scene in which disease
Dermato myositis
115
shawl sign sene wherell sign scene where
V sign on back of neck
Seen in Dermatomyositis
116
Hallmark of juvenile dermatomyocytes
gottron's papules
117
FAIRMM Seen in
Anti synthetase syndrome
118
Features of anti synthetase syndrome are
Fever
arthritis
ILD
Reynolds phenomena
proximal muscle weakness
Mechanical hands
Anti amino acyl TRNA synthesase (anti Jo1antibody)
119
Anti amino acyl t rna synthase is
Seen in
jo1 Anti synthetase syndrome
120
Arthritis aspirates with wbc's 200 to 5000
Osteoarthritis
121
Arthritis aspirants with wbc's 5000 to 50,000
Inflammatory arthritis
122
Turbid arthritis aspirate with wbc's more than 50,000
Septic arthritis
123
Rat bite erosion in first meta tarsophalangeal joint Seen in
Gout
124
Martel's Sign seen in
Gout
125
Martel's sign Shows
Large erosions with overhanging margins
126
Elderly alcoholic male with acute pain and redness in first Meta tarzo phalangel joint
Gout
127
Calcasinosis of meniscus in knee joint known as
Chondro Calcinosis
128
CHondro calcinosis seen In Gout or pseudo gout
Pseudogout
129
Arthritis aspirate showing needle shaped crystals negatively bifringent On polarised microscopy seen in
gout
130
Needle shaped crystals negatively by fringe on polarised microscopy made of
Mono sodium urate
131
Arthritis aspirate with rhombiide shaped crystals Positively bifringent on polarised microscopy seen in
Pseudogout
132
Rhombi shaped crystals positively bifurgent on polarised microscopy made of
Calcium pyrophosphate
133
Acute Gout Management
n s a I D S
Steroids
colchcine
134
Nssids Not given in AcuteGout
Aspirin Decreases uric acid Excretion
paracetamol Very low anti inflammatory effect
135
Allopurinol given in acute or chronic gout
Chronic
136
xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors
Allopurinol and Febuxostat
137
Anti govt drug given in Kala Azhar
Allopurinol
138
Mechanism of action of xanthine oxidase
Inhibit conversion of xanthine to uric acid
139
Mechanism of action of uricase enzyme
Convert uric acid to alantoin Which is soluble and easily excreted
140
Examples of uricase enzyme
Rasburicase
Pegloticase
141
Colchicine arrests Mitosis in which Phase
By what mechanism
Metaphase
Microtubule inhibition
142
Side effect of colchicine
diarrhoea severe
A granular cytosis
143
Drugs facilitating uric acid excretion(4)
probenecid
Sulfinpyrazone
Benxbromarone
Lesinurad
144
Chronic arthritis are divided into
Inflammatory and non inflammatory
145
Inflammatory chronic arthritis are(3)
Rheumatoid arthritis
psoriatic arthropathy
sle
146
Non inflammatory chronic arthritis are(3)
Osteoarthritis
Neuropathic joint Hemolytic arthropathy
147
Pseudo tumour due to collection of blood squared patella intercondyler notch widening seen in
Hemolytic arthropathy
148
Hemolitic arthropathy seen in what patient
x linked recessive boy young
149
Arthritis that looks bad doesn't feel bad history of d M disorganisation density destruction debris distinction scene in
Neuropathic joint also known as charcot joint
150
Charcot joint Most common Joint involved
Mid tarsal joint
151
Heberdans nodules scene where
In
DIP
Osteoarthritis
152
Bouchard's Nodules seen where
In
P I p
Osteoarthritis
153
Most common joint involved in osteoarthritis is
First carpometacarpal
154
Joint space reduction in osteoarthritis seen Most commonly where
Medial compartment
155
Asymmetrical large joints with Jointspace reduction Seen in
Osteoarthritis
156
No erosions but deformity present in joints in which disease
SLE
jacoud's Arthropathy
157
Most common joint involved DIP and PIP with telescoping of digits marginal erosions with whiskering seen in
Psoriatic arthropathy
158
Most common cause of oligo arthritis
Psoriatic arthropathy
159
Most common joint involved metacarpopharyngeal with sparing of dip seen in
Rheumatoid arthritis
