Pterygopalatine fossa and nasal cavity

Question 1

What are the bony parts of the nose

Answer 1

Nasal bones
frontal process of the maxilla
Nasal part of frontal bone and nasal spine
Bony part of nasal septum

Question 2

What are the cartilagenous part of the nose

Answer 2

2 lateral cartilages
2 alar cartilages
septal cartilage (nasal septum)

Question 3

What lines the nasal cavity

Answer 3

Nasal Mucosa which is firmly connected to the periostium of the bony parts of the cavity

This includes both the respiratory area (inferior 2/3) and the olfactory area (supperior 1/3)

Question 4

what is special about the olfactory area in the nasal cavity

Answer 4

Has specialized nasal mucosa that contains the peripheral nerve endings from the olfactory nerve for special sense of smell

Question 5

What makes up the roof of the nasal cavity

Answer 5

Frontal bone, ethmoid bone, sphenoid bone

Question 6

What makes up the floor of the nasal cavity

Answer 6

Palatine process of maxilla

Horizontal plate of the palatine bone

Question 7

What makes up the medial wall of the nasal cavity

Answer 7

Nasal septum (perpendicular plate of ethmoid, vomer, septal cartilage, nasal crests of maxillary and palatine bones

Question 8

What makes up the lateral wall of the Nasal Cavity

Answer 8

Superior, middle, and inferior nasal conchae

Question 9

What are the 4 passages into the nasal cavity via the nasal conchae

Answer 9

speno-ethmodial recess (openings of sphenoid sinuses)

Superior nasal meatus (openings of ethmodial sinuses)

Middle nasal meatus (openings of frontal sinus)
-maxillary sinus also opens here in the posterior part of semilunar hiatus at the maxillary ostium

Inferior nasal meatus (opening of nasolacrimal duct)

Question 10

What is the arterial supply to the nasal cavity?

Answer 10

most blood goes to the lateral and medial walls via branches off the maxillary Artery

• spenopalatine
• anterior and posterior ethmodial a
• greater palatine a

also some come from facial A

• superior labial a
• lateral nasal branches

Question 11

Where is the location in the nasal cavity that tends to bleed profusely

Answer 11

kiesselbach area

this is where all 5 arteries in the nasal cavity come together

leads to profusely bleeds

Question 12

What is the venous drainage of the nasal cavity

Answer 12

venous drainage goes to sphenopalatine
facial
and ophthalmic veins

Question 13

drainage, arterial, and innervation supply of the: Maxillary sinus

Answer 13

Largest

drains via the maxillary ostium into middle meatus

arterial supply: superior alveolar branches of maxillary and greater palatine a

inn: superior alveolar nerve branches from V2

Question 14

drainage, arterial, and innervation supply of the: Ethmoid sinus

Answer 14

ethmoid air cells located between orbits

anterior and middle ethmodial cells drain into middle meatus

posterior ethmodial cells into superior meatus

Arterial supply: Ethmodial aa (from ophthalmic)

innervation: Nasociliary nerves from V1

Question 15

drainage, arterial, and innervation supply of the: sphenoid sinus

Answer 15

unevenly divided by bony part of nasal septum

drains via sphenoethmodial recess

arterial supply: posterior ethmodial a

Innervation: posterior ethmodial nerve V1

Question 16

drainage, arterial, and innervation supply of the: frontal sinus

Answer 16

Between outer and inner tables of frontal bone, posterior to supercilary arches

drains via frontonasal duct into semilunar hiatus of middle meatus

arterial supply: supraorbital a and anterior ethmodial a

innervation: supraorbital nerves (CN V1)

Question 17

Borders of the pterygopalatine fossa

Answer 17

Anterior: Maxillary tuberosity

posterior: pterygoid process of sphenoid (Lateral plate)

Medial: Perpendicular plate of palatine bone

Lateral: opens into infratemporal fossa via pterygomaxillary fissure

Roof: greater wing of sphenoid

floor: pyramid process of palatine bone

Question 18

What are the openings of the pterygopalatine fossa

Answer 18

Fissures:
Infraorbital fissure goes to orbit
pterygomaxillary fissure goes to infratemporal fossa

Foramina:
spheno-palatine foramen goes to nasal cavity
Foramen rotundum goes to middle cranial fossa

Canals:
Pharyngeal canal goes to nasopharynx
vidian canal (pterygoid canal) goes to foramen lacerum
Pterygopalatine canal goes to infratemporal fossa

Question 19

What travels trough these passageways in the pterygopalatine fossa: inferior orbital fissure

Answer 19

Nerves;
infraorbital N
zygomatic N
Orbital branches from CN V2

vessels:
Infraorbital A
inferior ophthalmic v

Question 20

What travels trough these passageways in the pterygopalatine fossa: foramen rotundum

Answer 20

Maxillary n (CN V2)

Question 21

What travels trough these passageways in the pterygopalatine fossa: Pterygoid canal

Answer 21

Nerve:
Nerve of pterygoid canal (greater and deep petrosal n)

Vessels:
Artery of pterygoid canal(with accompanying veins)

Question 22

What travels trough these passageways in the pterygopalatine fossa: Greater palatine canal

Answer 22

Greater palatine n

Descending palatine a
greater palatine a

Question 23

What travels trough these passageways in the pterygopalatine fossa: Lesser palatine canal

Answer 23

Lesser palatine n

Lesser palatine a (terminal branches of descending palatine a)

Question 24

What travels trough these passageways in the pterygopalatine fossa: Sphenopalatine foramen

Answer 24

Medial and lateral posterior superior and posterior inferior nasal branches from nsopalatine n CN V2

sphenopalatine A

Question 25

what ganglion is found in the pterygopalatine fossa

Answer 25

pterygopalatine ganglion