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Neuro Endocrine > Superficial Face and Scalp > Flashcards

Superficial Face and Scalp Flashcards

1
Q

What are the five layers of the scalp

A

Skin

Dense connective tissue: Holds vasculature and holds them open

Aponeurosis: Connects muscles of facial expression (Occipitofrontalis)

Loose Connective tissue: potential spread of infection due to its potential space

Pericranium

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2
Q

Scalp injuries and the impact on the vasculature

A

Since the vasculature in the head runs from inferior to superior, most of it will be fine for reattachment of the scalp

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3
Q

How does a scalp wound become gaping

A

If the cut penetrates through the aponeurosis it becomes a Gaping wound (due to the pull of the muscles)

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4
Q

What are some relationships between with the parotid gland

A

The Parotid Gland duct dives into the Buccinator Muscle

CN VII passes through the Parotid Gland

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5
Q

What nerve closes the eye

A

Facial Nerve (CN VII) by innervating the Orbicularis oculi Muscle (Orbital, Palpebral)

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6
Q

Some muscles of Facial Expression

A 
Occipitofrontalis
Corrugator Supercilii
Procerus
Nasailis
Orbicularis oculi
Levator labii superioris 
Depressor anguli oris
Mentalis
Buccinator
Orbicularis Oris
Zygomaticus Major
Zygomaticus Minor
Platysmus
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7
Q

Muscles of Mastication

A

Temporalis
Masseter
Lateral Pterygoid M : Upper and lower head
Medial Pterygoid M : superfical and deep head

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8
Q

What are the 5 branches of the Facial Nerve

A 
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
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9
Q

What nerve carries taste for CN VII

A

Chorda Tympani

also carries Parasympathetics to the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands

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10
Q

What nerve carries Parasympathetic fibers to the lacrimal Gland

A

Greater Pretrosal Nerve

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11
Q

What foramen does CN VII exit

A

Stylomastoid Foramen

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12
Q

Pathway of Parasympathetic motor to lacrimal gland

A

Greater pertrosal nerve arises from CN VII and emerges from the superior surface of petrous part of the temporal bone to enter middle cranial fossa

Greater pretrosal Nerve then joins deep petrosal nerve (Sympathetics) to become nerve of pterygoid canal

nerve of pterygoid canal travels through pterygoid canal and enters pterygopalatine fossa

Parasympathetic fibers then synapse on the pterygopalatine ganglion

then they will innervate the lacrimal gland via the zygomatic branch of V2 and lacramal nerve branch of V1

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13
Q

Visceral parasympathetic motor to submandibular and sublingual glands

A

The chorda tymani branch arises from CN VII just superior to styloid mastoid foramen carrying taste 2/3 of the tongue and GVE

Crosses the tympanic cavity medial to handle of malleus

The chorda tympani passes through the petrotympanic fissure between tympanic and pterous parts of the temporal bone to join lingual nerve V3 in infratemporal fossa

Parasympathetic fibers of chorda tympani synapse in submandibular ganglion and post synaptic fibers follow arteries to glands

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14
Q

What cell bodies make up the geniculate ganglion

A

sensory cell bodies

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15
Q

Cutaneous Sensation to the face via the Trigeminal Nerve: Opthalmic

A 
Supraorbital N
Supratrochlear N
Palpebral branch of lacrimal N
Infratrochlear N
External nasal branch of Ethmodial N
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16
Q

Cutaneous Sensation to the face via the Trigeminal Nerve: Maxillary

A

Infraorbital nerve
zygomaticofacial N
Zygomaticotemporal N

17
Q

Cutaneous Sensation to the face via the Trigeminal Nerve: Mandibular N

A

Mental Nerve (inferior alveolar N)
Buccal Nerve
Auriculotemporal N

18
Q

Bells Palsy

A

Blockage of the Facial Nerve usually occurs ipsilateral side

lose abillity of facial expression

effects eye because patients cant shut their eye

19
Q

What nerves innervate the scalp

A

Supratrochlear Nerve
Supra orbital Nerve

Zygomaticotemporal Nerve

Auriculotemporal Nerve

Great auricular Nerve
Lesser occipital Nerve

Great occipital Nerve
Third occipital Nerve

20
Q

What nerve innervates the muscles of mastication

A

Mandibular V3 Nerve

21
Q

Herpes Zoster

A

Chicken poxs and shingles

will arise in one of these facial sensory nerves of trigeminal and you can tell which branch by the location of the sores

22
Q

Blood vessels of the face

A

Facial A
Superficial Temporal A
Transverse facial Artery
(all arise off of External Carotid Artery)

Angular A
superior labial A (these anastamose)
Inferior Labial A
(arise off of facial A)

Supraorbital A
Supratrochlear A
(arise off of the internal carotid Artery)

Supratrochlear A and Angular A meet up

Supraorbital and superficial temporal A meet up

23
Q

origin and distribution of these arteries: Facial A

A

External carotid Artery

Muscles of facial expression

24
Q

origin and distribution of these arteries: Inferior labial Artery

A

comes off of facial artery near angle of mouth

lower lip

25
Q

origin and distribution of these arteries: Superior labial Artery

A

comes off facial artery near angle of the mouth

Upper lip and ala and septum of the nose

26
Q

origin and distribution of these arteries: Lateral Nasal

A

Facial Artery as it ascends alonside the nose

Skin on the ala and dorsum of the nose

27
Q

origin and distribution of these arteries: Angular A

A

Termonal branch of the facial Artery

Superior part of cheek and inferior eyelid

28
Q

origin and distribution of these arteries: Occipital A

A

Comes off the external carotid A

supplies the back of the scalp of the head as far as the vertex

29
Q

origin and distribution of these arteries: Posterior Auricular A

A

Comes off the external Carotid A

does the auricle of the ear and scalp posterior to the auricle

30
Q

origin and distribution of these arteries: Superficial temporal Artery

A

smaller terminal branch of external carotid Artery

Does the facial muscles and the skin of temporal frontal and temporal regions

31
Q

origin and distribution of these arteries: Transverse facial A

A

comes off Superficial temporal artery within the parotid gland

does the parotid gland and duct, muscles and skin of the face

32
Q

origin and distribution of these arteries: Mental A

A

Terminal branch of inferior alveolar Artery

does the facial muscles and skin of the chin

33
Q

origin and distribution of these arteries: Supraorbital

A

Terminal branch of ophthalmic artery

muscles and skin of forehead and scalp and superior conjunctiva

34
Q

origin and distribution of these arteries: Supratrochlear

A

Terminal branches of ophthalmic artery

Muscles of the ski of forehead and the scalp and superior conjunctiva

35
Q

Lymphatic drainage of the face: Superficial ring

A

Submental: Chin lower lip
Submandibular: Teeth nose upper lip
Parotid: anterior ear and upper face
(all three drain to deep cervical nodes)

Mastoid: posterior lateral scalp
Occipital: posterior scalp and neck
(drain to superficial cervical nodes)

All will drain to deep cervical nodes

36
Q

What are the two deep cervical nodes

A

Jugulodigastric node

Jugulo omohyoid node

Neuro Endocrine (20 decks)

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