160
HLADR 4 associated with
Rheumatoid arthritis
161
Marginal erosion hallmark of
Rheumatoid arthritis
162
Bamboo spine scene in
Ankylosing spondylitis due to fusion of spine
163
Investigation of choice for ankylosing spondylitis is
MRI of SI joint
164
Most sensitive investigation For ankylosing spondylitis
MRI of S I joint
165
HLAB 27 associated with
Ankylosing spondylitis
166
Pain reduces on rest in inflammatory or noninflammatory arthritis
Non inflammatory
167
pain increases on rest in inflammatory or non inflammatory arthritis
Inflammatory increased morning stiffness
168
In ankylosing spondylitis pain increases on rest or on activity
On rest
169
Bilateral heel pain seen in
Ankylosing spondylitis
170
Bilateral heel pain in ankylosing spondylitis due to
Anthecytis Pain where tendon is inserted
171
3 Fusions
tram track Or dagger sign seen in
Ankylosing spondylitis
172
Ossification of anterior longitudinal ligament Known as
seen in
Flowing Ossification Seen in DISH
173
Arthritis associated with infection of champylobacter or klebsiella
G I Or STD infection
Reiter syndrome
174
Arthritis with circinate and keratoderma bleenorhagium
Reiter syndrome
175
Felty syndrome
Neutropenia RA splenomegaly
176
Specific dislocation in rheumatoid arthritis
atlanto axial
177
Most common ocular manifestation in rheumatoid arthritis is
keratoconjunctivitis sicca
Episcleritis
Scleritis complicated as scleromalacia perforance(bluish)
178
PneumocoNeosis With rheumatoid arthritis
Caplan syndrome
179
Management of acute flare of ra
Intra Lesional or intraarticular injection steroids l
180
Chronic R a management
1 dmards(triple therapy)
2 Biologicals
181
triple therapy in R A
Methotrexate Sulfasalazine Hydroxychloroquine
182
not given in pregnant female with R A
Methotrexate
183
Less than 16 year old oligo asymmetrical arthritis with uveitis
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
184
what is stil's disease
Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis With rash hepatosplenomegaly lymphedenopathy and uvitis
185
Are dmards given in ankylosing spondylitis
no
186
Are steroids given in ankylosing spondylitis
no
187
Drugs given in ankylosing spondylitis
Nsaids and biologicals
188
Drugs given in scleroderma
Methotrexate
and microphenolate moffatill
189
Scleroderma renal crisis management
ACE 1 inhibitors
190
Endothelin inhibitors given in
P a h
191
Ambricentan
Endothelin inhibitor
192
Acute management of Gout
nsaid=indomethacin
colchicine(s/e)
steroids
193
tophi/stones/>2 attacks per year
chronic gout
194
allupurinol to be avoided with hla
hla b 5 *801
195
allopurinol to be avoided with drugs=
azathioprine
6 mercaptopurine
196
drug to be avoided with hla b*701
abacavir
197
s/e hcq
irreversible retinal damage
blood dyscracias
198
male infertility/oligospermia by which dmard
sulfasalazine
199
Category X drugs in DMARDS
Methotrexate and leflunomide
200
IGRA TEST is
Quantifier
201
TB screening for which drugs
TNF Alpha inhibitors JAK inhibitors abatacept
Anakinra
1L 6 Inhibitors
202
Citinib drugs are
JAK Inhibitors
203
Co stimulation Inhibitor /CTLA 4 inhibitor is
Abatacept
204
B cell depleter/CD20
rituximab
205
IL 1r Antagonist
anakinra
206
etanercept forms
Fusion protein between TNF Alpha and IgG Fc(ra factor against this)
207
etenercept
Adalimu
Certolizu
Inflixi
Golimu are
TNF Alpha Inhibitors DMARD S
208
tocilizuman
Sarilizumab are
IL6 Inhibitors
209
Hepatitis B reactivation caused by which dmards
rituximab CD20 inhibitor
210
How many classes of lupus nephritis
6
211
Class of minimal Mesengial lupus nephritis
1
212
Class of minimal proliferative lupus nephritis
2
213
Class of focal lupus nephritis
3
214
Class of diffused lupus nephritis
4
215
Class of membranous lupus nephritis
5
216
Glass of advanced sclerosing lupus nephritis or ckd like
6
217
Wire loop lesion scene in which lupus nephritis
