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Summer 2017-Oral Medicine Final > Infections and Infestations > Flashcards

Infections and Infestations Flashcards

1
Q

Actinomycosis

A
  1. LUMPY JAW
  2. cervicofacial varient (most common)
  3. draining posterior mandibular sinuses
  4. SULFUR GRANULES
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2
Q

MRSA

A
  1. resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics
  2. spread via person-to-person contact
  3. common hospital acquired infection
  4. community-acquired MRSA
    * *IVDUs
    * *children in day care
    * *athletes
    * *military
    * *inmates
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3
Q

Tetanus

A
  1. deep puncture wound contaminated with clostridium tetani
  2. non-communicable
  3. muscular spasms (“lock jaw”)
  4. treat with anti-tetanus Ig, tetanus toxoid
  5. 60% mortality in untreated cases from asphyxia, autonomic dysfunction, bronchial pneumonia
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4
Q

Bites

A
  1. domestic dogs/cats
  2. non-immunized domestic pets and wild animals (rabies)
  3. human bites (hep and HIV risk)
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5
Q

Enteroviruses

A
  1. multiply in gut
  2. fecal-oral transmission
  3. life-long immunity following infection
  4. Hep A
  5. poliomyelitis
  6. herpangina (NOT related to herpes virus)
    * *posterior soft palate
    * *oral pharyngeal ulcers
    * *constitutional symptoms
    * *symptomatic tx
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6
Q

Hand, Foot , and Mouth Disease

A
  1. enterovirus
  2. widespread oral ulcers
  3. resemble primary herpetic gingivostomatitis
  4. constitutional symptoms
  5. symptomatic tx
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7
Q

HHV-Type 1

A
  1. primary herpes
    * *gingiovastomatitis in children
    * *often asymptomatic
    * *latent virus in trigeminal ganglion
    * *fever blisters
    * *cold sores
  2. recurrent herpes
    * *viral reactivation
    * *multiple stimuli: UV radiation, trauma
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8
Q

HHV-Type 2

A
  1. secondary herpes
  2. genital herpes
  3. oral lesions identical to HHV Type 1
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9
Q

Varicella Zoster-Type 3

A
  1. tertiary herpes virus
  2. chicken pox
    * *primary infection: virus resides in nerve cell bodies
  3. shingles (herpes zoster)
    * *recurrent infection: dermatomal distribution
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10
Q

EBV-Type 4

A

herpes virus

  1. mononucleosis
    * *kissing
    * *PALATAL PETECHIAE
  2. Burkitt lymphoma
    * *African children
    * *massive mandibular swelling
  3. nasopharyngeal carcinoma
    * *Asians
  4. hairy leukoplakia
    * *hairy leukoplakia
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11
Q

Cytomegalovirus-Type 5

A

herpes virus

  1. teratogenic
  2. retinitis-AIDS
  3. oral aphthae-AIDS
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12
Q

HIV-type 6

A

herpes virus

exanthum suitum

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13
Q

HHV-type 7

A

herpes virus

roseola infantum

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14
Q

HHV-type 8

A

herpes virus

Kaposi sarcoma

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15
Q

Measles

A
  1. resurgence due to lack of vaccination
  2. KOPLIK SPOTS
    3 significant cause of death in third world countries
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16
Q

Molluscum contagiosum

A

umbilicated facial papules

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17
Q

Mumps

A
  1. resurgence due to lack of vaccination
  2. PAROTID ENLARGMENT
  3. male sterility in adults
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18
Q

HPV

A
  1. epitheliotrophic viruses (>100)
  2. verucca vulgaris (kin warts)
  3. condyloma acuminatum (genital warts)
  4. oral mucosal papillomas
  5. oral pharyngeal carcinoma (HPV 16, 18)
  6. adolescent vaccination
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19
Q

Rubella (German Measles)

A

infection during first trimester is teratogenic

  1. deafness
  2. learning disabilities
  3. retinopathy
    4 cardiac malformations
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20
Q

Candidiasis

A
  1. acute pesudomembranous (thrush)
  2. erythematous (denture-related)
  3. angular chelitis
  4. candidal leukoplakia
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21
Q

Tinea

A

dermatophytes

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22
Q

Tinea barbae

A

barber itch

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23
Q

Tinea capitis

A

ringworm

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24
Q

Tinea cruris

A

jock itch

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25
Q

Tinea pedis

A

athlete’s itch

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26
Q

Aspergillosis

A

lungs/sinuses

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27
Q

Coccidiomycosis

A

AIDS

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28
Q

Histoplasmosis

A

MOST FREQUENT systemic mycosis in US

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29
Q

Mucormycosis

A
  1. rhinocerebral form

2. common in poorly controlled diabetes

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30
Q

Crytpsporidiosis

A
  1. caused by cryptosporidium
  2. fecal conatimation of drinking water
  3. resistant to chlorine
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31
Q

