Structure of a eukaryotic cell

Question 1

What is the function of the nucleus?

Answer 1

Stores genetic information
Structural support
Assembly of ribosome subunits

Question 2

What is the function of Ribosomes?

Answer 2

Protein synthesis

Question 3

What is the function of the endomembrane system

Rough ER

Answer 3

Protein synthesis and processing

Question 4

What is the function of the golgi apparatus

Answer 4

Protein processing (eg glycosylation)

Question 5

What is the function of the Smooth ER?

Answer 5

Lipid synthesis

Question 6

What is the function of Lysosomes?

Answer 6

Digestion and recycling

Question 7

What is the function of peroxisomes?

Answer 7

Oxidation of fatty acids,ethanol or other compounds

Question 8

What is the function of vacuoles?

Answer 8

colouration , storage of oils , carbohydrates , water or toxins

Question 9

What is the function of mitochondria?

Answer 9

Respiration and energy

Question 10

What is the function of chloroplasts?

Answer 10

Production of ATPS and sugars via photosynthesis

Enables photosynthesis

Question 11

What is the function of the plasma membrane?

Answer 11

Allows things in and out of the cell as it is selectively permeable and helps maintain the cells environment

Question 12

What is the function of the cell wall?

Answer 12

Protection and structural support

Question 13

What is a eukaryote?

Answer 13

An organism whose cells are membrane bound and has a nucleus

Question 14

List the Differences between plant and animal cell

Answer 14

Animal cells don’t have a vacuole

Plant cells do not have a cell wall

Question 15

What is the structure of the cell surface membrane?

Answer 15

The membrane is the found around the outside of a cell and is made up of proteins and lipids

Question 16

What is the structure of the nucleus?

Answer 16

The largest organelle in the cell. It is surrounded by a nuclear envelope consisting of two membrane layers. There are many holes in the envelope called nuclear pores

Question 17

What is the structure of mitochondria?

Answer 17

Mitochondria add sausage shaped organelles sorrinded by two membrane layers. The inner one is folded and forms structure called Cristae

Question 18

What is the structure of a lysosome?

Answer 18

Lysosomes are organelles containing digestive enzymes called lysozymes. These enzymes are separated from the rest of the cell by the membrane that surrounds the lysosome

Question 19

What is the structure of ribosomes?

Answer 19

Ribosomes are small organelles not surrounded by a membrane (hence they are also in prokaryotes)

Question 20

What is the structure of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 20

The endoplasmic reticulum is made of membrane that form a series of tubes in the cytoplasm of the cell. The membranes of rough endoplasmic reticulum are covered with ribosomes.

Question 21

What is the structure of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 21

Similar to the rough ER but the membranes do not have ribosomes

Question 22

What is the structure of the Golgi apparatus?

Answer 22

The Golgi apparatus is a stack of flattened sacs, each surrounded by a membrane. Vesicles are continually pinched off the ends of these sacs