4 Defuse Lupus nephritis
218
Renal replacement required in which class of lupus nephritis
6
219
Management of sle Class 3 4 and 5 glupus nephritis
High doseglucocorticoids
Mycophenolate muffetal Or myophytic acid
Cyclophosphamide
Calcineurin inhibitor like tacrolimus then B lympho stimulator inhibitor belimumab
Rituximab
220
High Dose of Prednisolone in sle lupus nephritis
1MG / KG/ day
221
low dose Of glucocorticoid or prednisolone in sle lupus nephritis
0.3 mg/kg/d
222
Full House effect in which class of lupus nephritis
4
223
Sleep Dysfunction with tension headache with fatigue normal esr
Fibromyalgia
224
Anterior trigger points in fibromyalgia
Knee
Lat epicondyl
Low cervical vertebra
Second ribs
225
Posterior trigger points in fibromyalgia
Muscle insertion below back of head Supraspinatus Trapezius Hip
226
Treatment of choice in fibromyalgia
Blood transfusion
227
What type of hypersensitivity are vasculitis
Type four
228
C anca Seen in
Wagner's or gpa
229
Vasculitis with granulomas(4)
Giant cell Arthritis or temporal arteritis
taka Yasu
Wagner's or gpa
EGPA or churg strass
230
p acne Seen in(2)
Microscopic polyangitis
EGPA/css
231
Reno pulmonary syndrome seen in which vasculitis
Microscopic polyangitis
EGPA/css
232
Immune complex in vasculitis seen in(4)
Henok sholien Purpura(hsp)
Sle
Polyarteritis nodosa Associated with Hepatitis B
Cryoglobinemia associated with Hepatitis C
233
Most common vasculitis in adults(2)
Indiopathic cutaneous vasculitis giant cell arteritis/temporal
234
Most common vasculitis in children overall
And in Asia
Henock sholein purpura
Kawasaki (anti endothelial cell antibody)
235
Jaw Claudication Cord like superior temporal artery
Giant cell arteritis
Temporal arteritis
236
Elastic degradation seen in which vasculitis
GCA or temporal
237
Management of gca
Start steroids immediately to avoid anterior ischemic optic neuropathy
238
Gold standard for diagnosis of GCA vasculitis
Biopsy of more than 1CM due to skip lesions
239
Less than 40 year old female with bp difference between upper limb hypertension Vasculitis
taka Yasu Or Aorctic Arch syndrome
240
Most common vessel involved in Takayasu
Left Subclavian artery
241
Modify Sharma classification
Takayasu aortic arch syndrome
242
In Takayasu left subclavian artery narrowing scene on
DSA
243
Less than 35 year old smoker with limb pain
Thrombophlebitis obliterans
244
Arteries affected in thrombophlebitis obliteran
Radial/ tibial
245
Medium Vessel Vasculitis involving arteries vanes and nerves and lymphatics
Thrombophlebitis obliterance
246
What cells are seen in Microapses in biopsy in thrombophlebitis obliterance
Neutrophils
247
Corkscrew collateral scene in dsa
Thrombophlebitis obliterance
248
Fibrinoid necrosis History of hypertension and Hepatitis B infection
Poly arteritisnodusa
249
Pulmonary artery and glomeruli not involved in which vasculitis
PAN
250
URTI /LRTI /kidneys involvement seen in which vasculitis
Wagner's G P A
251
I GA Mediated vasculitis
henock sholein purpura
252
Saddle nose /strawberry gingiva/ Cavitatri lesions on hrct rpgn in kidney in which vasculitis
Wagner's G P A
253
Vasculitis associated with intusueception
HSP
254
Non thrombocytopenic perpura with abdominal pain nephritis leukoclastic vasculitis seen in
H s p
255
Oral genital ulcers
uveitis
patergy test
Seen in
Bechet's disease
256
Antibody against Alpha enolase seen in which vasculitis
bachet's disease
257
becet'sdisease associated with HL a
B51
258
Spikes on Basel Electrical Rhythm Cause
Contraction in G I
259
B E R Basel Electrical Rhythm causes or does not causes contraction
Not causing contraction
260
Pacemaker cells of GI
Interstitial cells of cajal
261
Minimum to maximum contraction rate in GI
Caecum 2 stomach 4 Sigmoid 6 Ilium 8 jejunam 11 Duodenum 12
262
Migratory motor complexes seen in Fed state or hunger
