Introduction Flashcards
What are the (7) gram +, aerobic bacteria?
- Staphylococcus
- Streptococcus
- Rhodococcus
- Listeria monocytogenes
- Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
- Truperella pyogenes
- Bacillus anthracis
What is the gram +, anaerobic bacteria?
Clostridium
What are the (9) gram -, aerobic bacteria?
- Bordetella
- Pseudomonas
- Pasteurella
- E. coli
- Klebsiella
- Salmonella
- Haemophilus
- Moraxella
- Campylobacter
What are the (4) gram -, anaerobic bacteria?
- Brachyspira
- Dichelobacter
- Bacteroides
- Fusobacterium
Which of the following is associated with a low volume of distribution: water solubility OR lipid solubility?
Water solubility
What are the 4 drug classes that are of LOW volume of distribution?
- Aminoglycosides
- Aminocyclitols
- Penicillins
- Sulfadimethoxine
What are the 3 drug classes that are of MEDIUM volume of distribution?
- Some cephalosporins
- Tetracyclines
- Sulfadiazine
What are the 5 drug classes that are of HIGH volume of distribution?
- Macrolides
- Doxycycline
- TMPS
- Fluoroquinolones
- Florfenicol
What 2 drug classes are based on their concentration above MIC?
- Aminoglycosides
2. Ketolides
What 6 drug classes are based on their time above MIC?
- Beta-lactams
- Cephalosporins
- Macrolides
- Lincosamides
- Sulfonamides
- Tetracyclines
What drug class is based on its AUC above MIC?
Fluoroquinolones
What are the 4 classes of bactericidal antimicrobials?
- Beta-lactams
- Aminoglycosides
- Nitrofurans
- Fluoroquinolones
What are the 4 classes of bacteriostatic antimicrobials?
- Sulfonamides
- Tetracyclines
- Macrolides
- Chloramphenicol
What are the 3 adverse effects in the dog associated with sulfa-related drugs?
- Hepatotoxicity
- KCS (dry eye)
- Bone marrow suppression
What are the 6 drugs that cause diarrhea in the horse?
- Tetracyclines
- Macrolides
- Florfenicol
- K-Pen
- Ceftiofur
- Lincosamides
Which drug can cause esophageal erosions in cats?
Doxycycline
Which drug class should not be administered to growing pups, kittens, or foals?
Fluoroquinolones
What 3 drug classes can cause renal failure?
- Aminoglycosides
- Tetracyclines
- Sulfa crystalluria
Which drug class can cause ototoxicity in dogs, cats, horses, and rabbits?
Aminoglycosides
What drug causes hyperthermia in the horse?
Erythromycin
Which drugs are lethal in the horse?
- Doxycycline IV
- Procaine penicillin IV
- Monensin in feed
Which drug is lethal in the pig?
Tilmicosin IV or parenteral
Which antimicrobials are banned for extralabel use in food animals?
- Chloramphenicol
- Fluoroquinolones
- Ceftiofur
- Nitroimidazoles
- Dimetridazole
- Ipronidazole
- Nitrofurazones
- Glycopeptides
- Sulfonamides (lactating dairy cattle)
What 5 compounds are potential risks to humans?
- Tilmicosin
- Carbapenems
- Glycopeptides
- Chloramphenicol
- Prostaglandins
Why is Tilmicosin a risk to human health?
Cardiotoxic
Why are Carbapenems and Glycopeptides risks to human health?
Antimicrobial resistance
Why is Chloramphenicol a risk to human health?
Aplastic anemia
Why are Prostaglandins a risk to human health?
Induce parturition in pregnant women
Which 2 drugs would be ineffective in the presence of pus or debris?
- Sulfas
2. AGs
Which drug would be ineffective in an aerobic environment?
Nitroimidizaoles
Which 3 drugs would be ineffective in an anaerobic environment?
- AGs
- FQs
- Sulfas
Which 4 drugs would be the “go-to’s” when treating an infection within a “privileged site”?
- Quinolones
- Chloramphenicol
- Florfenicol
- Macrolides
