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Pharmacology Fall 2016 > Introduction > Flashcards

Introduction Flashcards

1
Q

What are the (7) gram +, aerobic bacteria?

A
  1. Staphylococcus
  2. Streptococcus
  3. Rhodococcus
  4. Listeria monocytogenes
  5. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
  6. Truperella pyogenes
  7. Bacillus anthracis
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2
Q

What is the gram +, anaerobic bacteria?

A

Clostridium

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3
Q

What are the (9) gram -, aerobic bacteria?

A
  1. Bordetella
  2. Pseudomonas
  3. Pasteurella
  4. E. coli
  5. Klebsiella
  6. Salmonella
  7. Haemophilus
  8. Moraxella
  9. Campylobacter
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4
Q

What are the (4) gram -, anaerobic bacteria?

A
  1. Brachyspira
  2. Dichelobacter
  3. Bacteroides
  4. Fusobacterium
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5
Q

Which of the following is associated with a low volume of distribution: water solubility OR lipid solubility?

A

Water solubility

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6
Q

What are the 4 drug classes that are of LOW volume of distribution?

A
  1. Aminoglycosides
  2. Aminocyclitols
  3. Penicillins
  4. Sulfadimethoxine
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7
Q

What are the 3 drug classes that are of MEDIUM volume of distribution?

A
  1. Some cephalosporins
  2. Tetracyclines
  3. Sulfadiazine
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8
Q

What are the 5 drug classes that are of HIGH volume of distribution?

A
  1. Macrolides
  2. Doxycycline
  3. TMPS
  4. Fluoroquinolones
  5. Florfenicol
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9
Q

What 2 drug classes are based on their concentration above MIC?

A
  1. Aminoglycosides

2. Ketolides

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10
Q

What 6 drug classes are based on their time above MIC?

A
  1. Beta-lactams
  2. Cephalosporins
  3. Macrolides
  4. Lincosamides
  5. Sulfonamides
  6. Tetracyclines
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11
Q

What drug class is based on its AUC above MIC?

A

Fluoroquinolones

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12
Q

What are the 4 classes of bactericidal antimicrobials?

A
  1. Beta-lactams
  2. Aminoglycosides
  3. Nitrofurans
  4. Fluoroquinolones
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13
Q

What are the 4 classes of bacteriostatic antimicrobials?

A
  1. Sulfonamides
  2. Tetracyclines
  3. Macrolides
  4. Chloramphenicol
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14
Q

What are the 3 adverse effects in the dog associated with sulfa-related drugs?

A
  1. Hepatotoxicity
  2. KCS (dry eye)
  3. Bone marrow suppression
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15
Q

What are the 6 drugs that cause diarrhea in the horse?

A
  1. Tetracyclines
  2. Macrolides
  3. Florfenicol
  4. K-Pen
  5. Ceftiofur
  6. Lincosamides
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16
Q

Which drug can cause esophageal erosions in cats?

A

Doxycycline

17
Q

Which drug class should not be administered to growing pups, kittens, or foals?

A

Fluoroquinolones

18
Q

What 3 drug classes can cause renal failure?

A
  1. Aminoglycosides
  2. Tetracyclines
  3. Sulfa crystalluria
19
Q

Which drug class can cause ototoxicity in dogs, cats, horses, and rabbits?

A

Aminoglycosides

20
Q

What drug causes hyperthermia in the horse?

A

Erythromycin

21
Q

Which drugs are lethal in the horse?

A
  1. Doxycycline IV
  2. Procaine penicillin IV
  3. Monensin in feed
22
Q

Which drug is lethal in the pig?

A

Tilmicosin IV or parenteral

23
Q

Which antimicrobials are banned for extralabel use in food animals?

A
  1. Chloramphenicol
  2. Fluoroquinolones
  3. Ceftiofur
  4. Nitroimidazoles
  5. Dimetridazole
  6. Ipronidazole
  7. Nitrofurazones
  8. Glycopeptides
  9. Sulfonamides (lactating dairy cattle)
24
Q

What 5 compounds are potential risks to humans?

A
  1. Tilmicosin
  2. Carbapenems
  3. Glycopeptides
  4. Chloramphenicol
  5. Prostaglandins
25
Q

Why is Tilmicosin a risk to human health?

A

Cardiotoxic

26
Q

Why are Carbapenems and Glycopeptides risks to human health?

A

Antimicrobial resistance

27
Q

Why is Chloramphenicol a risk to human health?

A

Aplastic anemia

28
Q

Why are Prostaglandins a risk to human health?

A

Induce parturition in pregnant women

29
Q

Which 2 drugs would be ineffective in the presence of pus or debris?

A
  1. Sulfas

2. AGs

30
Q

Which drug would be ineffective in an aerobic environment?

A

Nitroimidizaoles

31
Q

Which 3 drugs would be ineffective in an anaerobic environment?

A
  1. AGs
  2. FQs
  3. Sulfas
32
Q

Which 4 drugs would be the “go-to’s” when treating an infection within a “privileged site”?

A
  1. Quinolones
  2. Chloramphenicol
  3. Florfenicol
  4. Macrolides

Pharmacology Fall 2016 (17 decks)

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