Hunger also known as housekeeping
263
Migratory motor complex caused by hormone
Motilin
264
Motilin secreted by
M0 cells
265
Function of segmentation and peristalsis
Segmentation for mixing terrestrial forward movement
266
Contraction behind peristalsis caused by
Substance P acetylcholine
267
Relaxation in front of bolus is caused by
VIP and NO
268
Sweeping cleaning rate of intestine mmc
5 centimetre per minute
269
Antimicrobial Causing increase in Motilin
macrolides
270
enterogastric reflex is
inhibition of stomach by distenstion of intestine
271
Enterogastric increases
CCK Secretin peptide y
Fat>carb>protein
Acidity
Osmolarity
272
colonic contraction on gastric distension
Gastrocolic reflex seen in babies
273
Most common colon nvolved in gastrocolic reflex is
Sigmoid
274
Relaxation of ileocal valve due to gastric distinction
gastroel reflex
275
G I reflexes seen in babies
gastrocolic and gastro illiel
276
Hormone increasing gastric acid secretion or gastric motility
Gastrin
277
Hormones decreasing gastric acid secretion or gastric motility or gastric emptying(4)
Somatostatin decreasing acid
CCK decreases emptying
secreten decreases acid and emptying
glp decreases acid and emptying
278
Hormone increasing satiety
Glucose dependent insulinotropic peptide glp
279
Hormone increasing hunger appetite
Grhelin
280
Hormone increasing intestinal electrolyte and water secretion and relaxing smooth muscles and Sphincters
VIP Vaso active intestinal polypeptide
281
Hormone increasing pancreatic bicarbonate secretion
secritin
282
Hormone increasing insulin secretion from pancreas
GLP and C C K
283
Hormone increasing board by carbonate and hormones and Enzymes Secretion from pancreas
CCK
284
Hormones increasing bile acid secretions
CCK and Secretin
285
Prader Villa syndrome increases with hormone in G I
ghrelin
286
gastrin secreted by
G cells in stomach and Deodenum
287
SomatoStatin secreted by
D cells Pancreatic islet Cells
288
C C K produced from which cells
Icells in stomach duodenum jejunum
289
Secretin secreted by
S sells In Duodenum
290
G L P secreted by
K cells
Duod jejumun
291
VIP secreted by
Parasympathetic ganglion
292
Grelin secreted by
Stomach
293
Maximum potassium secreted in which
Saliva
294
Maximum concentration of potassium secreted in Which gi fluid
Colon
295
Increasing sodium flow rate in which GI fluid
Saliva
296
Increasing HCL in which G Ifluid
Stomach
297
Maximum bicarbonate secreted in which G I fluid
pancreas
298
Most alkaline secretion in G I
Bruner's gland in Duodenum
299
ACH acting on which receptors to increase acid secretion in stomach
M receptors
300
gastrin acts on which cells to increase hcl secretion
ECL
C C K receptors
301
Vegas now increase gastron roof G cells by acting on
GRP
302
CCK receptors and M1 receptors increase hcl through gs or gq
GQ
303
His stumbling is released in GI by
Ecl cells
304
Histamine to increase HCL secretion acts on H 1 receptors or H2 receptors
H2 receptors
305
h two receptors at via G S or G Q to increase hcl secretion
G S
306
G I activated by somato statin and prostaglandin causes what in stomach on H C L
Inhibition of HCL Secretion by inhibition of proton pump
307
Atropine increases or decreases hcl secretion
Inhibits ACH so decreases
308
What causes milk alkali syndrome
Calcium carbonate
309
Antacid aluminium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide used together
Magnesium hydroxide causes diarrhoea and aluminium hydroxide causes constipation
310
Hit and run mechanism in antacids
Ppi's blog for 24 hours
311
Allergic interstitial nephritis is a side effect of witch antacid
ppi
312
C defficle infection
PPI
313
Increased fracture risk by which antacids
314
B twelve deficiency by which antacids
PPI's
315
UlceroProtective coat are formed by which two drugs
Bismuth
Sucralfate
316
