Study Guide ch.11 Flashcards
Which of the following is not general function of muscle tissue
a) movement
b) protection
c) heat production
d) posture
protection
The skeletal muscle fiber characteristic of excitability directly results in these cells being capable of:
a) responding to nerve signals
b) shortening
c) returning to resting length after contracting
d) producing heat
responding to nerve signals
The correct order of arrangement of skeletal muscle cells, from largest to smallest is:
a) fiber, myofibril, myofilament
b) myofibril, myofilament, fiber
c) myofilament, myofibril, fiber
d) fiber, myofilament, myofibril
fiber, myofibril, myofilament
Sarcoplasmic reticulum is:
a) a system of transverse tubules that extend at a right angle to the long axis of the cell
b) a segment of the myofibril between two successie Z lines
c) a unique name for the plasma membrane of a muscle fiber
d) none of the above
none of the above
Which of the following are myofilament proteins?
a) troponin
b) tropomyosin
c) a and b
d) none of the above
a and b
The contractile unit of a myofibril is the:
a) sarcomere
b) triad
c) sacrolemma
d) cross-bridge
sacromere
The chief function of the T tubule is to:
a) provide nutrients to the muscle fiber
b) allow the fiber to contract
c) allow the electrical signal to move deep into the cell
d) allow the generation of new muscle fibers
allow the electrical signal to move deep into the cell
Myosin heads are also called:
a) cross-bridges
b) motor endplates
c) synapses
d) motor neurons
synapses
During muscle contraction, Ca++ is released from the:
a) synaptic cleft
b) mitochondria
c) sarcoplasmic reticulum
d) sacroplasm
sacroplasmic reticulum
The region of a muscle fiber where a motor meuron connects to the muscle fiber is called the:
a) synaptic vesicle
b) motor endplate
c) H band
d) none of the above
motor endplate
True or False
The thick myofilament is made up of myosin
True
True or False
Skeletal muscle has a poor ability to stretch
False
True or False
A T tubule sandwhiched betweeb sacs of sacroplasmic reticulum is called a condon
False
True or False
Acrin, troponin and tropomyosin are present on the thin myofilament
True
True or False
The I band resides within a single sacromere
True
True or False
Rigor mortis is caused by a lack of ATP to “turn off” muscle contraction
True
The cell membrane of a muscle fiber is called the sacroplasmic reticulum
False
Anaerobic respiration is the first choice of the muscle cell for the production of ATP
False
During rest, excess oxygen, molecules in the sacroplasm are attracted to a large protein molecule called myoglobin
True
Anaerobic respiration results in the formation of an incompletely catabolized molecule called lactic acid
True
The principal component(s) of a motor unit is/are:
a) one somatic motor neuron
b) the muscle fibers supplied by a somatic motor neuron
c) none of the above
d) both a and b
both a and b
The staircase phenomenon is also known as:
a) tetanus
b) electromyography
c) wave summation
d) treppe
treppe
Skeletal muscles are innervated by:
a) somatic motor neurons
b) autonomic motor neurons
c) both a and b
d) internal stimulation
somatic motor neurons
Which of the following statements concerning isometric contractions is true
a) the length of the muscle changes
b) muscle tension decreases
c) joint movements are swift
d) muscle length remains constant
muscle length remains constant
Physiologic muscle fatigue is caused by:
a) relative lack of ATP
b) oxygen debt
c) lack of will
d) none of the above
relative lack of ATP
Increase in muscle size is called:
a) hyperplasia
b) atrophy
c) hypertrophy
d) treppe
hypertrophy
Endurance training is also called:
a) isometrics
b) hypertophy
c) aerobic training
d) anaerobic training
aerobic training
True or False
A muscle contracts the instant it is stimulated
flase
True or False
Isotonic contraction is one in which the tone or tension within a muscle remains the same, but the length of he muscle changes
True
True or False
One method of studying muscle contraction is called myography
True
True or False
muscles with more tone than normal are described as flaccid
false
When a muscle does not shorten and no movement results, the contraction is:
a) isometric
b) isotonic
c) twitch
d) tetanic
isometric
Pushing against a wall is an example of which type of contraction?
a) isotonic
b) isometric
c) twitch
d) tetanic
isometric
Prolonged inactivity causes muscles to shrink in mass, a condtition called:
a) hypertrophy
b) disuse atrophy
c) paralysis
d) muscle fatigue
disuse atrophy
Muscle fibers usually contract to about_______% of their starting length
a) 50
b) 60
c) 70
d) 80
80
Which statement is true of smooth muscle?
a) it lines the walls of many hollow organs
b) it is striated
c) it is voluntary
d) there are many T tubules throughout smooth muscle
It lines the walls of many hollow organs
What is a quick, jerky response of a given muscle to a single stimulus called
a) isometric
b) lockjaw
c) tetanus
d) twitch
twitch
True or False
The energy required for muscular contraction is obtained by hydolysis of amino acids
False
Ture or False
A motor neuron together with the cells it innervates is called a motor unit
True
If muscle cekks are stimulated repeatedly without adequate periods of rest, the strength of the muscle contraction will decrease, resulting in fatigue
True
The minimal level of stimulation required ro cause a fiber to contract is called the threshold stimulus
True
Weakness of abdominal muscles can lead to a hernia
True
There are two types of smooth muscle: viscreal and multiunit
True
True or False
Cardiac muscle is also known as striated involuntary
True
True or False
The length/tension relationship states that the maximal strength a muscle can develop is related to the length of the fibers
True
True or False
Skeletal muscles have little effect on body temperature
False
