Beta-lactams I Flashcards
What are the 3 potentiators of penicillins?
- Clavulanate
- Sulbactam
- Tazobactam
What is the mechanism of action for amoxicillin?
Inhibit cell wall synthesis by inhibiting cross-linking of peptidoglycans
What is the spectrum of amoxicillin?
Gram (-) aerobes and all gram (+)
What are the 3 side effects of amoxicillin?
- Anaphylactic rxns
- Endotoxic shock
- Coagulopathy
Is amoxicillin well-absorbed orally or not?
Yes
Name 2 side effects of procaine penicillin in the horse?
- CNS excitement
2. Hemolytic anemia
Other than amoxicillin and clavulanic acid, what 3 combinations work well together?
- Ampicillin - sulbactam
- Ticarcillin - clavulanic acid
- Pipercillin - tazobactam
What are the 2 anti-staph aureus penicillins?
- Cloxacillin
2. Methicillin
What are the 2 anti-pseudomonas penicillins?
- Piperacillin
2. Ticarcillin
Which penicillin is beta-lactamase resistant?
Temocillin
Against which quadrants are benzylpenicillins effective?
- ALL anaerobes
2. Gram (+) aerobes
The spectrum of amoxicillin, ampicillin, and hetacillin are extended from that of penicillin G how?
Includes gram (-) aerobes
With which 2 penicillins can clavulanic acid be paired?
- Amoxicillin
2. Ticarcillin
What are the 5 uses of amoxicillin?
- Canine & feline pyoderma
- Cat bite abscesses
- Wounds
- Kitten URI
- UTI
What are the 3 uses of ampicillin?
- Bovine respiratory disease
- Clostridia
- Mastitis
What would you use to treat Pseudomonas otitis?
Ticacillin + clavulanic acid
What are the 6 groups of penicillins?
- Benzylpenicillins
- Oral penicillins
- Anti-staph aureus
- Extended spectrum
- Anti-pseudomonas
- Beta-lactamase resistant
What is the spectrum of benzylpenicillins?
All anaerobes and gram (+) aerobes
What are 2 examples of benzylpenicillins?
- Benzathine
2. Penicillin G
Which group of penicillins can NOT be administered orally?
Anti-staph aureus penicillins: Cloxacillin and methicillin
