Present Participle And Gerund Flashcards
Participe présent
Partir Choisir Boire Voir Répondre
Partir - partant Choisir - choisissant Boire - buvant - drinking Voir - voyant - seeing Répondre - répondant - answering
Present Participle is formed by dropping the ons from the present tense nous form and adding ANT
Chanter?
Nous chantons - we sing
Chantant - singing
Pronominal verbs follow the same pattern. Look at Se promener (to take a walk)
me promenant te promenant se promenant nous promenant vous promenant se promenant
3 verbs have irregular present participles:
Être
Avoir
Savoir
étant - being
ayant - having
sachant - knowing
Some present participles can be used as nouns. when used as a noun the PP changed according to gender and number.
Un(e) gagnant(e) - a winner
Un(e) perdant(e) - a loser
a winner
a loser
Many participes présents can be used as adjectives. When used as an adjective the PP agrees with the noun it modifies
des matchs épisants
exhausting games
Many participes présents can be used as adjectives. When used as an adjective the PP agrees with the noun it modifies
un commentateur fascinant
a fascinating commentator
Many participes présents can be used as adjectives. When used as an adjective the PP agrees with the noun it modifies
A demanding sport
an amusing play
un sport exigeant
une pièce amusante
The participe présents can also be used as a verb
When used as a verb it doesn’t change its form
When used as a verb it doesn’t change its form
PP as a verb:
The police saw him entering a medical lab.
La police l’a aperçu entrant dans un laboratoire médical
PP as a verb
Not knowing how to apologize, we gave her some flowers
Ne sachant pas comment nous excuser, nous lui avons offert des fleurs
pp as a verb
crossing the street, (as she crossed) she lost her hat.
Traversant la rue, elle a perdu son chapeau
When an action precedes another one, avoid, and Être in the present participle can be combined with a past participle.
If the verb is conjugated with Être, the past participle agrees with the subject of the sentence
étant partis très tôt, nous sommes arrivés les premier
ayant vu -
ayant compris
étant allé(e)(s)
nous étant promené(e)s
having seen
having understood
having gone
having walked
having gone to bed at dawn, I slept late
M’étant couchée à l’aube, j’ai fait la grasse matinée
M’étant couchée à l’aube, j’ai fait la grasse matinée
having gone to bed at dawn, I slept late
not having slept all night, he was in a bad mood
N’ayant pas dormi de la nuit, il était de mauvaise humeur
having accepted the defeat, the players went home
Ayant accepté la défaite, les joueurs sont rentrés chez eux
The GERUND describes a relationship between two actions. (while), it is introduced by en + present participle
The gérondif expresses simultaneity (done at same time), manner, condition, causality (relations between cause and effect)
Gerund (gérondif)
Il s’est foulé la cheville en jouant au foot.
He sprained his ankle while playing football
Gerund (gérondif)
She listens to music while driving
Elle écoute de la musique en conduisant
Gerund (gérondif)
if you fire this player, you would make a big mistake
En renvoyant ce joueur, vous feriez une grosse erreur
Gerund (gérondif) avec tout
When tout precedes the gerund, it underscores a tension, a contradiction between two actions,
it underscores a tension, a contradiction between two actions,
Gerund (gérondif) avec tout
While being a good player, he never scored a goal
Tout en étant un bon joueur, il ne marquait jamais de but
Gerund (gérondif) avec tout
While crying, he was laughing (contradiction)
Tout en pleurant, il riait
Gerund (gérondif) avec tout
Tout en prétendant le contraire, elle voulait être élue
while claiming otherwise, she wanted to be elected
En allant en Inde, il a fait escale en Allemagne
Going in India, he made a stop in Germany
