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AM > Bioc > Flashcards

Bioc Flashcards

1
Q

Hormone active in Fed state

A

Insulin

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2
Q

Enzymes activated when dephosphorylated
Which pathways

A

Regulated by insulin
Anabolic pathways

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3
Q

Anabolic pathways regulated by insulin

A

Glycogen synthesis fatty acid synthesis cholesterol triglyceride synthesis protein synthesis

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4
Q

Anabolic pathways takes place in

A

Cytoplasm

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5
Q

Non anabolic Or catabolic pathway regulated by insulin

A

glycolysis

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6
Q

which is amphibolic pathway

A

Krebs cycle

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7
Q

Insulin causes increase or decrease of protein kinase activity

A

Decrease in protein kinase activity

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8
Q

Enzymes activated in phosphorylated state due to which Hormone

A

Glucagon

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9
Q

Hormone activated in fasting state

A

Glucagon

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10
Q

Enzymes activated by increased cAMP Under which hormone

A

Glucagon

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11
Q

which state fed or fasting is diabetes mellitus like

A

Fasting state glucagon predominant

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12
Q

Lipoprotein lipase activated In which state under which hormone

A

fed stateunder insulin

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13
Q

lipoprotein lipase is anabolic or catabolic enzyme

A

anabolic

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14
Q

hormone sensitive lipase in fed and fasting

A

fasting

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15
Q

hormone sensitive lipase Catabolic or anabolic

A

Catabolic

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16
Q

Catabolic pathways takes place where
Except

A

Mitochondria
except Glycogenolysis In cytoplasm

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17
Q

Hug pathways that takes place in both mitochondria and cytoplasm

A

Heme synthesis
Urea cycle
Gluconeogenesis

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18
Q

Pathways in fasting state under glucagon

A

Ketone body synthesis
ketone body breakdown
fatty acid oxidation
glycogenolysis
gluconeogenesis

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19
Q

Keton body synthesis occurs under Insulin or glucagon

A

glucagon

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20
Q

Acetyl coenzyme a is substrate for gluconeogenesis or promoter

A

Not substrate only promoter

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21
Q

Substrates for gluconeogenesis

A

Alanin cahill cycle
lactate Cori cycle
Glycerol
Propionyl Coenzyme A odd chain

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22
Q

HC of L A

A

lipoprotein lipase is in anabolic
Hormone sensitive lipase is in catabolic

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23
Q

PFK 1/ phosphifructokinase 1 in anabolic or catabolic

A

Anabolic

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24
Q

Glycolysis alone how many ATPwith Kreb cycle how many ATP

A

Glycolysis alone 2ATPS with Krebs cycle 32 ATP’S

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25
Q

Glycolysis activated or inhibited by
ATPor AMP

A

AMP activates ATPa inhibits

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26
Q

Glycogen synthesis is in fat state or fasting state under insulin or glucagon

A

Glycogen synthesis in Fed state under insulin

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27
Q

Ketone body synthesis occurs in

A

Liver alone

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28
Q

Ketone body breakdown occurs in

A

BHM brain heart muscle not liver

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29
Q

Ketone body Breakdown does not occur in liver due to absence of which enzyme

A

Thiophorase

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30
Q

Liver and BHM organs Both have which enzyme for ketone body metabolism

A

thiolase

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31
Q

Steps of heme synthesis occurring in cytoplasm

A

Porphobilinogen to
hydroxybilane to
uroporphyrinogen 3 to
coproporphyrinogen 3

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32
Q

Acute intermittent porphyria Occurs at which step
which enzyme

A

Porphobilinogen to hydroxymethylbilane
Enzyme porphobilinogen deaminase

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33
Q

Acute abdominal pain plus neuropathy neuroviscerall symptoms in which porphyria

A

Acute intermittent porphyria

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34
Q

which porphyria is associated with hepatitis C infection

A

porphyria Cutanea Tarda

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35
Q

Which Porphyria associated with hiv infection

A

porphyria Cutanea Tarda

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36
Q

which porphyria has blisters on knuckles

A

porphyria Cutanea Tarda

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37
Q

Porphyria sporadic with liver involvement cutaneous blisters and photosensitivity

A

porphyria Cutanea Tarda

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38
Q

Porphyria due to uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase enzyme deactivation

A

porphyria Cutanea Tarda

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39
Q

Enzyme in between mitochondria and cytoplasm in heme synthesis is

A

ALA dehydratase

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40
Q

Steps of heme synthesis occurring in mitochondria

A

Succinyl coA and glycine to amino levulinic acid protoporphyrin to heme

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41
Q

Amino acid required for heme synthesis

A

Glycine and succinyl coenzyme a

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42
Q

Rate limiting enzyme of heme synthesis and step

A

ALA synthase
Succinyl co A + glycine to aminolevullinic acid

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43
Q

Secondary active transport for glucose absorption that is unilateral

A

SGLT

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44
Q

SGLT is present on luminal side or blood vessel side

A

Luminal

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45
Q

S G L T receptors in intestine

A

Sglt 1

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46
Q

S G L T receptor in kidney

A

SGLT 2

47
Q

Facilitated transport For glucose that is bilateral

A

GLUT

48
Q

Prevention of glucose from going out again in facilitated transport that is bilateral is due to

