Substance Abuse- Drugs and Their Effects Flashcards
Benzo effects
Decreased BP
Memory impairment
Drowsiness
Confusion
Anterograde amnesia
GI effects
Urinary retention
Slurred speech
Poor coordination
Bloodshot eyes
Respiratory depression
Benzo withdrawal effects
Anxiety
Insomnia
Restlessness
Muscle tension
Irritability
Blurred vision
Diaphoresis
Nightmares
Depression
Paranoia
Hallucinations
Seizures
Psychosis
Benzo OD treatment
Flumazenil 0.2mg/min, up to 3mg max
Benzo withdrawal treatment
Taper dose depending on dose and duration
Barbiturate effects
Similar to benzos
Disinhibition
Mood lability
Unsteady gait
Slurred speech
Nystagmus
Amnesia
Poor judgment
Barbiturate withdrawal effects
Anxiety
N/V
Postural hypotension
Seizures
Delirium
Insomnia
Hyperpyrexia
Barbiturate OD treatment
Supportive care
Barbiturate withdrawal treatment
Taper, change to a longer acting barb and taper, sub anticonvulsant
GHB effects
Amnesia
Hypotonia
Coma
Seizures
Respiratory depression
Vomiting
GHB withdrawal effects
Agitation
Mental status changes
Elevated BP, HR
Tachycardia
GHB OD treatment
Supportive care, ventilation, oxygen, intubation, fluids, thiamine
DXM effects
Heightened sense of perceptual awareness
Altered time perception
Visual hallucinations
Hyperexcitability
Lethargy
Ataxia
Slurred speech
Sweating
HTN
Nystagmus
DXM abuse effects
death, brain damage, seizure, loss of consciousness, irregular heartbeat
Cocaine effects
Euphoria, elation, grandiosity
Loquacity
Alertness
Mydriasis
Change in BP, tachycardia
Sweat/chills
N/V
Decreased fatigue
Paranoia
Aggression
Motor agitation
Cocaine toxicity effects
cardiac arrest, MI, stroke, arrhythmia, seizures, hyperthermia
Nasal septum ulceration
Kindling- potentiate psychosis, hallucination
Cocaine withdrawal effects
Depression
Fatigue
Nightmares
Sleep disturbances
Increased appetite
Bradyarrhythmia
Tremor
Cocaine OD treatment
Supportive care, lorazepam, haldol, antiarrhythmic agents as needed for cardiac effects
Amphetamine effects
Decreased fatigue
Alertness, awake
Decreased appetite
Increased activity
Increased respiration
Hyperthermia
Irritability
Insomnia
Confusion
Tremor
Convulsions
Anxiety
Paranoia
Aggression
Stroke, MI arrhythmia
Meth mouth
Amphetamine withdrawal effects
Fatigue, depression, cognitive impairment
Amphetamine OD treatment
Supportive care, haldol, lorazepam
Ecstasy (MDMA) effects
Empathy
Relaxation
Party/rave
Suppress need to eat, sleep, drink
Euphoria
Decreased inhibitions
Anxiety
Paranoia
Irrational
Psychosis
Wanting to touch shit
Muscle tension
Faint
Chills, sweat
Increased HR and BP
Hyperthermia
PCP effects
Euphoria
Delusion
Hostility
Hallucinations
Emotional lability
PCP effects at low doses
sedation, ataxia, nystagmus, slurred speech, paresthesia
PCP effects at high doses
increased BP, HR, temperature, diaphoresis, muscle rigidity, seizure, coma
Ketamine effects
Increased BP, HR
Hallucinations
Vivid dreams
Delirium
Respiratory depression
Hypertonia
Dystonia
Seizures
Neuropathy
Cardiac arrest
Psychedelic effects
LSD effects
Mydriasis
Increased temp, HR, BP
Loss of appetite
Sleeplessness
Dry mouth
Tremor
Blurred vision
Dizziness
Weakness
Hallucinations
Sensory crossover
Flashbacks
Perceptual intensification
Depersonalization
LSD OD treatment
Supportive care, lorazepam, haldol
Marijuana effects
Bronchioles relax and enlarge, blood vessels dilate
Bloodshot eyes
Pleasant sensations
More intense sensations
Time passes slowly
Euphoria
Hunger
Thirst
Dry mouth
Tachycardia
Fear, distrust, panic
Decreased coordination, balance, decreased memory, reaction time
Amenorrhea
Respiratory complications
Decreased testosterone, spermatogenesis
Inhalants effects
Nausea, headache, deprive brain of oxygen, arrhythmia, suffocation, brain damage, neuropathies, encephalopathy, impaired pulmonary, renal, hepatic function, decreased BP, loss of coordination, slurred speech
Krokodil SQ effects
local tissue damage (ulcers, skin necrosis, infection)
Krokodil OD effects
slow shallow breathing, small pupils, slurred speech, pale face, blue lips/nails, choking/gurgling
Bath salt effects
Euphoria, energy, alertness
Bath salt intoxication effects
combativeness, hallucinations, agitation, paranoia, confusion, myoclonus, seizures
Bath salts OD effects
tachycardia, HTN, agitated delirium, diaphoresis, mydriasis, hyperthermia
Bath salt OD treatment
IV benzos, fluid resuscitation, sedation
Kratom effects at lower doses
Alertness, physical activity, talkativeness, social behavior
Kratom effects at higher doses
Opiate effects at higher doses plus sedation and euphoria (nausea, itching, swearing, dry mouth, constipation, increased urination, loss of appetite)
Non-opiate pain management options
Local pain relief, APAP, neuropathic pain with TCAs, gabapentin/pregabalin
