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Anatomy and Physiology > Study Guide ch. 6 > Flashcards

Study Guide ch. 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Beneath the dermis lie a loose layer of skin rich in fat and areolar tissue called the:

a) dermal-epidermal junction
b) hypodermis
c) epidermis
d) none of the above

A

Hypo dermis

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2
Q

The most important cells in the epidermmis are the:

a) keratinocytes
b) melanocytes
c) Langerhans Cells
d) Dermal papillae

A

Keratinocytes

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3
Q

The order of the cells of the epidermis, from superficial to deep, are:

a) stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum spinsum, stratum granulosum, stratum basale.
b) stratum corneum, stratum spinosum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum basale.
c) Stratum basale, stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum
d) stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulsum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale

A

stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulsum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale

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4
Q

In which area of the body would you expect to find an especially thick stratum?

a) back of the hand
b) thigh
c) abdomen
d) sole of the foot

A

sole of the foot

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5
Q

In which layer of the skin do cells divide by mitosis to replace cells lost from the outermost surface of the body?

a) stratum basale
b) stratum corneum
c) stratum lucidum
d) stratum spinosum

A

stratum basale

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6
Q

Smooth muscles that produce “goose bumps” when they contract are:

a) papillary muscles
b) hair muscles
c) follicular muscles
d) arrector pili muscles

A

arrector pili muscles

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7
Q

A common type of skin cancer is:

a) malignant melanoma
b) vitiligo
c) basal cell carcinoma
d) Kaposi Sarcoma

A

Basal cell carcinoma

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8
Q

Meissners corpusceles are specialized nerve endings that make it possible for skin to detect:

a) heat
b) cold
c) light touch
d) deep pressure

A

Light touch

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9
Q

The basic determinant of skin color is the quantity of:

a) keratin
b) melanin
c) albinin
d) none of the above

A

melanin

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10
Q

Which of the following is not contributing factor to skin color:

a) exposure to sunlight
b) genetics
c) place of birth
d) volume of blood in skin caillaries

A

place of birth

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11
Q

True or False

Most of the body is covered by thich skin

A

false

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12
Q

True or False

A surgeon would most likely prefer to make an incision parallel to langer cleavage lines

A

True

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13
Q

True or False

If the enzyme tyrosianse is absent from birth because of a congenital defect, a condition called albinism results

A

True

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14
Q

True or False

Both benign moles and melignant melanomas are outlined by a distinct bordor

A

false

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15
Q

Subcutaneous layer and hypodermis are synonymous terms

A

True

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16
Q

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skin:

a) sensation
b) excertion
c) immunity
d) all of the above are skin functions

A

all the above are skin functions

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17
Q

Which of the following vitamins is syntesized by the skin:

a) vitamin A
b) vitamin B
c) vitamin C
d) vitamin D

A

Vitamin D

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18
Q

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of heat loss by the skin?

a) evaporation
b) radiation
c) vascoconstiction
d) convection

A

vascoconstiction

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19
Q

Langerhans cells are the mechanism of action of which function of skin?

a) immunity
b) endocrine
c) excretion
d) sensation

A

immunity

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20
Q

Which structure compares actual body temperature with set point temperature and then sends out appropriate correction signals to effectors

a) pituitary
b) hypothalamus
c) thalamus
d) none of the above

A

Hyporthalamus

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21
Q

True or False

Skin is a minor factor in the bodys thermoregulatory mechanism

A

false

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22
Q

True or False

Skin plays a major role is the overall excretion of body wastes

A

False

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23
Q

To help dissipate heat during exercise, sweat production can reach as much as 3 liters per hour

A

True

24
Q

The developing fetus is covered by ab extremely fine, soft hair coat called:

a) vellus
b) lanugo
c) fatalis follicle
d) none of the above

A

Lanugo

25
Q

Which of the following is associated with hair?

