Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ABA > Study Notes ABA Principles, Stimulus > Flashcards

Study Notes ABA Principles, Stimulus Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three levels of science?

A

Description, Prediction, Control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the highest level of scientific understanding?

A

Control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Pragmatism:

A

practical approach #promoter effective action #intervention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Selectionism:

A

: #selection by consequences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Determinism:

A

lawfulness #orderly #cause and effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Empiricism:

A

facts #objective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Experimentation:

A

experimental analysis #manipulation

#functional relation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Replication:

A

repeatability #reliability #believability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Parsimony:

A

simplest theory #simplest explanation #KISS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Philosophic Doubt:

A

healthy skepticism #bullshit detector

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

________________________ is the simplest explanation of a behavior
whereas ______________________ is the simplest solution to a problem.

A

Parsimony, Pragmatism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

T/F: Control is the highest level of
scientific understanding.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

T/F: Experimentation states that the
world is an orderly & predictable
place.

A

False: correction is determinism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

T/F: Empiricism is the practice of
objective observation.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

T/F: Determinism states that everything
in the world happens for a reason

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

T/F: A functional relationship #control
happens when an experiment reveals
that a change in one event reliably
produced by specific manipulations
of another event.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

This looks at just the facts, the observable behavior of interest

A

Empiricism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Ruling out the simplest explanations of behavior before considering more complex ones #SIMPLE

A

Parsimony

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

FunctionalRelation The Highest Level of Science

A

Control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Lawfulness The world is a lawful and orderly place, where all phenomena occur as a result of other events

A

Determinism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Correlation The second level of scientific understanding

A

Prediction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The basic strategy of how we manipulate variables

A

Experimentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

A collection of facts about the observed event, just describing what you see

A

Description

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Reliability, The repeating of experiments to show that the independent variable is responsible for the change in the dependent variable

A

Replication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

BullshitDetector Requires the scientist to always question the truthfulness of everything

A

Philosophic Doubt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Instead of arguing that the sky is blue because a little man hand-painted it, Janet argued that the sky is blue due to gasses that exist in the atmosphere.
Janet is demonstrating which of the following attitudes of science?

A

Parsimony

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Megan goes out to the bar and takes data on the behavior that people engage in to present to social psychologists. What level of science is Megan engaging
in?

A

Description

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Stacey has been experimenting with opening her palate. Lately, she has been determined to find sushi that she digests well and also enjoys the taste of. Stacey orders two different rolls, crunchy crab and spicy tuna. The tuna’s
consistency felt weird in her mouth and was very spicy so Stacey did not enjoy eating that one. The crunchy crab roll was delicious and digested well. Now Stacey regularly orders the crunchy crab roll when ordering sushi. Stacey’s choice was formed through which of the following processes?

A

Selectionism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Which attitude of science states that the world is a lawful and orderly place?

A

Determinism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Which attitude of science best matches the highest level of scientific understanding?

A

Experimentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Jenny attends a conference where she learns ways to teach
children tacting. Although she is impressed with the initial results,
she maintains some skepticism about whether it is truly effective.
What attitude of science is she displaying?

A

Philosophical Doubt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

John is talking to a parent whose child frequently engages in
tantrums. When John asks the parent what happens right before the behavior, the parent states, “it just came out of nowhere!”. What
attitude of science is being violated?

A

Determinism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

A client’s parents state that their child hits them because he has
little self-control. After taking some data while observing, you state
that their child hits them because it has resulted in them escaping
the demand of cleaning their room. What attitude of science are you
demonstrating?

A

Parsimony

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

BF, a hard-core practitioner, relies only on facts to make decisions
regarding the outcomes of his experiments. He uses observation and detailed description of events. What attitude of science is BF
demonstrating?

A

Empiricism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Julie wants to know why her dog barks in the living room. She
manipulates dierent conditions in the living room to occur in order
to determine which condition causes her dog to bark. Which attitude of science is Julie demonstrating?

A

Experimentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Kim has conducted an experiment to determine if her Skims
shapewear is indeed effective. She repeats the experiment over and
over and discovers some mistakes. Which attitude of science is Kim
demonstrating?

A

Replication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Which level of scientific understanding is the highest?

A

Control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Jen engages in a strange hobby, but she calls it science. She goes
out into the community and engages in objective observation and description of people while engaged in various social interactions.
Which level of scientific understanding does Jen engage in?

