Stud dog BSE (Kelleman)

Question 1

Stud Dog BSE

Answer 1

• History & Brucella status
  
  • date of last litter
• Semen collection and eval
  
  • do this before poking and prodding
• PE, scrotal & prostatic exams
  
  • Cryptorchidism =>
    
    • don’t breed
  • Retained testes =>
    
    • predispose to: neoplasia (seminomas or sertoli cell tumors)

Question 2

Gross color of semen

• Yellow
• Red
• Brown
• Green

Answer 2

• Yellow => urine
• Red => blood
• Brown => could be pus
• Green => can also be purulent

Question 3

Horses do not_______ but dogs do.

Answer 3

Flag

Question 4

Teasers

Answer 4

• Bitch in heath
• Frozen vaginal cytology swabs
• EAU d’estrus => not very reliable

Question 5

Best time to examine the penis

Answer 5

• During collection
  
  • extrude penis prior to erection
  • penile exam
  • Ensure detumescence post collection
• Persistent frenulum possible

Question 6

Sperm evaluation

Answer 6

• Normal motility > 70-80 % normal
• Morphology > 80% normal
  
  • Head, Midpiece, Tail, Other issues
• Concentration

Question 7

Sperm count depends on

Answer 7

• Collector technique
• Presence of estrous teaser bitch
• Weight/Size of dog (testes)
• Comfort level of dog

Question 8

Sperm eval

Abnormal cytology findings

Answer 8

• Blood
• WBCs

Question 9

Scrotal exam

Answer 9

• Symmetry
• consistency
• size
• orientation
• spermatic cords
• epididymides
• scrotal skin issues

Question 10

Scrotal skin issues

Answer 10

• Mast cell tumor
• Squam from sunning on their back
• Brucella
• Bite wounds

Question 11

Prostatic exam

Answer 11

• Digitally
• ultrasonography

Question 12

Infertility

Answer 12

• History
• Semen collection and eval
• PE
• Diagnostic testing as necessary

Question 13

Aspermia

Answer 13

• poor libido
• apprehension
• pain
• young/old

Question 14

Testicular Azoospermia

Answer 14

no sperm in normal ejaculate

• Intersex animals
• Germinal cell aplasia
• Bilateral cryptorchidism
• Testicular trauma
• Orchitis
• Testicular neoplasia

Question 15

Oligospermia

Answer 15

Low number of sperm

• Orchiditis
• Prostatitis
• Pain
• Hypo T4
• Retrograde ejaculation
• High fever

Question 16

Teratozoospermia

Answer 16

Decreased percentage of normal sperm morph

• Orchitis
• Prostatitis
• Brucellosis
• Neoplasia
• Hypo T4
• High fever

Question 17

Asthenozoospermia

Answer 17

Progressive motility of

• Orchitis
• Prostatitis
• Brucellosis
• Neoplasia
• Hypo T4
• High fever
• Ciliary Dyskinesia

Question 18

Azoospermia diagnostics

Answer 18

• Testicular palpation
• Karyotype (if lifelong history)
• Culture of seminal fluid
• Brucella testing
• Testicular ultrasound

Final stage:

• Testicular aspiration
• Testicular biopsy

Question 19

Azoospermia

Alkaline Phosphatase

Answer 19

• Present in high concentrations in semen
• Originates from tail of epididymis
  
  • > 5,000 IU/L normal
    *

Question 20

Zeuterin

Answer 20

• 3-10 months of age
  
  • measure testis
  • fresh 28g needle to inject testis
• non-surgical sterilization (azoospermia)

Question 21

Teratozoospremia (1:31:44)

Answer 21

• Acquired causes
  
  • testicular tumors
  • Orchitis
  • Prostatitis
  • High fever
  • Obesity
  • Sexual abstinence

Question 22

Asthenozoospermia

Answer 22

• Often associated with teratozoospermia
• May be first indication of infection
• Same causes as teratozoospermia
• Primary ciliary dyskinesia
• Iatrogenic
  
  • latex
  • water-soluble lubricants

Question 23

Canine Prostate

Answer 23

• Only accessory gland
• Smooth, bilobed
• Encircles urethra
• Androgen-dependent

Question 24

Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy

Tx

Answer 24

• androgen dependent
• incontinence
• not painful

Tx

• Castration
• Finasteride-breeding dogs

Question 25

Prostatitis

Answer 25

• Secondary to BPH
• Acute or chronic
• abscessation
• Prostatitic cyst

TX

• castrate
• Baytril/trimethoprin sulfate 4-6 weeks plus

Question 26

Prostatic Neoplasia

Answer 26

• more common in castrated male

Question 27

Brucella Canis

Answer 27

• Zoonotic
• acquired through mucous membranes
• LIcking vaginal d/c
• male urine
• AI

Question 28

Brucella clinical signs

Answer 28

• Lymphadenopathy
• Repro issues
• abortion
• infertility
• IVDD
• Urinary issues

Question 29

Brucellosis

Diagnosis

Answer 29

• RSAT (Rapid card/slide agglutination test)
  
  • sensitive
  • not specific: false positives common
    
    • confirm positives by sending to Cornell for antigen testing

Question 30

Canine Brucellosis

Reportability

Answer 30

• Positive animals
  
  • notify state vet (not FL)
  • Iso/testing
  • Sterilization: reduces shedding
  • Euthanasia/depopulation
• Infection difficult to clear/not cleared

Question 31

Tom

Answer 31

• Penile spines
  
  • presence is bioassay for testosterone
  • Regress 5-6 weeks post castration

Question 32

Tom

Common Fertility issues

Answer 32

• penile hair rings (other species except horses)
  
  • pain and mating failure
• Mate preference
• Karyotype or intersex issues
  
  • maile calico/tortoise shells
• Cryptorchidism

Question 33

Tom

Other Fertility issues

Answer 33

• Nutritional testicular degeneration
  
  • deficiency
    
    • riboflavin
    • EFA linoleate
    • Vit A
  • excess
    
    • Vit A
• Orchitis: bacterial (trauma, bites)
• FIP: peritonitis extends to tunic surrounding testes

Question 34

Tomcat semen collection

Answer 34

• Emission with Sedation: Dexmetatomidine
  
  • one drop of sperm get by catheterizing
• Electroejaculation: under general anesthesia