Canine ovulation timing/breeding management (Kelleman) Flashcards
1
Q
Most common cause of infertility in dogs
A
Breeding at the wrong time
2
Q
In ‘heat’ ‘season’
A
- Combo of estrus and proestrus
- vulvar d/c seen
3
Q
Canine estrous cycle
A
- Proestrus
- Estrus
- Diestrus / Metestrus
- progesterone dominated
- Anestrus
4
Q
Hormones
- LH
- Progesterone
- Estrogen
A
- LH => ovulation
- Progesterone => prod in pregnant and non-pregnant bitches
- Estrogen
- vaginal lining epithelial cells and wall thickness => kills the epith cells
- behavoir and physical signs
5
Q
Events of canine estrous cycle described by
A
- Behavior
- tail flagging (horses don’t flag)
- Vaginal cytology
- Endocrinology
- Anatomy
6
Q
Vaginal Cytology
A
- bioassay for estrogen
- not for ovulation timin
7
Q
Cornification
A
- epithelial cell death from tissue thickening due to estrogen
- process
- parabasal cells (healthy)
- proestrus
- Intermediate cells
- proesturs
-
superficial cells - pyknotic nucleus (cornified)
- estrus
-
anuclear squamous - corn flake (cornified)
- estrus
- parabasal cells (healthy)
8
Q
Progesterone
A
- estimate LH peak (ovulation)
- low concentrations - anestrus to early estrus
- 2-2.9 = LH peak (breed 4 & 6 days later)
- 4-10 = ovluation
9
Q
2-2-2-2 rule
A
- 2 ng/ml progesterone = LH peak
- 2 days later bitch ovulates
- 2 days later breed bitch
- gives primary oocyte time to develope into secondary oocyte
- 2 days later breed a second time
10
Q
Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
A
- LH peak
- abrupt and short
- assumed 24 h, can be less, can be 48
- Ovulation occurs 24-48 hours later
- Can miss LH peak if run too late
- Used with P4 testing
- Expensive
11
Q
Life of oocyte
A
- 12-24 hrs
12
Q
TCI
A
- Endoscopic Trancervical Insemination
13
Q
Interuterine deposition
A
- Considered unethical some places, gold standard other places
14
Q
Insemination dose (32:29)
Standard AI
Intra-uterine insemination
A
- Starndard vaginal AI
- deposited in vagina (250 million PMMN/ 150 million motile minimum)
- Intra uterine insemination
- helps with poor quality semen (100 million PMMN minimum)
15
Q
Diestrus and cytology
A
- Abrupt change to NON-corniication
- Excellent for timing of parturition
- 57 +/- 1 day from onset of cytological diestrus
16
Q
Legth of Gestation
A
- 57 +/- 1 day from cytological diestrus
- 65 +/- 1 day from LH peak
- 57-72 days from one random breeding (close to diestrus shorter number)
17
Q
Timing a Bit’s season
A
- First Exam Early
- PE, Vag cytology, digital exam +/- vaginoscopy, brucellosis, parasitology
- P4 based on cytology and big picture
- Recheck every 2-3 days: P4 & vaginal cytology
- P4 approaches 2ng/ml
- LH can be evaluated
- P4 checked after expected ovulation to verify
- Floow vaginal cytology for daily diestrus
18
Q
Synonym for cornified
A
Superficial
anuclear
19
Q
LH peak occurs ____ prior to cytological diestrus
A
8-9 days prior to cytological diestrus
20
Q
Feline ovulation
A
- Induced ovulation
- Sufficient coital stimulation causes LH release
- Ovulation 24-48 hours later
21
Q
Feline mating…
A
- Estrus averages about 8 days
- Bring Queen to male territory for mating
- multiple mating necessary for LH surge
- Begin mating on estrus days 2-4
- Minimum 3 times daily
- 4 times in 2 h period, best ovulations
-
Queen’s after reaction
- Vicious towards tom, rolls and lick perineum