A

Phosphorylation of glucose by phosphokinase or hexokinase To glucose 6 phosphate

49
Q

GLUT present in brain placenta kidney

A

GLUT 1 and GLUT 3

50
Q

G L U T present in erythrocytes

A

GLUT 1

51
Q

G L U T present in small intestine

A

GLUT 2 And GLUT 5

52
Q

GLUT in pancreas

A

GLUT 2

53
Q

GLUT with low affinity

A

GLUT 2

54
Q

GLUT in Fed state low affinity or high affinity

A

GLUT 2 low affinity

55
Q

G L U T in liver

A

GLUT 2

56
Q

Basal uptake of glucose by which GLUT

A

GLUT 1

57
Q

GLUT with highest affinity

A

GLUT 3

58
Q

GLUT responsible for insulin Stimulated glucose uptake

A

GLUT 4

59
Q

GLUT in heart

A

GLUT 4

60
Q

GLUT in adipose tissue

A

GLUT 4

61
Q

GLUT in skeletal muscle

A

GLUT 4

62
Q

GLUT 4 present in

A

Heart
skeletal muscles
adieposed tissue

63
Q

Glut 3 present in

A

Brain kidney placenta

64
Q

GLUT 2 present in

A

Liver pancreas small intestine

65
Q

GLUT one present in

A

Brain kidney placenta erythrocytes

66
Q

GLUT 5 present in

A

Small intestine
sperms

67
Q

GLUT present in sperm

A

GLUT 5

68
Q

Glycogenolysis occurs at what hours of fasting

A

Zero to 16

69
Q

Gluconeogenesis occurs at what hours of fasting

A

16 to 48

70
Q

Starvation after how many days of fasting

A

1to 3
days

71
Q

Ketone bodies can be utilised by

A

Brain heart muscles

72
Q

Muscles utilise what in starvation state

A

Ketone bodies
amino acids
fatty acids

73
Q

Brain utilises what in fasting state

A

Glucose

74
Q

Brain utilises what inside state

A

Glucose

75
Q

Liver utilises what in Fed state

A
76
Q

Brain utilises what in starvation state

A

Ketone bodies

77
Q

Heart utilises what in Fed state

A

Fatty acid

78
Q

Heart utilises what in starvation state

A

Ketone body

79
Q

Heart utilises what in fasting state

A

Fatty acid

80
Q

Rbc’s utilises what in Fed state

A

Glucose

81
Q

Rbc’s utilise what in fasting state

A

Glucose

82
Q

Rbc’s utilise what in starvation state

A

Glucose

83
Q

Adipose tissue utilises what in starvation state

A

Fattyacid

84
Q

Adipose tissue utilises what in fasting state

A

Fatty acid

85
Q

adipose tissue utilises whatin Fed state

A

Glucose

86
Q

What among glucose fatty acid ketone bodies amino acid does not cross blood brain barrier

A

Fatty acid

87
Q

Highest thermic effect seen in

A

Protein

88
Q

Respiratory Quotient of carbohydrate is

A

1

89
Q

Lysyl oxidase requires which metal

A

Copper

90
Q

Quantification of dna methylation Is doneby

A

Bisulfite sequencing

91
Q

Which RNA does not require capping

A

tRNA

92
Q

Vitamin C is not formed in humans due to lack of

A

L gulonolatone

93
Q

Tyrosinase requires which metal

A

copper

94
Q

Albinism or Menke’s kinky defect seen in deficiency of which metal

A

copper

95
Q

Fanconi bickle syndrome is due to Defect of what

A

Glut 2

96
Q

What synthesis is inhibited in Fanconi Bickle syndrome

A

Glycogen synthesis in liver and kidney

97
Q

Liver cannot utilise ketone bodies due to absence of

A

Thiophorase

98
Q

Flozin drugs inhibit what

A

SGLT 2

99
Q

Which among glucokinase And hexokinase has high affinity towards glucose

A

Hexokinase

100
Q

Glucokinase is present in which organs

A

Liver and B cell of pancreas

101
Q

Which among glucokinase and hexokinase have has higher km value

A

glucokinase

102
Q

2 3 bi PG Is synthesised during

A

R L Shunt

103
Q

Which shunts do not produce atp

A

RL Shunt
H M P Shunt

103
Q

What promotes release of oxygen and decreased affinity of oxygen to haemoglobin

A

2 3bi PG

104
Q

Most gluconeogenic amino acid

A

Alanin

105
Q

Which is A strong activator of gluconeogenesis but not a substrate

A

Acetyl Co A

106
Q

Fructose 6 phosphate converts to What in fasting state

A

Glucose gluconeogenesis

107
Q

Fructose 6 phosphate converts 2 what in Fed state

A

Fructose 2 6 bi phosphate by PFK 2
Fructose one 6 bi Phosphate by PFK 1
Further to glucose

108
Q

PFK1. PFK2 And fructose 2 6 bi phosphate favours which process

A

Glycolysis

109
Q

Fructose bi phosphatase 2 Activated in which State

A

Fasting state

110
Q

Fructose bi phosphatase 2 activates what

A

Fructose bi phosphatase 1

111
Q

Fructose bi phosphatase 1 Function

A

Convert fructose 16 bi phosphate to fructose 6 phosphate

112
Q

Fructose bi phosphatase 2 Function

A

Converts fructose 6 phosphate to fructose 2 6 bi Phosphate

113
Q
A

AM (12 decks)

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