a) sebaceous glands
b) ceruminous glands
c) eccrine glands
d) none of the above

A

sebaceous glands

26
Q

Ceruminous glands are found in the

a) axillae
b) soles of feet
c) ear canal
d) none of the above

A

ear canal

27
Q

The most numerous, important, and wide spread sweat glands in the body are:

a) apocrine
b) eccrine
c) ceruminous
d) sebaceous

A

eccrine

28
Q

Hair growth is stimulated by:

a) cutting it frequently
b) shaving
c) increasing melanin production
d) none of the above

A

none of the above

29
Q

True of False

The hair follicle is an extension of the epidermis into the dermis forming a small tube

A

True

30
Q

True of False

the inner core of the hair is called the cortex

A

False

31
Q

True of False

Sweat, or sudoriferous, glands are the most numerous of the skin glands

A

True

32
Q

One of the factors associated with male pattern baldness is androgens

A

True

33
Q

Growth of nails is due to mitosis in the stratum basale

A

True

34
Q

_____________ is the term associated with an unusally high body temperature

A

Fever or Febrile

35
Q

____________ ____________ occurs when the body loses a large amount of fluid resulting from heat-loss mechanisms

A

Heat exhaustion

36
Q

__________________ _____________ is also known as sunstroke

A

Heat stroke

37
Q

Local damage caused by extremely low temperatures is referred to as___________-

A

Frostbite

38
Q

The “rule of plams” assumes that the palm size of a burn victim equals about__ of total body surface area

a) 1%
b) 2%
c) 5%
d) none of the above

A

1%

39
Q

Blisters, severe pain, and generalized swelling are charecteristic of which typer of burn?

a) first-degree burns
b) second-degree burns
c) Third-degree burns
d) none of the above

A

second-degree burns

40
Q

True or False

According to the “rule of nines” the body is divided into nine areas of 9%

A

False

41
Q

Immediately after injury, thrid-degree burns hurt less than second-degree burns

A

True

42
Q

Destroys both epidermis and dermis and mat involve underlying tissue

A

Third-degree burn

43
Q

Involves only the epidermis

A

First-degree burns

44
Q

Another names for first-and second-degree burns

A

Partial-thickness burn

45
Q

Damge to epidermis and upper layers of dermis with blisters

A

Second-degree burn

46
Q

another name for thrid-degree burn

A

full-thickness burn

47
Q

Which of the following statements about hair follicels is true?

a) Arrector pili muscles are assosated with them
b) sudoriferous glands empty into them
c) they arise directly from the epidermal layer of skin
d) all of the above are true

A

Arrector pili muscles are assosated with them

48
Q

Which of the following statements about apocrine glands is true

a) they can be classified as sudoriferous
b) they can be found primarily in armpit and genital regions
c) They secrete a thick substance that has a strong odor
d) All of the above are true

A

all the above are true

49
Q

Which of the following, if any, is NOT found in the epidermal layer of the skin

a) nerves
b) melanin
c) blood vessels
d) all of the above are found in the dermis

A

melanin

50
Q

What characterizes second-degree burns

a) blisters
b) swelling
c) severe pain
d) all of the above

A

blisters

51
Q

Blackheads can result from the blockage of which of the following glands

a) lacrinla
b) sebaceous
c) ceruminous
d) subdoriferous

A

sebaceous

52
Q

Keratin is found in which layer of the skin

a) dermis
b) epidermis
c) subcutaneous
d) serous

A

Epidermis

53
Q

what is the fold of skin that hides the root of a nail called

a) lunula
b) body
c) cuticule
d) papillae

A

cuticule

54
Q

Which of the follwing is NOT and important function of the skin

a) sense of organ activity
b) absorption
c) protection
d) temerpature

A

absorption

55
Q

Another name for the dermis is:

a) corium
b) strata
c) subcutaneous
d) lunula

A

corium

56
Q

The shedding of epithelial elements from the skin surface is called:

a) desquamation
b) convection
c) cleavage lines
d) turnover

A

desquamation

Anatomy and Physiology (16 decks)

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