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Anatomy and Physiology > Study Guide ch.11 > Flashcards

Study Guide ch.11 Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following is not general function of muscle tissue

a) movement
b) protection
c) heat production
d) posture

A

protection

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2
Q

The skeletal muscle fiber characteristic of excitability directly results in these cells being capable of:

a) responding to nerve signals
b) shortening
c) returning to resting length after contracting
d) producing heat

A

responding to nerve signals

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3
Q

The correct order of arrangement of skeletal muscle cells, from largest to smallest is:

a) fiber, myofibril, myofilament
b) myofibril, myofilament, fiber
c) myofilament, myofibril, fiber
d) fiber, myofilament, myofibril

A

fiber, myofibril, myofilament

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4
Q

Sarcoplasmic reticulum is:

a) a system of transverse tubules that extend at a right angle to the long axis of the cell
b) a segment of the myofibril between two successie Z lines
c) a unique name for the plasma membrane of a muscle fiber
d) none of the above

A

none of the above

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5
Q

Which of the following are myofilament proteins?

a) troponin
b) tropomyosin
c) a and b
d) none of the above

A

a and b

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6
Q

The contractile unit of a myofibril is the:

a) sarcomere
b) triad
c) sacrolemma
d) cross-bridge

A

sacromere

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7
Q

The chief function of the T tubule is to:

a) provide nutrients to the muscle fiber
b) allow the fiber to contract
c) allow the electrical signal to move deep into the cell
d) allow the generation of new muscle fibers

A

allow the electrical signal to move deep into the cell

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8
Q

Myosin heads are also called:

a) cross-bridges
b) motor endplates
c) synapses
d) motor neurons

A

synapses

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9
Q

During muscle contraction, Ca++ is released from the:

a) synaptic cleft
b) mitochondria
c) sarcoplasmic reticulum
d) sacroplasm

A

sacroplasmic reticulum

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10
Q

The region of a muscle fiber where a motor meuron connects to the muscle fiber is called the:

a) synaptic vesicle
b) motor endplate
c) H band
d) none of the above

A

motor endplate

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11
Q

True or False

The thick myofilament is made up of myosin

A

True

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12
Q

True or False

Skeletal muscle has a poor ability to stretch

A

False

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13
Q

True or False

A T tubule sandwhiched betweeb sacs of sacroplasmic reticulum is called a condon

A

False

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14
Q

True or False

Acrin, troponin and tropomyosin are present on the thin myofilament

A

True

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15
Q

True or False

The I band resides within a single sacromere

A

True

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16
Q

True or False

Rigor mortis is caused by a lack of ATP to “turn off” muscle contraction

A

True

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17
Q

The cell membrane of a muscle fiber is called the sacroplasmic reticulum

A

False

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18
Q

Anaerobic respiration is the first choice of the muscle cell for the production of ATP

A

False

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19
Q

During rest, excess oxygen, molecules in the sacroplasm are attracted to a large protein molecule called myoglobin

A

True

20
Q

Anaerobic respiration results in the formation of an incompletely catabolized molecule called lactic acid

A

True

21
Q

The principal component(s) of a motor unit is/are:

a) one somatic motor neuron
b) the muscle fibers supplied by a somatic motor neuron
c) none of the above
d) both a and b

A

both a and b

22
Q

The staircase phenomenon is also known as:

a) tetanus
b) electromyography
c) wave summation
d) treppe

A

treppe

23
Q

Skeletal muscles are innervated by:

a) somatic motor neurons
b) autonomic motor neurons
c) both a and b
d) internal stimulation

A

somatic motor neurons

24
Q

Which of the following statements concerning isometric contractions is true

a) the length of the muscle changes
b) muscle tension decreases
c) joint movements are swift
d) muscle length remains constant

A

muscle length remains constant

25
Q

Physiologic muscle fatigue is caused by:

a) relative lack of ATP
b) oxygen debt
c) lack of will
d) none of the above

A

relative lack of ATP

26
Q

Increase in muscle size is called:

a) hyperplasia
b) atrophy
c) hypertrophy
d) treppe

A

hypertrophy

27
Q

Endurance training is also called:

a) isometrics
b) hypertophy
c) aerobic training
d) anaerobic training

A

aerobic training

28
Q

True or False

A muscle contracts the instant it is stimulated

A

flase

29
Q

True or False
Isotonic contraction is one in which the tone or tension within a muscle remains the same, but the length of he muscle changes

A

True

30
Q

True or False

One method of studying muscle contraction is called myography

A

True

31
Q

True or False

muscles with more tone than normal are described as flaccid

A

false

32
Q

When a muscle does not shorten and no movement results, the contraction is:

a) isometric
b) isotonic
c) twitch
d) tetanic

A

isometric

33
Q

Pushing against a wall is an example of which type of contraction?

a) isotonic
b) isometric
c) twitch
d) tetanic

A

isometric

34
Q

Prolonged inactivity causes muscles to shrink in mass, a condtition called:

a) hypertrophy
b) disuse atrophy
c) paralysis
d) muscle fatigue

A

disuse atrophy

35
Q

Muscle fibers usually contract to about_______% of their starting length

a) 50
b) 60
c) 70
d) 80

A

80

36
Q

Which statement is true of smooth muscle?

a) it lines the walls of many hollow organs
b) it is striated
c) it is voluntary
d) there are many T tubules throughout smooth muscle

A

It lines the walls of many hollow organs

37
Q

What is a quick, jerky response of a given muscle to a single stimulus called

a) isometric
b) lockjaw
c) tetanus
d) twitch

A

twitch

38
Q

True or False

The energy required for muscular contraction is obtained by hydolysis of amino acids

A

False

39
Q

Ture or False

A motor neuron together with the cells it innervates is called a motor unit

A

True

40
Q

If muscle cekks are stimulated repeatedly without adequate periods of rest, the strength of the muscle contraction will decrease, resulting in fatigue

A

True

41
Q

The minimal level of stimulation required ro cause a fiber to contract is called the threshold stimulus

A

True

42
Q

Weakness of abdominal muscles can lead to a hernia

A

True

43
Q

There are two types of smooth muscle: viscreal and multiunit

A

True

44
Q

True or False

Cardiac muscle is also known as striated involuntary

A

True

45
Q

True or False
The length/tension relationship states that the maximal strength a muscle can develop is related to the length of the fibers

A

True

46
Q

True or False

Skeletal muscles have little effect on body temperature

A

False

Anatomy and Physiology (16 decks)

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