Materials and Drugs Flashcards
Chlorhexidine Allergy
- rare allergy
- antiseptic/disinfectant
- treat like latex allergy
Metal allergies
- gold alloys: rare
- mercury amalgam: silver, tin, copper, zinc–>Lichenoid rxn
- Nickel: nickel titanium orthodontic wire, jewelry
- titanium: rare
Dental cement allergies are rare/common
rare
- zinc phosphate
- zinc oxide and eugenol
- polycaroxylate
- glass ionomer
Bis-phenol A allergy in dental sealants and composites
- in vitro estrogenic activity
- obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, polycystic ovaries, low sperm count
- SMALL amount of leaching compared to plastic bottles and can liners
- NO basis for dental concern
Zinc in Polygrip and Fixodent
- absorption potentially causes copper deficiency
- can lead to myelopathy and polyneuropathy WHEN NOT USED IN ACCORDING TO MANUFACTURER’S DIRECTIONS
- Sln - reformulate products to “zinc free”
__ is the level of water fluoridation in WI
0.7 ppm
Fluoridation
No relationship to
- bladder cancer or osteosarcoma
- bone strength, mineral density, bone fracture
Mercury
high levels are neurotoxic and nephrotoxic
__ mercury poisoning is the most common
organic
ex: industrial pollution gets into fish
Inorganic mercury salt poisoning is rare/common
rare
- acrodynia: exfoliation, hypersalivation, muscular, hypotonia, peripheral edema
- GI ulceration, necrosis
- renal failure
Metallic mercury
- neurotoxic and nephrotic
- mining
- santeria - Carribean religious practice
- accidents
- suicide
Acute Mercury Toxicity
rare
- penumonitis
- CNS symptoms (tremors, excitability)
Chronic mercury toxicity
rare
- tremor
- incoordination
- polyneuropathies
- senility
- anorexia
- weight loss
- accelerated periodontal disease, gingival pigmentation
Mercury Hygiene
- no hand trituration of amalgam
- no carpeting in dental operatories
- no handling of amalgam scraps
- common sense
Amalgam emits mercury vapor when __
- chewing
- eating
- tooth brushing
- drinking hot liquids
- H2O2
- amalgam removal
__ (states) have statuatory informed consent for amalgam
- CA
- CT
- ME
- VT
Amalgam is illegal in __ (country)
Scandinavia
Mercury disposal
- amalgam separators (95% effective)
2. amalgam disposal
Water tx plants are __ (percent) effective in removing mercury
90%