A

Description

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

John notices a correlation between his wife’s drinking and her
mood about the day, however, he does not have enough information
to state a cause. Which level of scientific understanding is he
demonstrating?

A

Prediction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Analytical:

A

functional relation #control #replication #experimentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Conceptually systematic:

A

punishment #reinforcement #extinction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Technological:

A

idiot proof #recipe #detailed #precise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Applied:

A

sociallysignificant #meaningful

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Generality:

A

generalization #behavior #setting #people #maingoal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Effective:

A

clinically significant #does it work #the change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Behavioral

A

clear #objective #complete #concise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

What are the 4 Branches of Behavior Analysis?
*PEAR

A

-Practice Guided by Behavior analysis
-Experimental Analysis of Behavior (EAB)
-Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA)
-Radical behaviorism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

What are the 2 primary types of behavior?

A

Operant and Respondent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

T/F: Watson is associated with operant
behavior.

A

False - Correction: Skinner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

T/F: All procedures should be described
in detail so that others can replicate
the procedures. This describes the
conceptually systematic dimension.

A

False - Correction: Technological

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

T/F: In order to be effective, an ABA
study must produce behavior
changes that are both clinically and
socially significant.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Skinner is the founder of
Experimental Analysis of Behavior.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

T/F: Adaptation occurs when elicited
stimuli are presented repeatedly over short periods of time and the strength of respondent behavior diminishes

A

False - Correction: Habituation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

___________________ research uses conveniently available behaviors (e.g. leverpressing) and ____________________ research focuses on socially significant
behavior.

A

Basic, Applied

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

____________________ behavior is connected to Watson and ________________
behavior is connected to Skinner

A

Respondent, Operant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

_______________________________ occurs when the eliciting stimulus is
presented repeatedly over a short period of time and the strength of the
respondent behavior decreases.

A

Habituation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Observable

A

Behavioral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

SociallySignificantBx, dimension of aba

A

Applied

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

DoesItWork, dimension of ABA

A

Effective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

FunctionalRelation #Control

A

Analytic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

OperationallyDefine #steps to follow

A

Technological

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

AcrossBehavior #AcrossSubjects #AcrossSettings

A

Generality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

TieBackToBasicPrinciples, dimension of ABA

A

Conceptually Systematic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

Which of the following is not a dimension of ABA according to Baer, Wolfe, and Risley? a. effectiveness c. applied
b. follow-through d. generality

A

b. follow-through

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

Trisha gets low grades in her psychology class due to her lack of
studying. Trisha’s lack of studying can be described as:

A

behavioral deficit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

Sarah in a fit of anger flips her middle finger to the driver next to her at a red light for driving dangerously. Sarah flipping her middle finger is an example of:

A

Overt behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

When Lily goes for her annual check-up with her doctor, they perform silly tests to make sure that her reflexes are responsive. Lily’s reflexes are which type of behavior?

A

respondent behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

Behavior that aligns with the S-R-S model of behavior best
demonstrates which type of behavior?

A

operant behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

Casey writes an intervention plan for a client. She defines the procedure so clearly and in detail that it could be replicated by a trained reader. What dimension of ABA is being shown?

A

Technological

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

When Jane is asked to come up with an intervention plan to help a child learn to wait, she uses basic principles of behavior analysis. Which dimension of ABA is Jane applying?

A

Conceptually Systematic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

When Jamie works with her client, she makes sure that her client can perform the same task at school, home, and in social settings. Which dimension of ABA is Jamie displaying?

A

Generality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

Charles has implemented an intervention and data shows that his client’s behavior has improved in a practical manner- his client can now finish his morning routine on his own. Which dimension of ABA is Charles displaying?

A

Effective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

Cassandra develops a behavior plan and her data indicates that there is a functional relation between her intervention and the number of independent requests her client now makes. What dimension of ABA is this demonstrating?

A

Analytical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

Madison develops an intervention and her client, Alexander, can now
approach peers at school as well as his parents in a way that makes them act more positively towards Alexander. Which dimension of ABA is being demonstrated?

A

Applied

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

When Mason is brought in to do a FBA, he looks only at observable behavior and chooses the behavior that is in need of improvement. Which dimension of ABA is Mason displaying?

A

Behavioral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

Respondent behavior is

A

unlearned

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

Operant Behavior is

A

learned

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

Operant behavior is any behavior whose ________________ frequency is
determined primarily by it’s history of _________________.

A

Future, Consequences

79
Q

Respondent conditioning is associated with ___________________

A

Pavlov

80
Q

Operant conditioning is associated with who? _______________________

A

Skinner

81
Q

Respondent conditioning is ______________-_________________ pairing.

A

Stimulus-Response

82
Q

Operant conditioning is ______________-__________________-________________
pairing.

A

Stimulus-Response-Stimulus

83
Q

Reinforcement has occurred if a behavior is followed closely in time by a
_________________ event and as a result the ________________ frequency of that
behavior increases.

A

Consequence, Future

84
Q

Extinction can only occur when ______________ is withheld.

A

Reinforcement

85
Q

Create a Conditioned Aversive Stimuli
Make alcohol a conditioned aversive stimulus.
● ____________________ ⇨________________
● ________________ + _________________⇨ _______________
● ⤹________________⇨__________________

A

Nausea-vomiting
Alcohol+nausea-vomiting
Alcohol-vomiting

86
Q

Create a Conditioned Reinforcer
Make a wink a reinforcing stimulus.
● ____________________ ⇨________________
● ________________ + _________________⇨ _______________
● ⤹________________⇨__________________

A

Food-satiated
Wink+food-satiated
Wink-satiated

87
Q

Create a Fear/Phobia
Make a stimulus of your choice a conditioned phobia.
● ____________________ ⇨________________
● ________________ + _________________⇨ _______________
● ⤹________________⇨__________________

A

Bite-pain
Dog+bite-pain
Dog-pain

88
Q

Counterconditioning or Reconditioning of Phobias
Take your established phobia and place it on respondent extinction or
recondition it with a new stimulus.
● ____________________ ⇨________________
● ________________ + _________________⇨ _______________
● ⤹________________⇨__________________

A

Dog-Pain
Deep breathing+Dog-No pain
Deep breathing-No pain

89
Q

T/F: Skinner is the father of radical
behaviorism

A

True

90
Q

T/F: Reinforcement and punishment
affect current frequency of behavior.

A

False, Correct: Future

91
Q

T/F: Radical behaviorism acknowledges private events and their effect on the
individual.

A

True

92
Q

T/F: Methodological behaviorism
acknowledges private events but does not consider them in the analysis of
behavior.

A

True

93
Q

T/F: Private events are thoughts and
feelings that take place within the
skin.

A

True

94
Q

T/F: The 3 principles of behavior are
reinforcement, extinction, and
intermittent reinforcement.

A

False, Correction: Reinforcement, Extinction, Punishment

95
Q

Positive Reinforcer
Conditioned
● ______________________
● ______________________
Unconditioned
● ______________________
● ______________________

A

Positive Reinforcers
a. Conditioned
i. IG likes (hearts)
ii. High Five
b. Unconditioned
i. Water
ii. Food

96
Q

Negative Reinforcer
Conditioned
● ______________________
● ______________________
Unconditioned
● ______________________
● ______________________

A

Negative Reinforcers
a. Conditioned
i. Retail Sale
ii. Taking a Xanax
b. Unconditioned
i. Putting on coat/sweater when cold
ii. Drinking water to remove headache

97
Q

Positive Punisher
Conditioned
● ______________________
● ______________________
Unconditioned
● ______________________
● ______________________

A

Positive Punishers
a. Conditioned
i. “F” on an assignment
ii. frown/scowl
b. Unconditioned
i. Burn from flat iron
ii. Slap in your face

98
Q

Negative Punisher
Conditioned
● ______________________
● ______________________
Unconditioned
● ______________________
● ______________________

A

Negative Punishers
a. Conditioned
i. Friend Unfollows
ii. fines/fees/bills
b. Unconditioned
i. Take away food
ii. Taking away a coat when it’s cold

99
Q

The most important principle of behavior and a key element of most behavior change programs.