Rustic land in analogue for decreasing hcl production
Nsaids Induced peptic ulcer
317
Triple drug therapy in peptic ulcers
CAP clarithromycinamoxicillin ppi
318
Iron absorption in
duodenum
319
Trefoil peptide secreted by
Mucus cells for stability of bicarbonate
320
Conversion of ferric to Ferrous on Luminal side
Duodenal
cytochrome B
321
Absorption of ferrous by
DMT 1
322
Conversion of ferrous to ferric on Capillary side in intestine bye
hephastin
323
Absorption of ferrous on capillary side by
feroportin 1
324
Ferroportin 1 inhibited by
hepcidin
325
Ferric travels in blood by
transferrin
326
What is affected in anaemia of chronic disease
Increase hepcidin
327
In which form is iron stored in bone marrow and liver
Ferric/ferritin
328
Heptocorrin secreted by
Protects in
digested in
Saliva stomach intestine
329
Intrinsic factor produced in combines in
absorbs in
Stomach
small intestine
ileum
330
Ferrous absorption decreases by what food products
Phytic acid
tannic acid
milk due to competition with calcium
331
Ferrous absorption increases by what food products
HCL Vitamin C amino acids
332
CYP inhibitor antacidcausing gynecomastia
Cemetidine
H2 blocker
333
Famotidine nizatidine
H2 Blockers
334
Drugof choice for peptic Ulcer
P P I
335
What opioid receptor causes Constipation
Mu
336
Racecodotril causes
Inhibition of opioid metabolism by inhibiting enkephalinase
337
enkephalinase inhibitor
rececodotril
338
mu agonist for diarrhoea
Loperamide
339
Bulk forming substance for constipation
Methylcellulose
340
Osmotic substance used for constipation
Lactulose
PEG
341
bisacodyl acts by
bowel movement stimulation
342
senna acts by
Bowel movement stimulation
343
Lubiprostone Acts by Used in
Chloride channel activator
344
Linaclotide Acts by Used in
cGMP agonism Used inConstipation
345
pLecanatide Acts by used in
cGMP agonist Used in constipation
346
prucalopride acts by
Used in
5 HT 4 agonist used in constipation
347
Tenapenor Act by Used in
Sodium hydrogen exchanger Used in constipation
348
For post of ilieus drugs used are
Peripheral opioid inhibitors
avlimopam
Naloxegol
Methylnaltrexone
349
Central opioid inhibitors can block
Respiration
350
Melanosis coli or pigmentation of colon caused by
senna
351
Main receptors in brain stem for vomiting centre are
5HT3/D2
352
Stimulator of 5 HT 3 and D 2
area postrea/ctz
353
5HT3 D2Inhibitors are
Ondensatron Gransatron
354
Drug of choice for Early onset post op post rt post chemo vomiting
Ondensatron Gransatron
355
Ondensatron Gransatron Side effects
Headache QT prolongation constipation
356
Drug of choice for delayed vomiting in cisplatin
NK Substance P inhibitors
Aprepitant
357
Aprepitant is
Substance P NK Inhibitors
358
Drug of choice for morning sickness
doxilamine+B6
359
Drug of choice for mountain sickness
Acedazolamide
360
Drug of choice for sea sickness
Antihistamine meslizine
361
Drug of choice for motion sickness
hyoscine
362
Metoclopramide acts by(2)
D2 Blocker
5HT4 agonist Used in gastroparesis
363
Mechanism of action of Dom Peridon
D2 blocker
364
Does metaclopramide crosses blood brain barrier
yes Extra pyramidal side effects present causes prolactinemia
365
Does domperidone crosses blood brain barrier
No
366
Hyperventilation on altitude causes metabolic alkalosis or metabolic acidosis
Metabolic alkalosis due to washout of CO2
366
Drug of choice for Levodopa induced vomiting
domperidone
367
Saag stands for
Serum ascites albumin gradient
368
S a A G relation to portal hypertension
Directly proportional
369
When S AA G< 1.1g/dl Portal hypertension present or not
no
370
S AA G< 1.1g/dl Frothy urine
Nephrotic syndrome
371
S AA G< 1.1g/dl Fever weight loss
TB Ascetic albumin increased
372
S AA G< 1.1g/dl Elderly weight loss
Malignancy
373
Acute pain S AA G< 1.1g/dl
Pancreatitis
374
S A A G >1.1 g/dl Portal hypertension present or not
Present
375
