pedia Flashcards
1
Q
Amniotic fluid l:s ratio
A
More than 2
2
Q
shake test for?
how much ethanol
A
for lung maturity
95%ethanol +af
3
Q
hyaline membrane diseases x ray findings
A
white out
b/l ggo
black+patent bronchus
air bronchogram sign
4
Q
preterm 1st day resp distress diagnosis
A
hyaline membrane dis
5
Q
hyaline memb dis in preterm less than ?weeks
A
less than 34 weeks
6
Q
4 tests for Hyaline M D
A
1 shake test
2 amniotic fluid l:s ratio
3 nile blue sulphatase test
4 phosphatidyl glycerol level
7
Q
what color what cells in nile blue sul.test
%?
A
orange colored fat cells
50%
8
Q
resp distress preterm 1_7 days
A
apnea of prematurity
9
Q
doc for apnea of prematurity
A
caffiene
10
Q
resp distress in preterm baby who is on persistent oxygen support
A
bronchopulmonary dysplasia
11
Q
bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm cause
A
> 21% oxy + >28 days
12
Q
multifocal cystic luscencies in preterm lung in ?
A
bronchopulmonary dysplasia
13
Q
term baby
resp distress
cxray-fluid in fissure/pulmonary effuson
diagnosis
A
TTNB
transient tachypnea of new born
14
Q
TTNB xray findings
A
fluid in fissure
plueral effusion
15
Q
post term baby
resp distress MAS cxray
A
1 perihilar linear opacities
2 hyperinflation(small airway obstructed)
16
Q
post term baby resp distress is seen in
A
meconium aspiration syndrome- meconium stained liquor
17
Q
resp distress in neonate with scaphoid abdomen
A
congenital diaphragmatic hernia
18
Q
“BPL”
full form and found in
A
bockdeleck hernia- poterior- left
found in -congenital diaphragmatic hernia
19
Q
nasogastric tube in neonate goes in thorax?
A
congenital diaphragmatic hernia
20
Q
resp distress in baby
h/o sibling death
surfactant protein B
A
pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
21
Q
crazy pavement appearance on hrct in neonate
h/o sibling death
A
pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
22
Q
surfactant protien deficient in PAP
A
SP-B
23
Q
Low birth weight baby
A
<2.5 kg
24
Q
Very low birth weight baby
A
<1.5 kg
25
Extremely low birth weight baby
<1 kg
26
Small for gestational age sga
<10th percentile
27
Large for gestational age lga
>90th percentile
28
Average for gestational age a g a
>10th<90th percentile
29
Physiological weight loss of term baby recovered by how many days
10% by 10D
30
Physiological weight loss of Pritam baby recovered by how many days
15% by 15D
31
I U G R definition
<10th percentile + abN doppler indices
32
Causes of symmetrical i u g r
Congenital Malformation congenital infections
33
Causes of asymmetrical iugr
utero placental insufficiency
34
pOnderal index
wt(gm)/femur lt cube cm
35
Pondral index more than two in symmetrical or asymmetrical
Symmetrical
36
Pondral index less than 2 in symmetrical or asymmetrical or normal
Asymmetrical and normal
37
Poor prognosis in symmetrical or asymmetrical i u g r
In symmetrical
38
Good progresses in symmetrical or asymmetrical iugr
In asymmetrical
39
Head circumference decreased in symmetrical or asymmetrical iugr
In symmetrical
40
Heads circumference normal in symmetrical or asymmetrical i u g r
In Asymmetrical
41
Abdominal circumference decrease in symmetrical or asymmetrical iugr
in both
42
Head sparing scene in symmetrical or asymmetrical iugr
In asymmetrical
43
Most common cause of mortality in neonate
prematurity>birth asphyxia>sepsis >congenital anomalies
44
Most common cause of mortality under 5
Pneumonia >diarrhoea >injury >malaria
45
10 newborn benign lesions
1 Erythema toxicum 2neonatal pastular dermatosis
3 milaria 4 harley quin 5 cutis marmorata 6 mangolian spots 7 capillary
hemangioma 8 acne 9 cradle cap 10 nipple discharge also known as mastitis
neonatorum or vaginal discharge
46
erythema toxicum aspirate has eosinophils or neutrophils
eosinophils with erythematous base
47
erythema neonatorum also known as
Erythma toxicum
48
erythema toxicum seen in which part of body
Trunk
49
Neonatal pustular dermatosis has eosinophils or neutrophils
Neutrophils
50
Sweat duct occlusion in neonates is
Milaria
51
Half body colour change in neonate due to
vasospasm
52
Cutis marmorata due to
vasospasm
53
Mongolian spots commonly seen at which level
LS
54
Mongolians disappear by
2 years
55
capillary hemangioma also known as
Strawberry Hemangioma/ stork bites/ salmon patch/ naevus simplex / port wine stain/ nevus flammeus
56
Does capillary hemangioma resolve on its own
Yes by 2 years
57
Does cavernous hemangioma resolve on its own
No
58
Cradle cap also known as
seboric dermatitis
59
Seboric dermatitis in neonates resolves by
One week
60
Seboric dermatitis also seen in
LCH
61
Black Harry cerebriform appearance in
Congenital melanocytic nevi
62
Mastitis neonatarum due to
Maternal estrogen
63
Minimum apgar score
Zero
64
Severe asphyxia in apgar score
<3
65
apgar score prognostic or guide
Prognostic
66
Timing of apgar score
1 and 5 minutes after birthminute
67
Components of apgar score
1 appearance= pink/ blue extremities/ cyanosis
2 pulse =>100/<100/no pulse
3 grimace= cries and pullsaway/ gremace and weak cry/ no response
4 activity= active/ arms and legs flexed/ no movement
5 respiratory effort= strong cry/ slow irrregular /no breathing
68
4thcomponent of apgar score
activit=active movement/arms legs flexed/movement
69
R in apgar score stands for
respiratory efforts
70
Sepsis screen components
Leukopenia tLC<5000
Neutropenia anc<1800
Immature neutrophils to total neutrophils ratioI/T ratio>0.2
Micro ESR in first hour>15mm
CRP positive
71
Leukopenia inseps score is
<5000
72
Neutropenia in sepsis score is (anc)
<1800
73
sepsis score is used in
Neonatal sepsis
74
What sepsis score is indicator of starting antibiotics
>=2
75
Most common cause of neonatal sepsis
KLEBSIELLA
76
Most common cause of early onset sepsis in neonates
gbs= s.agalacti
77
Most effective measure to prevent neonatal sepsis is
handwash
78
Earliest clinical feature of neonatal sepsis
reduced feeding
79
Initial investigation for neonatal sepsis
sepsis screen
80
Investigation of choice for neonatalsepsis
culture
81
Risk factor of neonatal surface
Preterm/ r o m18hrs/ p p v
82
s agalacti is found in
vaginal flora
83
Micro ESR in neonatal sepsis
>15mm in 1st hr
84
Temperature range for neonates
36.5-37.5
85
Hypothermia in neonates
<36.5
86
Cold stress in neonates
36-36.5
87
Moderate hypothermia in neonates
32-36
88
Severe hypothemia in neonates
<32
89
Non shivering thermogenesis seen in
babies
cold stress
90
Brown fat produces heat by
Non shivering thermogenesis
uncoupling
91
Brown fat present in(4)
nape of neck/ axilla /scapula/ adrenals
92
Is shivering present in cold stress in neonates
no
93
For components of kangaroo Mother Care
1 position
2 nutrition
3 support
4 discharge early
94
KMC to be continued till what age
>35 weeks
95
Incubator heating by
convention
96
Axiliary temperature >37.5 is
hyperthermia
97
Pathological jaundice appears when(2)
1 <24hrs
2after 3 weeks
98
Most common cause of pathological jaundice appearing in less than 24 hours
abo/rh incompatibility
99
Pathological jaundice persisting for
>14 days
100
Pathological jaundice persisting for .14 days seen in
1Hypothyroidism
2 crigler najar
3 breast milk jaundice
101
102
Crammar rule
Palms and soles involved in jaundice
103
Palms and souls involved in jaundice at what concentration
More than 15mg per DL
104
Palms and souls involved in jaundice at what concentration
More than 15mg per DL
105
Pathological jaundice when bilirubin increases by what in one day
5 mg per DL per day
106
Pathological jaundice at what bilirubin concentration
15 MG per DL
107
Stool play coloured urine staining yellow
In conjugated hyperbilirubinemia
108
Direct bilirubin in conjugated hyperbilirubinemia
More than 2 mg per DL
109
Most common cause of direct bilirubinemia
Extra hepatobiliary atresia EHBA
110
initial investigation for E H B A
USG
111
112
USG finding in Ehba
1 Small contracted gallbladder
2 Triangular chord sign
113
Highest negative predictive value in ehba in
hida scan
114
Gold standard for EHBA
Intraop cholangiogram or percutaneous cholangiogram
115
Iordinated contrast under fluoroscopy puncture liver insert contrast to see while radical done in
Intraop cholangiogram or percutaneous choLangiogram
116
Pregnandiol Present in
Causes
breast milk
Breast mikk jauncice(unconjug)
117
Pregnandiol is
Beta glucoronidase
118
Breast milk jaundice presents
Two to three weeks
119
Management of breast milk jaundice
Phototherapy
120
Stool yellow urine pale seen in
Unconjugated Breast milk jaundice
121
Breastfeeding jaundice due to
Dehydration
122
Management of breastfeeding jjaundice
Breastfeeding
123
UDP Glucoronye transferase Deficiency
Unconjugated Bilirubinemia
124
UDPGT mildly deficient in
Gilbert syndrome
125
Gilbert syndrome is autosomal dominant or recessive
