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Pharmacology Fall 2016 > Beta-lactams I > Flashcards

Beta-lactams I Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 potentiators of penicillins?

A
  1. Clavulanate
  2. Sulbactam
  3. Tazobactam
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2
Q

What is the mechanism of action for amoxicillin?

A

Inhibit cell wall synthesis by inhibiting cross-linking of peptidoglycans

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3
Q

What is the spectrum of amoxicillin?

A

Gram (-) aerobes and all gram (+)

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4
Q

What are the 3 side effects of amoxicillin?

A
  1. Anaphylactic rxns
  2. Endotoxic shock
  3. Coagulopathy
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5
Q

Is amoxicillin well-absorbed orally or not?

A

Yes

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6
Q

Name 2 side effects of procaine penicillin in the horse?

A
  1. CNS excitement

2. Hemolytic anemia

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7
Q

Other than amoxicillin and clavulanic acid, what 3 combinations work well together?

A
  1. Ampicillin - sulbactam
  2. Ticarcillin - clavulanic acid
  3. Pipercillin - tazobactam
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8
Q

What are the 2 anti-staph aureus penicillins?

A
  1. Cloxacillin

2. Methicillin

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9
Q

What are the 2 anti-pseudomonas penicillins?

A
  1. Piperacillin

2. Ticarcillin

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10
Q

Which penicillin is beta-lactamase resistant?

A

Temocillin

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11
Q

Against which quadrants are benzylpenicillins effective?

A
  1. ALL anaerobes

2. Gram (+) aerobes

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12
Q

The spectrum of amoxicillin, ampicillin, and hetacillin are extended from that of penicillin G how?

A

Includes gram (-) aerobes

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13
Q

With which 2 penicillins can clavulanic acid be paired?

A
  1. Amoxicillin

2. Ticarcillin

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14
Q

What are the 5 uses of amoxicillin?

A
  1. Canine & feline pyoderma
  2. Cat bite abscesses
  3. Wounds
  4. Kitten URI
  5. UTI
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15
Q

What are the 3 uses of ampicillin?

A
  1. Bovine respiratory disease
  2. Clostridia
  3. Mastitis
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16
Q

What would you use to treat Pseudomonas otitis?

A

Ticacillin + clavulanic acid

17
Q

What are the 6 groups of penicillins?

A
  1. Benzylpenicillins
  2. Oral penicillins
  3. Anti-staph aureus
  4. Extended spectrum
  5. Anti-pseudomonas
  6. Beta-lactamase resistant
18
Q

What is the spectrum of benzylpenicillins?

A

All anaerobes and gram (+) aerobes

19
Q

What are 2 examples of benzylpenicillins?

A
  1. Benzathine

2. Penicillin G

20
Q

Which group of penicillins can NOT be administered orally?

A

Anti-staph aureus penicillins: Cloxacillin and methicillin

Pharmacology Fall 2016 (17 decks)

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