A

Reinforcement

100
Q

Reinforcement is withheld for all members of a previously reinforced response class

A

Extinction

101
Q

Acknowledge the existence of mental events but do not consider them in the analysis of behavior

A

Methodological Behaviorism

102
Q

Has to do with our learning history and the effects of consequences on our behavior

A

Operant Conditioning

103
Q

When a behavior is followed by a stimulus change that decreases the future frequency of that behavior in similar conditions

A

Punishment

104
Q

This type of learning is associated with Ian Pavlov and uses a stimulus-stimulus pairing procedure

A

Respondent Conditioning

105
Q

This occurs when a stimulus that has been conditioned #learned is presented over and over without the unconditioned stimulus and in turn the response is weakened

A

Respondent extinction

106
Q

Cognitive process and free will are examples of this topic

A

Hypothetical constructs

107
Q

When a behavior is followed immediately by the presentation of a stimulus and as a result occurs more frequently in the future

A

Positive Reinforcement

108
Q

If a behavior is followed by a consequence that increases the
likelihood that that behavior will occur again, ______________ has taken
place.

A

Reinforcement

109
Q

Which of the following processes strengthen behavior?
a. negative punishment c. positive punishment
b. positive reinforcement d. contingency

A

Positive Reinforcement

110
Q

Losing money is most likely an example of….

A

Conditioned punisher

111
Q

Extinction is least effective when…

A

reinforcement occurs after extinction

112
Q

When behavior occurs and aversive stimuli are no longer removed,
extinction of __________ occurs.

A

negatively reinforced behavior

113
Q

Leah goes into the grocery store and throws a tantrum in the candy aisle. Her parents give her the candy and she stops her tantrum. In the future, every time Leah goes into the candy aisle she throws a tantrum. What principle of behavior is maintaining the tantrum behavior? Is it positive or
negative?

A

Positive Reinforcement, Positive

114
Q

Oscar drives his roommate Felix crazy because he keeps the apartment sloppy. Felix nags Oscar until Oscar begins cleaning. Oscar only starts to clean to stop Felix from nagging. In the future, Oscar begins cleaning the apartment more frequently to avoid Felix nagging him. What principle of
behavior is maintaining Oscar’s cleaning? Is it positive or negative?

A

Negative Reinforcement, Negative

115
Q

Jennifer snuck out of her house and came home late. As a result, her
parents took her phone away for a week. Jennifer no longer sneaks out of the house in the future. What principle of behavior is being demonstrated?
Is it positive or negative?

A

Negative punishment, Negative

116
Q

Suzanne speeds down the road frequently. One day a police officer pulls her over for speeding and gives her a $500 ticket. In the future, Suzanne no longer speeds down that portion of the freeway. What principle of
behavior is being demonstrated. Is it positive or negative?

A

Positive Punishment, Positive

117
Q

Cameron’s parents discover that after he got over his cold, that he
continued to cough because they always respond and give him attention. After confirming that he was only coughing for attention, his parents agreed to both ignore it. As a result, Cameron’s cough has stopped. What are her parents implementing?

A

Extinction

118
Q

A stimulus class is a group of stimuli that share a common set of elements
in either a ____________ dimension, _______________ dimension or a
___________________ dimension.

A

Formal, Temporal, Functional

119
Q

Behavior is the ___________________ of living organisms.

A

Activity

120
Q

A response is a ___________________ instance of behavior.

A

Single

121
Q

If a ____________________________ can do something it is NOT a behavior.

A

Dead Man

122
Q

When you define a behavior it must be ______________, ______________________,
and ______________________.

A

Clear, Objective, Complete

123
Q

A response class is a group of responses with the same _______________.

A

Function

124
Q

A repertoire is all the _____________________ that a person can do.

A

Behaviors

125
Q

All behaviors occur within an _____________________ context.

A

Enviornmental

126
Q

T/F: A response class can have multiple responses that look topographically
different.

A

True

127
Q

T/F: A response refers to all the
behaviors a person can do.

A

False, Correction: Repertoire

128
Q

T/F: Behavior is what we say and do in
our everyday lives.

A

True

129
Q

T/F: Behavior can be emitted in a black hole.

A

False, Correction: Can Not

130
Q

T/F: The three types of stimulus classes are formal, temporal, and functional.

A

True

131
Q

A stimulus class is a group of stimuli that have a common effect on behavior.

