Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Summer 2017-Oral Medicine Final > Substance Abuse > Flashcards

Substance Abuse Flashcards

1
Q

___ is the most common drug of abuse

A

alcohol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Alcohol

A
  1. CNS depressant
  2. teratogen (fetal alcohol syndrome)
  3. affects judgement, concentration, coordination
  4. 25% of auto accidents
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Dental Aspects - Alcohol

A
  1. impaired informed consent
  2. erratic appointments
  3. aggressive behavior
  4. anemia/thrombocytopenia
  5. drug interactions
  6. altered drug metabolism (especially drugs that are metabolized by the liver)
  7. avoid general anesthesia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Aspirin and NSAIDs should be avoided for patients with __

A

alcohol dependency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Poor wound healing, sialosis, leukoplakia, and squamous cell cacinoma are characteristic of ___

A

alcohol dependency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Amphetamines

A
  1. euphoriant
  2. counters fatigue
  3. weight loss
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Elevated BP, hyperpyrexia, insomnia, anorexia, hallucinations/paranoia, hyposalivation, rampant caries, and bruxism are characteristic of patients with __

A

amphetamine dependency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Barbiturates

A
  1. sedative-hypnotics
  2. treaty anxiety and insomnia (not commonly used today)
  3. cause respiratory depression, bradycardia, impaired cognition
  4. narrow therapeutic index
  5. often mixed with other recreational drug (heroin)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Therapeutic Index

A

How much of the drug is required to get the desired affect from the drug?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Benzodiazopenes

A
  1. anxiolytics
  2. psychological effects (relatively) less severe
  3. rapid physical dependence
  4. insomnia, paradoxical anxiety (makes you more anxious instead of less), anorexia, occasional psychotic episodes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cocaine

A
  1. common drug of abuse
  2. profound, immediate CNS effects
    * *hyperstimulation
    * *diminished fatigue
    * *diminished appetite
    * *feeling of well-being
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Cocaine mimics __

A

adrenaline

1 dilated pupils

  1. peripheral constriction
  2. hyperpyrexia
  3. tachycardia
  4. hypertension
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Paranoia, visual hallucinations, formication (itchy sensation), cardiovascular effects, respiratory depression, ischemic necrosis (perforated septum and hard palate) is characteristic of __

A

cocaine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the withdrawl symptoms of cocaine?

A
  1. depression
  2. sleep craving
  3. fatigue
  4. recurrence of craving
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cocaine - Dental Aspects

A
  1. blood-borne infections
  2. xerostomia
  3. bruxism
  4. dental erosion
  5. NO EPI for 2 hours after last use
  6. best to treat 6 hours after last use
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

__ is the second most commonly abused substance

A

marijuana

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Marijuana

A
  1. influence pleasure, memory, thought, concentration, sensory/time perception
  2. impaired attention, memory, learning
  3. 50-70% more carcinogens that tobacco**
    4 impaired immune function, increased risk of MI, respiratory infection, fetal neurological maldevelopment
  4. xerostomia, increased appetite, oral leukoplakia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Opioid analgesics

A
  1. morphine

2. heroin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Synthetic opioids

A
  1. methadone

2. codeine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Clinical Aspects - Opiates and Opioids

A
  1. analgesia
  2. respiratory depression
  3. nausea
  4. decreased GI motility**
  5. sedation
  6. addiction
  7. CNS depression/sleepiness
  8. euphoria
  9. constricted pupils
  10. impaired mental function
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Weight loss, self-neglect, needle marks, drug tolerance is characteristic of __

A

analgesic and opioid addicts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Dental Aspects - Opiates and Opioids

A
  1. significant dental neglect
  2. cariogenic diet
  3. pain control is difficult
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Ischemic necrosis (hole in septum and hard palate)

A

cocaine

24
Q

altered drug metabolism (especially drugs that are metabolized by liver)

A

alcohol

25
Q

Elevated BP

A

amphetamine

26
Q

Hyperpyrexia

A

amphetamine

27
Q

Insomnia

A

amphetamine, Benzodiazopenes

28
Q

Anorexia

A

amphetamine

29
Q

Hallucinations/paranoia

A

amphetamine

30
Q

Hyposalivation

A

amphetamine

31
Q

Rampant caries

A

amphetamine

32
Q

Bruxism

A

amphetamine

33
Q

Sedative-hynotics

A

Barbiturates

34
Q

treats anxiety and insomnia

A

Barbiturates

35
Q

respiratory depression, bradycardia, impaired cognition

A

Barbiturates

36
Q

narrow therapeutic index

A

Barbiturates

37
Q

often mixed with heroin

A

Barbiturates

38
Q

Anxiolytics

A

Benzodiazopenes

39
Q

psychological effects LESS severe

A

Benzodiazopenes

40
Q

paradoxical anxiety

A

Benzodiazopenes

41
Q

anorexia

A

Benzodiazopenes

42
Q

psychotic episodes

A

Benzodiazopenes

43
Q

Paranoia/visual hallucination

A

cocaine

44
Q

itchy sensation

A

cocaine

45
Q

cardiovascular effects

A

cocaine

46
Q

respiratory depression

A

cocaine

47
Q

influences pleasure, memory, thought, concentration, sensory/time perception

A

marijuana

48
Q

50-70% more carcinogens than tobacco

A

marijuana

49
Q

impaired immune funtion

A

marijuana

50
Q

increased risk of MI

A

mairjuana

51
Q

respiratory infection

A

marijuana

52
Q

fetal neurological mal-development

A

marijuana

53
Q

decreased GI motility

A

opiates and opioids

54
Q

significant dental neglect

A

opiates and opioids

55
Q

cariogenic diet

A

opiates and opioids

Summer 2017-Oral Medicine Final (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions