Allergies

Question 1

Anaphylaxis

Answer 1

1. Type I (IgE-mediated)

2. Ex: latex (rare) and drugs

Question 2

Contact Allergies

Answer 2

1. Type IV (cell mediated

2. Ex: latex, dental materials

Question 3

Type I Allergy

Answer 3

1. rapid onset
2. wheezing, breathlessness–>histamine constricts brochioles
3. sneezing, runny nose, itching, urticaria
4. bronchospasm–>hypertension–>angioedema–>anaphylactic shock

Question 4

Type IV Allergy

Answer 4

1. slower onset

2. inflammation at contact site

Question 5

How to determine the specific allergen?

Answer 5

1. patch test
2. elimination diet
3. specific serum IgE levels

Question 6

Avoidance of allergenes

Answer 6

1. latex
2. drugs (penicillin)
3. foods (peanuts, shellfish)
4. insects

Question 7

What drugs are given for allergies?

Answer 7

1. antihistamines
2. Epi Pen
3. brochodilators
4. corticosteroids

Question 8

Allergic Rhinitis is AKA __

Answer 8

hay fever

Question 9

Hay Fever - Clinical Features

Answer 9

1. itchy eyes, nose, throat
2. sneezing and coughing
3. nasal congestion and discharge
4. lacrimation

Question 10

Hay Fever - Management

Answer 10

1. avoid allergies
2. chromoglycate
3. anti-histamines
4. corticosteroids

Question 11

Hay Fever - Dental Aspects

Answer 11

1. mouth breathers–>gingival hyperplasia
2. hyposalivation
3. candidiasis

Question 12

Allergic Angioedema

Answer 12

1. foods
2. drugs
3. pollen, pet dander, insect stings

Question 13

Non-allergic Angioedema

Answer 13

1. hereditary
2. idiopathic
3. medication related

Question 14

Angioedema - Clinical Features

Answer 14

1. rapid onset
2. associated urticaria
3. non-pitting edema of head and neck, genitalia, extremities
4. dyspnea
5. anaphylaxis

Question 15

Angioedema - General Management

Answer 15

1. determine etiology
2. anti-histamines
3. H2 blockers
4. corticosteroids
5. epinephrine
6. anti-IgE drugs

Question 16

Angioedema - Dental Aspects

Answer 16

1. airway embarassment
2. potential anesthetic etiology
3. thrush secondary to corticosteroid use
4. cushingoid symptoms secondary to corticosteroid use
5. hyposalivation

Question 17

Food Allergy

Answer 17

1. increasing incidence (3-4% of adults)
2. family history
3. lower incidence in breast fed infants

Question 18

Children are frequently allergic to __

Answer 18

1. eggs
2. milk
3. peanuts

Question 19

Adults are frequently allergic to __

Answer 19

1. shellfish
2. fish
3. nuts
4. eggs

Question 20

Food Allergy - Clinical Features

Answer 20

1. oral itching sensation
2. vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain
3. hypotension
4. urticaria
5. bronchospasm

Question 21

Food Allergy - Management

Answer 21

1. dietary history
2. skin tests
3. double-blind food challenges
4. dietary avoidane
5. anti-histamines
6. brochidilators
7. EpiPen

Question 22

Latex allergies affect __ (percent)

Answer 22

1% of general public, 15% of health care workers

Question 23

__ is the most common sensitizer in rubber soles of shoes

Answer 23

latex

Question 24

Synthetic rubber is/is not sensitizing

Answer 24

is NOT

Question 25

Latex allergies are usually __ (type) hypersensitivity

Answer 25

Type IV

RARELY TYPE 1

Question 26

Latex Allergy - Clinical Features

Answer 26

1. itching
2. redness
3. swelling
4. asthmatic