Surgery Flashcards
What treatment can be used for patients with oestrogen receptor positive tumours?
Tamoxifen if pre or peri menopausal
Aromatase inhibitors eg anastrozole if post menopausal
What is the first line treatment for urge vs stress incontinence?
Stress: pelvic floor muscle training
Urge: bladder retraining
Which drug can be offered in stress urinary incontience? (Eg if women decline surgery & tried pelvic floor retraining)
Duloxetine
Combined NSRI reputable inhibitor (acts upon pudendal nerve to increase stimulation or urethral sphincter muscles)
Coffee bean sign on AXR is pathognomonic of what?
Sigmoid volvulus
What is the maximum dose of local lidocaine injection with and without adrenaline?
1% lidocaine = 10mg/ml concentration With: 7mg/kg
Without: 3mg/kg
A scrotal lump felt posterior to the testicle is most likely to be what?
Epididymal cyst
(Confirm via USS, supportive management unless large/ symptomatic)
A varicocoele is most common in which testicle?
Left (due to drainage of the spermatic vein into left renal vein rather than the right which goes directly into the IVC)
For how long prior to major elective surgery should women stop taking HRT/ COCP?
28 days
What is the management of fibroadneoma?
Aka breast mouse
Watch and watch if <3cm
Surgical excision if >3cm
What is the first line investigation for suspected localised prostate Ca?
Multiparametric prostate MRI
(If likely Ca, then we biopsy)
What is the first line investigation for suspected renal colic?
Non contrast CTKUB
What dose adjustment would you advise for a patient due for surgery who takes a once daily long acting insulin?
Reduce the dose by 20% the day before and the day of surgery
What dose adjustment would you advise for a patient due for surgery who takes a twice daily insulin?
Half the morning dose
Leave evening dose unchanged
Should dislocation is most commonly anterior or posterior?
Anterior 95% of the time