S A A G >1.1 g/dl
ascetic protein >2.5g/dl(3)
bud chiari Syndrome( I V C blocked)
Constructive pericarditis
restrictive cardiomyopathy
376
S A A G >1.1 g/dl
Asitic protein. <2.5g/dl
cirrhosis
377
Volume of asitis visible on usg
50ML to 100ML on E fast
378
Shifting dullness in ascitis seen In volume
500ML
379
Fluid thrill in asitis seen in volume
1500 ml
380
only usg Detection Mild Ascitis Management
Salt restriction
381
Moderate asitis with usg detection and abdominal Distension management
First line furosemide spironolactone eplerenone
382
Spironolactone side effect
Gynecomastia Refractive
383
Severe acsitis with respiratory distress Management
High volume paracentesis >2.5l
Album and supplementation for 6 to 8 g/L Fluid removed
384
Less than two weeks of diarrhoea is acute or sub acute
Acute diarrhoea
385
Acute diarrhoea less than 6 hours history of Chinese food
B Ceres
386
Acute diarrhoea less than six hours history of dairy product
s aureus
387
diarrhoea more than six hours history of travel
ETEC
388
Rice water diarrhoea more than six hours
Vibrio cholera
389
diarrhoea more than six hours history of shellfish eating
Vibrio parahemolyticus
390
diarrhoea more than six hours history of camping persistent diarrhoea malabsorption
giardia
391
Acute right iliac fosa pain diarrhoea more than six hours
yersinia pesudoappendicitis
392
NTS Pharyngeal stimulation by
9th nurve
393
NTS Stimulation by gastric mucosa by
Tenth n
394
More than six hours of diarrhoea history of antibiotic intake
c.defficle
395
Bloody diarrhoea history of Poultryand egg
Salmonella
396
Bloody diarrhoea history of severe dehydration and febrile seizures
Shigela
397
Bloody diarrhoea associated with GB S Or retire syndrome
campylobacter
398
Hot campfire skirrow's associated with
Campylobacter
399
Bloody diarrhoea associated with anaemia uremia
hemoliticuramic syndrome by EHEC
400
Bloody diarrhoea associated with flask shaped ulcers
Entamoeba Histolytica
401
Bloody diarrhoea with longitudinal ulcers
Typhoid
402
Bloody diarrhoea with transverse ulcers
TB
403
Diagnostic form of giardia
trophozoit
404
Infective form of giardia
Cyst form
405
Chronic diarrhoea more than how many weeks
4weeks
406
Stool osmotic gap Formula
290-2×[stool Na +stool K]
407
If stool osmotic gap more than fifty what type of diarrhoea
Osmotic
408
If stool osmotic gap less than 50 then what type of diarrhoea
Secretory
409
Causes of chronic Secretary diarrhoea
Z E S Carcinoid syndrome
410
Osmotic diarrhoea with stool osmotic gap more than 50 and positive hydrogen breath test
Lactose intolerance
411
Stool osmotic gap Decreases Or increases on fasting
Decreases
412
Next step for osmotic diarrhoea after hydrogen breath test
stool fat Content
413
In osmotic diarrhoea if stool fat percent more than seven Next step
d xylose test
414
what is d xylose test
Ring radioactive D xylose
If proper absorption excreted in urine
415
Osmoticdiarrhoea with stool fat more than 7% d xylose test normal
Pancreatitis where only fat absorption reduced
416
Asthmatic diarrhoea stool fat more than 7% be xylose test abnormal differentials(2)
Bacterial overgrowth syndrome or small intestine bacterial over growth(BOGS/SIBO)
Mucosal disease like tropical sprue celiac disease or abetalipoproteinemia
417
In case of D xylos test abnormal In osmotic diarrhoea with 7% stool fat next step
Rifaximin for 7 days
418
Rifaximin for 7 days results in normal absorption diagnosis
BOGS/SIBO
419
Rifaximin For seven days results in abnormal absorption again diagnosis
Mucosal disease like tropical sprue celiac disease a bitter lipoproteinemia next step biopsy
420
HLADQ 2 associated with
Celiac sprue
421
Most affected part of intestine in celiac sprue to be biopsied
Duodenum
422
Antibody in celiac sprue against
gliadin/gluten form
423
Enteropathy Associated T cell lymphoma seen
celiac sprue
424
