Structure of Genome Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

C value

A
  • amount of DNA in unreplicated haploid genome
  • length in bp or meters
  • mass in grams
  • can be expressed in different ways
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2
Q

value for genes

A
  • kbp
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3
Q

value for genomes

A
  • Mbp or Gbp
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4
Q

Tera

A

10^12

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5
Q

Giga

A

10^9

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6
Q

Mega

A

10^6

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7
Q

pico

A

10^-12

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8
Q

femto

A

10^-15

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9
Q

C value for humans at 3 pg

how amount of DNA changes throughout cell cycle

A
  • somatic cells are diploid - 6
  • G1 - 6
  • S - 6-12
  • G2 - 12
  • M - 12-6
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10
Q

c value comparison

A
  • relationship between complexity and size of organisms
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11
Q

C-value paradox

A
  • inability to account for the DNA content of the genomes based on complexity
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12
Q

2 problems with c-value paradox

A
  • C value is higher than necessary

- Large variations in C value

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13
Q

C value higher than necessary

A
  • most eukaryotes have more DNA than needed to code for all the proteins
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14
Q

large variations in C-value

A
  • for closely related organisms whose apparent complexity varies little.
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15
Q

junk DNA

A
  • DNA in the nucleus that has no known function

- could be involved in organizing or regulating replication of the genome

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16
Q

repetitive DNA

A
  • a large fraction of the DNA in eukaryotes consists of a few millon bp that are repeated hundred or even millions of times
  • the c value is low in this case