Subjunctive Present et passé Flashcards
Present subjunctive is a mood. It determines how one views an event. The Subjunctive mood refers to someone’s OPINION or hypothetical actions.
Form Present subjunctive by adding endings e, es, e, ion, Iez, ent to the stem of the ils/elles form and dropping the ent. For Je, Tu, il, Ils
Pensent = pens + subjunctive endings
Parler - to speak
subjunctive for
Je Tu il Elle Ils elles
Je parle - i think
Tu parles - i think
Il parle he thinks
Ils parlent - They speak
To conjugate nous and vous for present subjunctive, drop -ons from first person present indicative nous form and add imparfait ending ions, Iez. It is identical to imparfait. parlons = parl + ions = parlions
Nous pensions - we speak
Vous pensiez - you speak.
Conjugate dire - to say in present subjunctive.
Ils disent (Je, Tu, il, Ils) Nous disons (nous, vous)
Je…
Je dise - i say Tu dises- you say Il dise - he says Nous disions - we say Vous disiez - you say Ils disent - They say
Conjugate Mettre - to put
In present Subjunctive
Ils mettent (Je, Tu, il, Ils) Nous mettons (nous vous)
Je..
Je mette - I put Tu mettes - you put Il mette - he put Nous mettions - we put Vous mettiez - you put Ils mettent - they put
Être is irregular in present subjunctive.
Must memorize.
Je..
Je sois - I am Tu sois - you are Il soit - he is Nous soyons - we are Vous soyez - you are Ils soient - they are
Avoir is irregular in present subjunctive.
Must memorize
Je..
J'ai Tu aies Il ait Nous ayons Vous ayez Ils aient
Pouvoir, Savoir, fair have irregular stem but regular endings
Must memorize.
Pouvoir:
Je puisse - i can Tu puisses - you can Il puisse - he can Nous puissions - we can Vous puissiez - you can Ils puissent - They can
Pouvoir, Savoir, fair have irregular stem but regular endings
Must memorize.
Savoir
Je sache - i know Tu saches - you know Il sache - he knows Nous sachions - we know Vous sachiez - you know Ils sachent - They know
Pouvoir, Savoir, fair have irregular stem but regular endings
Must memorize.
Faire
Je fasse - i do Tu fasses - he do Il fasse - he does Nous fassions - we do Vous fassiez - you do Ils fassent - They do
Aller and vouloir - to want are irregular present subjunctive.
Must memorize.
Aller
J'aille - i go Tu ailles - you go Il aille - he goes Nous allions - we go Vous alliez - you go Ils aillent - They go
Aller and vouloir - to want are irregular present subjunctive.
Must memorize.
Vouloir
Je veuille - i want Tu veuilles - you want Il veuille - he wants Nous voulions - we want Vous vouliez - you want Ils veuillent - They want
Subjunctive has three main concepts and que always precedes it
To express
1.
2.
3.
To express
- Wish
- Emotion
- Doubt
Compare the following.
I want to buy this computer
I want you to buy (wish) this computer.
Je veux acheter cet ordinateur
Je veux que tu achètes cet ordinateur
Compare.
Vous désirez suivre un cours d’informatique
Vous désirez que nous suivions un cours d’informatique
You want to take a computer science class
You want us to take a computer science class
souhaiter - to wish
She wishes you would go to France
Elle souhaite que tu ailles en France
He is asking us to be more efficient
Il demande que nous soyons plus efficaces.
Subjonctive is uses to express emotion.
I am sorry he can’t be here.
Je regrette qu’il ne puisse pas être ici.
Subjonctive is uses to express emotion.
We are delighted you are vacationing here
Nous sommes ravis que tu prennes tes vacances ici.
Subjonctive is uses to express emotion.
I am happy you are coming In Sunday
Je suis contant que tu viennes dimanche.
Subjunctive is used to express doubt.
I doubt he knows what he’s doing
Je ne pense pas qu’il sache ce qu’il fait
Subjunctive is used to express doubt.
She doesn’t think you find their project interesting.
Elle ne croit pas que vous trouviez leur projet intéressant.
Subjunctive is used to express doubt.
I doubt he understands your questions
Je doubt qu’il comprenne vos questions.
The two verbs Croire - to believe and Penser - to think in the negative and interrogative, the subjunctive can be used to underline the uncertainty of the event.
Ex
Je ne croit pas que Daniel est coupable - i dont think Daniel is guilty. It means “I am sure he is innocent”
Je ne crois pas que Daniel soit coupable - i dont think Daniel is guilty - actually indicates there is some doubt about his guilt or innocence and can he heard in the intonation or context.
Past subjunctive is used the same way as the present.
Form it by using the present subjunctive of être or Avoir + the past participle of the main verb.
Penser conjugate:
J'aie pensé: i have thought Tu aies pensé Il ait pensé Nous ayons pensé: we have thought Vous ayez pensé Ils aient pensé
Past subjunctive
Conjugate Venir
Je sois venu - i have come Tu sois venu - you have come Il soit venu: you have come Nous soyons venu Vous soyez venu Ils soient venu
Pourvu que - has the sense of “provided that”
Il ira pourvu que vous le directeur lui donne une augmentation de salaire
He will go provided that the director gives him a raise
When pourvu que is in a single clause it takes a
Different meaning. It means LET’S HOPE! And the subjunctive follows it
let’s hope they have the address!
Pourvu qu’ils aient l’adresse!
The subjunctive is also used after exaggerated expressions of adjectives such as premier, dernier, le meilleur, la pire, unique, seul..
Ils the worst thing that could ever happen to him!
C’est la pire chose qui puisse lui arriver