A

True

132
Q

Formal Stimulus Class Examples:

A

Pizza, CDs, Bagels

133
Q

Temporal Stimulus Class Examples:

A

Sleeping, Snooze Alarm, Put on slippers, brush teeth

134
Q

Functional Stimulus Class Examples

A

Phone call, video call, write a letter, email, google doc

135
Q

Response Class examples for Function of Escape from People

A

Stomach hurts, migraine, plan a phone call (emergency)

136
Q

Response Class for Function of opening a locked door

A

Chop down door with an axe, phone a friend who has a spare key, grab the spare key under rock, kick it in

137
Q

Stimuli that evoke the same
response, but do not share
common features

A

Arbitrary stimulus

138
Q

This stimulus class talks about
stimuli based on their physical
features

A

Formal Stimulus Class

139
Q

The activity of living organisms

A

Behavior

140
Q

This stimulus class talks about
stimuli based on when they occur
in time

A

Temporal Stimulus Class

141
Q

Stimuli that share common
physical forms #whatItLooksLike

A

Feature Stimulus Class

142
Q

A group of responses that serve
the same function

A

Response Class

143
Q

When there is a change in energy
and it affects the human or
organism in some way

A

Stimulus

144
Q

This stimulus class talks about
stimuli based on their effects on
behavior

A

Functional Stimulus class

145
Q

A group of behaviors that all have the same function but might look
different are referred to as…

A

arbitrary stimulus class

146
Q

Everything that a person knows how to do is best defined as their….

A

Repertoire

147
Q

John doesn’t know how to post on TikTok but would like to learn. He has downloaded the app but doesn’t know how to navigate, post, or edit his videos. John’s TikTok ability is best described as….

A

Skill Deficit

148
Q

Monica is working in her cubicle at work and shivers when the AC unit
cranks on. She grabs her “work sweater” from the back of her chair and throws it on. The AC unit kicking on is best described as?

A

Stimulus

149
Q

Janet’s son Tom is a really good singer. Lately, he pretends that he can’t sing because it makes him look dorky. Although Janet thinks he can have a legitimate run on American Idol, he still pretends he can’t sing when
requested. Tom’s lack of singing is best described as?

A

Performance Deficit

150
Q

Tricia is looking at a client’s surroundings. Tricia checks out the people, places, and other elements
of her client’s surroundings. Tricia is looking at
the _____________ of her client.

A

Environment

151
Q

Stephen is looking at what his client is doing. He observes that his client is sitting at times, standing at others, and raising his hand when the teacher asks questions. Stephen is observing the ____________ of his client.

A

Behavior

152
Q

Donna is teaching her client to point out the whiskers of a cat, dog and lion. This is called a _________________ _________________ ____________.

A

Feature stimulus class

153
Q

Omar kicks, screams and hits to gain access to his favorite toys. This is called a ____________ ________________.

A

Response Class

154
Q

Jenny feels the warm light of the sun on her face. She then decides to put on her sunglasses. The light of the sun is considered a _________________.

A

Stimulus

155
Q

A runner steps up to the line, takes his mark and waits for the gun to go off before he starts running. All of these stimuli occur prior to his run. This
is an example of a __________ ____________ _________.

A

Temporal Stimulus Class

156
Q

Anthony is teaching his client Tobias to respond “fruit” to different edible items including bananas, apples, pears, and grapes. Anthony is teaching Tobias about what type of stimulus class?

A

Arbitrary

157
Q

Adele is gathering information about all of the behavior her client can engage in. She learns that her client is able to clap her hands, ask for milk, eat with a spoon among many other things. Adele is learning about her
client’s ______________.

A

Repertoire

158
Q

A treadmill, a game of tag and being late causes most people to start running. These stimuli are considered what type of stimulus class?

A

Functional Stimulus Class

159
Q

Operant Behavior has ___________________

A

Consequences

160
Q

Reinforcement increases the __________________ frequency of behavior

A

Future

161
Q

Reinforcement is the fundamental building block for the selection of
_______________ behavior

A

Operant

162
Q

Positive Reinforcement has occurred when a response is followed
immediately by the _____________ of a stimulus and as a result similar
responses occur more _________________ in the future.

A

Presentation, Frequently

163
Q

The stimulus that is presented as a consequence and is responsible for
the subsequent increase in responding is called a ______________
______________

A

Positive Reinforcer

164
Q

The importance of the ____________ of reinforcement is essential

A

Immediacy

165
Q

You reinforce the ______________, not the person.

A

Behavior

166
Q

Reinforcement depends on ________________.

