Sulfonamides

Question 1

What is the ratio of synergism between sulfonamides and benzylpyrimidines?

Answer 1

5:1

Question 2

Sulfonamides inhibit which enzyme?

Answer 2

Dihydropteroate synthetase (DHPS)

Question 3

Are the sulfonamides bactericidal or bacteriostatic?

Answer 3

Bacteriostatic

Question 4

Are the benzylpyrimidines bactericidal or bacteriostatic?

Answer 4

Bacteriostatic

Question 5

Benzylpyrimidines block which enzyme?

Answer 5

Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR)

Question 6

Together, are sulfonamides and benzylpyrimidines bacteriostatic or bactericidal?

Answer 6

Bactericidal

Question 7

What does the broad spectrum for the sulfonamides and benzylpyrimidines consist of?

Answer 7

1. Gram + (except enterococcus)
2. Gram - (except pseudomonas)
3. Protozoa - coccidia, cryptosporidia

Question 8

Against which 3 microbial organisms are the sulfonamides and benzylpyrimidines useless?

Answer 8

1. Mycoplasma
2. Mycobacteria
3. Spirochetes

Question 9

If the MIC is ___ to the breakpoint, then the isolate is resistant.

Answer 9

> / _

Question 10

If a bacteria is resistant to a sulfa, then it will be ____ to the sulfa + BP combination.

Answer 10

Resistant

Question 11

If a bacteria is susceptible to a sulfa, then it will be ____ to the sulfa + BP combination.

Answer 11

Susceptible

Question 12

Sulfas and BPs are eliminated better in ____ urine.

Answer 12

Alkaline urine

Question 13

____ concentrates x10 in the dog prostate and is a good choice against prostitis.

Answer 13

Trimethoprim

Question 14

In terms of toxicities associated with sulfas and BPs, what is the #1 complaint and consideration?

Answer 14

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye)

Question 15

Sulfonamides and BPs are contraindicated in the doberman because they cause what?

Answer 15

Arthritis

Question 16

Do not use sulfonamides or BPs on ____ ____, ____, in ____ ____, or with ____.

Answer 16

Do not use sulfonamides or BPs on RICKETTSIAL DISEASES, ABSCESSES, in MALE DOGS, or with TOLBUTAMIDE.

Question 17

Which sulfonamide is NOT absorbed from the intestines?

Answer 17

Sulfaguanidine

Question 18

What is the regulatory concern with sulfonamide/BP use?

Answer 18

NO extra-label use in dairy cattle

Question 19

List the 4 Ionophores.

Answer 19

1. Monesin
2. Narasin
3. Lasalocid
4. Salinomycin

Question 20

What is the mechanism of action of the Ionophores?

Answer 20

1. Insert into the cell wall
2. Bind Na, K, and H ions
3. Result in lethal pH drop

Question 21

What is the spectrum of the Ionophores?

Answer 21

1. Gram (+) - bactericidal

2. Coccidia - bacteriostatic

Question 22

What is the #1 toxicity concern with the Ionophores?

Answer 22

Myopathies

Question 23

What are the 2 non-infectious uses of the Ionophores?

Answer 23

1. Prevent bloat

2. Growth-promotant in cattle

Question 24

What are 5 indications for sulfonamide use?

Answer 24

1. Canine pyoderma
2. Canine and feline IBD
3. Coccidiosis in canine and feline
4. Bovine diarrhea
5. Bovine foot rot

Question 25

What are 3 indications for ionophore use?

Answer 25

1. Prevent bloat
2. Coccidiosis in bovine, poultry, swine
3. Pulmonary edema

Question 26

Sulfadimethoxine + ormethoprim

Answer 26

Canine pyoderma

Question 27

Sulfadimethoxine

Answer 27

Canine and feline coccidiosis

Question 28

Sulfamethazine

Answer 28

Bovine diarrhea

Question 29

Sulfasalazine

Answer 29

Canine and feline IBD