AR>AD
126
Gilbert syndrome presents when
In adults due to fever or stress
127
Criggler Nazar Types
Type one complete absence of udp gt
Type two severely deficient udp gt
128
Type one criggler Nazar Presents as
Neonatal kernicterus
129
Criggler najar Type two managed by
Phenobarbitone
130
Duvin Johnson is type of
Conjugated Hyperbilirubinemia
131
Dubin Johnson autosomal recessive
Autosumal Recessive
132
Crigglar Nazar autosomal recessive or dominant
Autosomal recessive
133
MRP2 defect Seen in
Dubin Johnson
134
Black liver in Devin Johnson due to
Epinephrine metabolites
135
Rotor syndrome is what type of bilirubinemia
Conjugated
136
OATP 1B1/OATP1B2 Defects seen in
137
Structural isomerization converts bilirubin into what
LumiRubin
138
Structural isomerisation is reversible or irreversible
Irreversible
139
Photo isomerization does what
Turns z form into E form
140
Three mechanisms in photo therapy
Structural isomerisation photoisomerization photo oxidation
141
Distance of phototherapy lamp
30 to 40 centimetre
142
Wavelength in photo therapy
460-490 nanometer
143
143
Colour of light in phototherapy
Blue Green more than blue
144
Type of lamp In photo therapy
L E D
145
Irredians using flux metre
30uW/cm2/nm
146
Screening for pathological joints done by
TCB Transcutaneous Billy Rubinometer
147
Drug of choice for neonatal seizures
phenobarb
148
Most common type of neonatal seizure
Subtle type
Grimace
149
Most common cause of neonatal seizures
Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy
150
Causes of neonatal seizures
Hypolycemia <45gm%electrolyte imbalance pyredoxin deficiency
151
Best prognosis in neonatal seizures in
Focal Clonic
152
Worst prognosis in neonatal seizures
myoclinic
153
Bedside monitor for neonatal seizures
AIE amplitude integrated eeg
154
Initial investigation in neonatal seizures in H I E
Transcranial usg to rule out ivh Intra ventricular haemorrhage
155
Ivh is more common in pre term or term
Preterm
156
Investigation of choice for H I E
Diffusion weighted imaging mri to pick up ischemia
157
para sagital injury In term or pre term infant
Term
158
Para sagital or watershed injury causes
Spastic quadriplegia in turn babies
159
Status Marmoratus Seen in pre term or term babies
Term babies
160
Most common type of HIE
Chorioathetoid
161
status marmoratus show
chorioathetoid
162
Germinal matrix haemorrhage Seen in pre or term babies
Preterm
163
Periventricular leukomakasia seen in term or pre term babies
peterm
164
periventricular leukomalasia cause
spastic diplagia
165
garnet and sarnet staging for
hie
166
hyperalert baBy in which sarnet stage
1
167
mydriasis in which sarnet stage of hie
1
168
Miosis in which sarnet stage of hie
2
169
seizures common in which sarnet stage of hie
2
170
tonic neck reflex is strong in which sarnet stage of hie
2
171
stretch reflex overactive in which sarnet stage of hie
1 and 2
172
GATA 2 gene involved in
pulmonary alveolor proteinosis
173
downe's score components(5)
1rr
2 cyanosis
3 retraction
4 grunting
5 air entry
174
Silverman Anderson
1 upper chest
2 lower chest retraction
3 xiphoid
4 nares dilation
5 expiratory grunt
175
Sea saw upper chest in which grade of Silverman andersongrade
3
176
expiratory grunt in Silverman Anderson heard on stethoscope in what grade
2
177
silveman Anderson is 123or 012
012
178
downe's is 123or 012
012
179
rr conssered in downe's score is
0=<60
1=60-80
2=>80
180
No cyanosis with oxygen what score on downe's score
1
181
air entry decreased in what score of dwne's score
1
182
IV fluids for what age of gestation in baby
<28wks
183
Lack of gut motiliy present at what age of gestation in baby
<28wks
184
Lack of coordination between suck and breathing at what age of gestation in baby
28-31wk
185
Coordination between suck and swallow and breathe appears between what gestational age in baby
32-34 wks
186
Mature sucking reflects present at what age of gestation of babies
>34wks
187
Palladi or spoon feeding at word gestational age of baby
32-34wks
188
Gavage feeding or orrogastric or nasogastric tube feeding in what gestational age of baby
28-32wks
189
Breastfeeding in what gestational age of baby
>34wks
190
Modified bells staging for
Necrotising enterocolitis
191
Management of 1A stage of necrotizing enterocolitis
NPO. Antibiotics three days
192
Gross bloody stool at what a stage of necrotizing Enterocolitis
1B
193