A

Motivation

167
Q

Automatic reinforcement occurs independent of _______________ mediation
by others.

A

Social

168
Q

Negative reinforcement contingency is one in which the occurrence of a
response produces the ______________, termination, reduction, or postponement of a stimulus, which leads to an ____________________ in future
occurrence of that response.

A

Removal, Increase

169
Q

Positive Reinforcer Examples

A
  1. Edibles
  2. Activity
  3. Tangible
  4. Social
  5. Sensory
170
Q

Positive Punishment Examples

A

Positive Punishers
1. Reprimand
2. Overcorrection
3. Shock
4. Exercise
5. Response blocking

171
Q

2 Types of negative reinforcement

A
  1. Escape
  2. Avoidance
172
Q

2 types of negative punishment

A
  1. Response cost
  2. Time-out
173
Q

2 types of response cost

A
  1. Bonus
  2. Direct Fines
174
Q

2 types of time-out

A
  1. Non-exclusionary
  2. Exclusionary
175
Q

T/F: A secondary reinforcer is sometimes
called an unconditioned reinforcer.

A

False, Correction: Primary

176
Q

T/F: A few examples of unconditioned
reinforcers are water, food, and sleep

A

True

177
Q

T/F: Negative Punishment is the removal of a stimulus that decreases the
future frequency of similar behaviors, it is important that the removal of the stimulus be immediately after the
behavior.

A

True

178
Q

T/F: Behavioral contrast can be an
unwanted effect of reinforcement and punishment.

A

True

179
Q

T/F: Escape is when a response you
engage in postpones or prevents the presentation of something occurring.

A

False, Correction: Stop an aversive situation from occuring

180
Q

Lucy wants to use reinforcers to toilet train her son. An unwanted
effect of reinforcement that should be considered is…

A

effects can be temporary

181
Q

Brett wants to use punishment with his dog’s jumping behavior. When
choosing a punisher you should consider…

A

a. the highest magnitude
b. the least intensity

182
Q

Which of the following can be used to decrease behavior?
a. positive punishment c. extinction
b. negative punishment d. all of the above

A

All of the above

183
Q

Which type of timeout procedure should be first considered when
using negative punishment?

A

non-exclusionary

184
Q

When considering a scenario and you have determined that
someone helped out, the reinforcer or punisher is….

A

socially mediated

185
Q

Jocelyn is late for work frequently. Her boss waited in the lobby of the clinic for her to arrive one morning and gave her a verbal reprimand in front of her peers. In the future Jocelyn is no longer late to work. Is this reinforcement or punishment? Is it automatic or social?

A

Punishment, positive, social

186
Q

Gabriel was told to put sunscreen on in order to avoid sunburn by his mother. In the future he continues to put on sunscreen. Is this reinforcement or punishment? Is it positive or negative? Is it automatic or social?

A

Reinforcement, negative, auto

187
Q

A child in the classroom starts to scream loudly. The teacher puts the child in timeout. In the future, the child decreases the amount of screaming he does in the classroom. Is this an example of reinforcement or punishment? Is it positive or negative? Is it automatic or social?

A

Punishment, negative, social

188
Q

A teacher has implemented a program at school. For every student who remains in their seat during work, they are granted an extra 10 minutes at recess. In the future, in seat behavior increases. Is this an example of reinforcement or punishment? Is it positive or negative? Is it automatic or
social?

A

Reinforcement, positive, social

189
Q

Joey’s mom is actively yelling at him. He runs away to another room to no longer hear her. Joey has engaged in _____________.

A

Escape

190
Q

Tom passes his room and sees his mom is snooping around in there. He knows if he goes in it might lead to his mom yelling at him. Tom walks away from the room and goes downstairs instead. Tom has engaged in __________.

A

Avoidance

191
Q

Mrs. Hendrix uses a token system for all of her students in the classroom. If they engage in on task behavior they are rewarded with a token. However, if they talk out of turn or get out of their seat one token is taken away. This is an
example of ____________.

A

Response Cost

192
Q

Tokens are considered what type of reinforcer?

A

Secondary or conditioned: generalized conditioned reinforcer

193
Q

Mrs. Jones takes Billy outside of the room for a timeout when he engages in throwing behavior. What kind of timeout is Mrs. Jones using?

A

Exclusionary

ABA (31 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions