ENT Flashcards
Examples of conductive and sensorineural hearing loss?
Conductive: otitis media & externa, cholesteatoma, impacted wax, tympanic membrane perforation
Sensorineural: presbyacousis, acoustic neuroma, ototoxic drugs, genetic deafness, Menieres
In conductive hearing loss, how would Rinne and Webber’s test present?
Webers would lateralise to the affected ear, Rinnes bone would be louder than air conduction
Meniere’s syndrome presents with which triad of symptoms?
Vertigo
Tinnitus
Sensorineural hearing loss
How can vestibular neuronitis vs labrynthitis be differentiated?
Vestibular neuronitis: Voice can still be heard (only vestibular nerve affected, vertigo main symptom)
Labrynthitis: Loss of hearing (affects both vestibular and cochlear nerve, hence vertigo and hearing loss)
What organism is responsible for acute epiglottitis?
Haemophilus influenza type B
Acoustic neuromas affects which nerves?
Vestibulocochlear
Facial
If large: trigeminal nerve
What is the first line management of otitis externa?
Topical combined steroid and antibiotic
(If no response then refer to ENT)
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo can be diagnosed and treated with which manoeuvres?
Diagnosis with Dix Hallpike
Treat with Epley manoeuvre
What mediations can be used for Ménière’s disease (acutely and as prophylaxis)?
Acutely: prochlorperazine
Prophylaxis: betahistine
What is the usual causative organism of quinsy?
Strep pyogenes
What is the antibiotic of choice for tonsillitis that is likely bacterial?
Penicillin V
Which drugs can cause ototoxicity?
Loop diuretics
Aminoglycosides
Quinine
NSAIDs / aspirin
Above what threshold of hearing is normal on an audiogram?
20dB
Which type of hearing loss would present with an air bone gap on an audiogram?
Conductive hearing loss
