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Biology A Level > Structure of a eukaryotic cell > Flashcards

Structure of a eukaryotic cell Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the nucleus?

A

Stores genetic information
Structural support
Assembly of ribosome subunits

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2
Q

What is the function of Ribosomes?

A

Protein synthesis

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3
Q

What is the function of the endomembrane system

Rough ER

A

Protein synthesis and processing

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4
Q

What is the function of the golgi apparatus

A

Protein processing (eg glycosylation)

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5
Q

What is the function of the Smooth ER?

A

Lipid synthesis

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6
Q

What is the function of Lysosomes?

A

Digestion and recycling

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7
Q

What is the function of peroxisomes?

A

Oxidation of fatty acids,ethanol or other compounds

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8
Q

What is the function of vacuoles?

A

colouration , storage of oils , carbohydrates , water or toxins

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9
Q

What is the function of mitochondria?

A

Respiration and energy

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10
Q

What is the function of chloroplasts?

A

Production of ATPS and sugars via photosynthesis

Enables photosynthesis

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11
Q

What is the function of the plasma membrane?

A

Allows things in and out of the cell as it is selectively permeable and helps maintain the cells environment

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12
Q

What is the function of the cell wall?

A

Protection and structural support

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13
Q

What is a eukaryote?

A

An organism whose cells are membrane bound and has a nucleus

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14
Q

List the Differences between plant and animal cell

A

Animal cells don’t have a vacuole

Plant cells do not have a cell wall

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15
Q

What is the structure of the cell surface membrane?

A

The membrane is the found around the outside of a cell and is made up of proteins and lipids

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16
Q

What is the structure of the nucleus?

A

The largest organelle in the cell. It is surrounded by a nuclear envelope consisting of two membrane layers. There are many holes in the envelope called nuclear pores

17
Q

What is the structure of mitochondria?

A

Mitochondria add sausage shaped organelles sorrinded by two membrane layers. The inner one is folded and forms structure called Cristae

18
Q

What is the structure of a lysosome?

A

Lysosomes are organelles containing digestive enzymes called lysozymes. These enzymes are separated from the rest of the cell by the membrane that surrounds the lysosome

19
Q

What is the structure of ribosomes?

A

Ribosomes are small organelles not surrounded by a membrane (hence they are also in prokaryotes)

20
Q

What is the structure of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

A

The endoplasmic reticulum is made of membrane that form a series of tubes in the cytoplasm of the cell. The membranes of rough endoplasmic reticulum are covered with ribosomes.

21
Q

What is the structure of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

A

Similar to the rough ER but the membranes do not have ribosomes

22
Q

What is the structure of the Golgi apparatus?

A

The Golgi apparatus is a stack of flattened sacs, each surrounded by a membrane. Vesicles are continually pinched off the ends of these sacs

Biology A Level (63 decks)

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