Prepositions Flashcards

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1
Q

Grâce à is positive, à cause de is negative and en raison de is neutral. All meaning …

A

thanks to or because of

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2
Q

à même

A

straight from, next to

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3
Q

à même: Ne bois pas à même la bouteille!

A

Don’t drink straight from the bottle

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4
Q

à même: Elle porte toujours ses pulls à même la peau

A

She always wears her sweaters next to her skin

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5
Q

à même: Le sans-abri dormait à même le sol

A

The homeless man was sleeping on the bare ground.

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6
Q

Fleur is often encountered as a noun but as a preposition “à fleur de” means:

Il a les nerfs à fleurs de peau

A

He is a bundle of nerves

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7
Q

à fleur de: Elle s une sensibilité à fleur de peau

A

She is very touchy

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8
Q

à fleur de: L’écueil est à fleur d’eau

A

The reef is just above the water

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9
Q

To express geographical names: With cities à is used.

A

Nous sommes à Dakar: We are in Dakar

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10
Q
To express geographical names: With Countries, states, provinces:
En : feminine
En: masculine beginning with vowel
au: masculine beginning with consonant
aux plural
A

Elly voyagera en Allemagne puis en Italie. Ils ont vécu en Iran et en Afghanistan.
J’ai travaillé au Japon et au Brésil. Irez-vous aux États-Unis cet été?

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11
Q

With French provinces and departments before a feminine noun or masculine beginning with vowel EN is used.

A

la Bourgogne: en Bourgogne

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12
Q

With French provinces and departments before a masculine noun beginning with a consonant, “dans le” is often used instead of au

A

le Poitou: dans le poitou

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13
Q

Sometimes we need to differentiate between a city or state:

A

Il est né à Washington

Elle voyage dans l’État de Washington

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14
Q

à is often used for islands or aux plural

A

à Cuba, à Hawaii, à Madagascar, à Tahiti, aux Maldives

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15
Q

à is often used for islands or aux plural EXCEPTIONS include

A

en Guadeloupe, en Haïti, en Martinique

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16
Q

Geographical origin is expressed by de for continents, feminine singular country names, provinces, regions, and states:

A

Elle revient d’Australie
Il est originaire de Californie
Je reviens tout juste du Japon
Il vient des Antilles

17
Q

à follows “le seule”, la seule, les seule or nombreux

A

Vous êtes le seule à me comprendre “you are the only one who understands me.”
Les gens sont nombreux à être inquiets. Numerous people are worried

18
Q

à follows an original number: le premier, la première, le deuxième , le dernier, la dernière, les dernières

A

Nous sommes les premiers à arriver et les derniers à partir

19
Q

Adjectives preceded by trop or assez take Pour before the following infinitive:

  • C’est trop beau pour être vrai
  • Tu es assez grand pour comprendre ça
A

That’s too good to be true

you are old enough to understand this

20
Q
The infinitive is used after mercy and the infinitive is proceeded by de:
Thanks for spoking outside
Thanks for being with us
Thanks for calling
Thanks for inviting me
A

Merci de fumer dehors
Merci d’être avec nous
Merci d’avoir appelé
Merci de m’avoir invité(e)

21
Q

a fini par - finally or eventually
Il a fini par lui dire la vérité
Elle a fini par accepter

A

He finally told her the truth

She finally accepted

22
Q

manquer - to miss, takes the meaning to lack as well
Je ne manque de rien
Tu manques de générosité Paris me manque

A

I lack nothing
You lack generosity
I miss Paris

23
Q

The preposition WITH when referring to an attribute of a person or thing is translated by à + the definite article (le, la, les)
“The man with the green eyes is an actor”

A

L’homme aux yeux verts est acteur

The young woman with the leather jacket is his niece. La jeune file au blouson de cuir set sa nièce

24
Q

To describe how to do something WITH is translated by de
I thanked him with a smile
He left the room with a sad look

A

Je l’ai remercié d’un sourire

Il a quitté la salle d’un air triste

25
Q

To describe a way of doing something or carrying oneself With is left untranslated:
“She is looking at him with wide eyes”

A

Elle le regarde, les yeux écarquillés

26
Q

Some adjectives using with in english take de in french
He is happy with his lot
She is happy with her new job

A

Il est satisfait de son sort

Elle est contente de son nouvel emploi

27
Q

When expressing time: DANS is used to express actions about to begin. and EN describes duration

I will be back in five minutes
The child can read a book within a fe hours

A

Je reviens dans cinq minutes

Cet enfant peut lire un livre en quelques heures

28
Q

In referring to time à is used for hours of the day and en is used for months, years, seasons except for spring:

They arrive at noon
Victor takes his vacation in summer

A

Ils sont arrivés à midi

Victor prend ses vacances en été

29
Q

transportation: à is used with
aller à pied
aller à bicyclette
aller à cheval

A

to go on foot
to go by bicycle
to ride

30
Q

Transportation: En is used

aller en autobus, autocar, avion, bateau, métro, train, voiture

A

Aller en avion etc

31
Q

Different between EN and DANS in distinguishing between general and specific:
À Paris, je circule en métro
Hiere, j’au vu Arnaud dans le métro

A

In Paris, I travel by subway

Yesterday I saw Arnaud in the subway

32
Q
à denotes nature, function, or purpose. de denotes contents or composition
un verre à eau
un verre d'eau 
un tasse à thé
un tasse de thé
A

A water glass
A glass of water
a tea cup
a cup of tea