Celiac sprue involvement of CD4 or CD8
CD8
425
Dermatitis herpetiformis associated with
celiac sprue
426
Which immunoglobulin involved in celiac sprue cutaneous form
IgA
427
what to avoid in celiac sprue
Barely rye oat wheat
428
PAS positive diastase resistance Foamy macrophages cardiac Manifestation Arthralgia neurological manifestations(CAN)
Trichopherma whepelli
429
Pass the can of Foamy whipped cream
t.whepelli
430
Foamy macrophages on electron microscope in GI with acid fast basili
TB
431
Transmural involvement in ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease
432
Skip legions present in ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease
433
Structures commonly present in Ulcerativecolitis or Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease
434
p anca present I Ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease
Ulcerative colitis
435
ASCA Present in ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease
436
Hustrations gone on Barium Swallow lead pipe appearance seen in ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease
Ulcerative colitis
437
Cobblestone appearance aphthous Ulcers seen in ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease
438
Crypt abscess are hallmark of Ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease
Ulcerative colitis
439
Non casseating granulomas and can have Crypt abscess
in Crohn's disease
440
True love wit classification for
Ulcerative colitis
441
Montreal classification
Crohn's disease
442
Management of Crohn's disease
First steroids second biologicals 3rd surgery not usually done as skip lesions present
443
Management of ulcerative colitis
1st 5 as a sulfasalazine osalazine have azo bond
Second steroids
3rd surgery total proctocolectomy Followed by illian pouch anal anastomosis
444
Most common side of Crohn's disease involvement
Terminal ileum
445
Most common site of involvement in ulcerative colitis start
Rectum
446
Mucusel granularity on barium swallow seen
Ulcerativecolitis
447
Pseudo polyps seen in ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease
Ulcerative colitis
448
String sign of Cantor seen in
Crohn's disease
Terminal ileus structure
449
comb sign Is
Seen in
Increased inflammation vasarecta opens up
Seen in Crohn's disease
450
Extra particular manifestation of I B D that responds to treatment of I B D
Peripheral arthritis
erythema nodosum
Episcleritis
451
Extraarticular manifestation of I B D that does not respond to IBD treatment
Axial arthritis Pyoderma Gangrenosum necrotic neutrophilic
Primary Sclerosingcholangitis
Uveitis
452
Fluoride lesion around duct mrcp normal young female pruritis xenthelasma osteopenia
Primary biliary cirrhosis
453
Onion skin lesion around duct beaded appearance on MRCP elderly male IBD ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease present with jaundice
Primary Sclerosing cholangitis
454
Alcoholic AST>ALT(twicw=AST/ALT=2)
mallory denk bodies
CK 8/18
Intermediate filaments
Alcoholic hepatitis
455
councilman bodies apoptotic bodies portal track expansion
A LT raised more than AST
HCV infection
456
What value of Maddry Discriminant function should steroids be started
>32
457
emperipolisis Interface Hepatitis AntiSM antibody Anti LKM1 antibody
Autoimmune hepatitis
458
Anti LKM1 antibody Associated with
Autoimmune hepatitis
459
Saag>1.1 + Neutrophil>250/mm3
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
460
drug of choice for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
Cefotaxime
461
Antimitochondrial antibody Seen in
Primary billiary cirrhosis
462
CK8/18
Intermediate filaments involved in
Alcoholic hepatitis
463
Mallory denk in bodies seen in
Alcoholic Hepatitis and Indian child cirrhosis
464
Transamination reactions
co Factor
AST/ SGOT = Aspartate to oxaloacetate
ALT /SGPT= alanin to pyruvate
PyridoxineB6
465