Amebiasis

A
  1. entamoeba histolytica

2. amoebic dysentery

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32
Q

Giardiasis

A
  1. giardia lamblia

2. fecal contamination of drinking water

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33
Q

Leishmaniasis

A
  1. found in blood-sucking sandlfies (intermediate host)
  2. mucocutaneous
    * *purific facial (nasal papule)–>enlarging ulcer
    * *slow healing–>3-12 months with scarring
  3. visceral
    * *fever splenomegaly, anemia, wasting
    * *potentially fatal
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34
Q

Malaria

A
  1. most common parasitic infection world-wide
  2. transmitted by mosquitos
  3. multiple species of Plasmodium
  4. infets RBCs–>hemolysis
  5. hyperexia, rigors, chills
35
Q

Toxoplasmosis

A
  1. GI parasite, especially CATS

2. teratogenic–>avoid CAT LITTER if pregnant`

36
Q

Cysticercosis

A
  1. AKA tapeworm
  2. cysticercus cellulosae
  3. infected pork
37
Q

Filariasis

A
  1. transmitted via blood-sucking insects
  2. onchocerciasis
    * *facial lesion
    * *river blindness (Africa)
  3. Wucheria bancrofti
    * *lymphatic
    * *elephantiasis
38
Q

Larvis migrans

A
  1. AKA HOOKWORM

2. animal GI system–>ova in fees–>soil–>larvae infects humans–>wander in tissue

39
Q

Trichinosis

A
  1. MOST FREQUENT roundworm infestation affecting muscle
  2. contaminated pork (not common in US)
  3. may affect tongue and masseter
    * *calcify, appear as radiopaque nodules
40
Q

Mites

A

sarcoptes scabei (scabies)

  1. burrows under skin (lays eggs)
  2. pruritic inflammatory response
41
Q

Cat Scratch Disease (Bartonella henselae)

A
  1. constitutional symptoms

2. cranial, cervical, axillary lymphadenopathy

42
Q

Pneumocystis carinii

A

AIDS pneumonia

43
Q

Lumpy jaw

A

Actinomycosis

44
Q

Draining posterior mandibular sinuses

A

Actinomycosis

45
Q

Sulfur granules

A

Actinomycosis

46
Q

Resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics

A

MRSA

47
Q

Muscular spasms (lock jaw)

A

tetanus

48
Q

Enterovirus multiples __

A

in gut

49
Q

Fecal-oral transmission

A

enteroviruses

50
Q

Life-long immunity following infection

A

enteroviruses

51
Q

Poliomyelitis

A

enteroviruses

52
Q

Posterior soft palate

A

herpangina

53
Q

Oral pharyngeal ulcers

A

herpangina

54
Q

Hand, foot, mouth disease

A

enterovirus

55
Q

Widespread oral ulcers

A

Hand, foot, mouth disease

56
Q

Resembles herpetic gingovostomatitis

A

Hand, foot, mouth disease

57
Q

Primary herpes

A

HHV-Type 1

58
Q

Gingivostomatitis in children

A

HHV-Type 1

59
Q

Latent virus in trigeminal ganglion

A

HHV-Type 1

60
Q

Fever blisters/cold sores

A

HHV-Type 1

61
Q

Secondary herpes

A

HHV-Type 2

62
Q

Genital herpes

A

HHV-Type 2

63
Q

Oral lesions identical to HHV-Type 1

A

HHV-Type 2

64
Q

Tertiary Herpes Virus

A

Varicella Zoster

65
Q

Chicken Pox

A

Varicella Zoster, Tertiary Herpes Virus

66
Q

Virus resides in nerve cell bodies

A

Chicken pox

67
Q

Dermatomal distribution

A

Shingles

68
Q

Kissing

A

monomucleosis

69
Q

Palatal petechiae

A

mononucleosis

70
Q

African children

A

Burkitt lymphoma

71
Q

Massive mandibular swelling

A

Burkitt lymphoma

72
Q

Asians

A

nasopharyngeal carcinoma

73
Q

Koplik spots

A

Measles

74
Q

Parotid enlargement

A

Mumps

75
Q

Male sterility in adults

A

Mumps

76
Q

Sandflies

A

Leishmaniasis

77
Q

Blood-sucking insects

A

Filariasis

78
Q

Facial lesions, river blindness (Africa)

A

Onchocerciasis

79
Q

Lymphatic, elephantitis

A

Wucheria bancrofti

80
Q

Most frequent roundworm infestation infecting muscle

A

Trichinosis

81
Q

Affects tongue and massester (radiopaque nodules)

A

Trichinosis

82
Q

Larvis migrans

A

Hookworm

83
Q

Scabies

A

Mites

Summer 2017-Oral Medicine Final (17 decks)

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