Structure of prokaryotic cells and of viruses Flashcards
What is the definition of magnification?
How many times bigger the image is than real life
What’s the definition of resolution?
The ability to see two structures very close together as separate structures
Name some structures in a prokaryotic cell:
Cell wall Flagellum Capsule Cytoplasm Circular DNA Ribosomes Plasmids Cell surface membrane
What is circular DNA?
DNA that carries genes for the proteins the cell needs. The DNA is not complexed with protein
What does the flagellum do?
Helps move the cell
What do capsules do?
Capsules store waste and protect things from drying out
What does the cytoplasm do?
Most of the important activities of the cell occur in the cytoplasm. Cytoplasm contains molecules such as enzymes which are responsible for breaking down waste and also aid in metabolic activity. Cytoplasm is responsible for giving a cell its shape. It helps to fill out the cell and keeps organelles in their place.
What do ribosomes do?
Ribosomes do protein synthesis (prokaryotic ones are smaller than eukaryotic ones)
What do plasmids do?
Plasmids are small circular pieces of DNA which carry genes additional to those in the main genetic material (eg antibiotic resistance)
What’s the equation for maginification?
Magnification= image size / actual size
What’s the difference between prokaryotic cell walls and plant cells walls?
Plant cell walls are made of cellulose but prokaryotic cell walls are made of murein
Fact
Bacteria cells are much smaller than eukaryotes. They also don’t have a nucleus so all genetic material is stored in the cytoplasm
