structure and function of the skeletal system

Question 1

what are the 6 functions of the skeletal system

Answer 1

supports body weight, provides posture, protection of the vital organs, body’s movement, blood cell production, mineral storage

Question 2

explain 3 of these functions

Answer 2

the skeleton provides posture and form, allowing the body to stand and sit, e.g. enables weightlifter to stand allowing them to stand in a static position
protection of the vital organs, e.g. the cranium protects the brain for a footballer when heading the ball
mineral storage - produces calcium maintaining bone density for the prevention of injury (most sports)

Question 3

whats a synovial joint

Answer 3

freely moveable joint, capable of a wide ROM as appose to cartilaginous (limited movement) and fixed joints (no movement)

Question 4

whats a hinge joint with example

Answer 4

allow movement in one plane only e.g. knee (tibia and femur) and in the elbow (humerus, radius and ulna)

Question 5

whats a ball and socket joint (with example)

Answer 5

provide a wide ROM in multiple planes, e.g. shoulder (humerus and scapula) and hip (pelvis and femur)

Question 6

what type of movement is available at a hinge joint (2) with examples

Answer 6

flexion (decrease in angle at the joint)
knee = preparing to strike a football
elbow = preparing to shoot a basketball

extension(increase of angle at the joint)
knee = taking off high jump
elbow = striking volleyball

Question 7

types of movement available at ball and socket joint (6)

Answer 7

flexion
shoulder = moving arm up and forwards, throwing a ball
extension
hip = moving the thigh down and back, taking off long jump
rotation (bone turns about its longitudinal axis)
shoulder (topspin forehand shot)
abduction (movement away from midline of the body)
hip (side split gymnastics)
adduction (movement of the limb towards the body)
leg (breaststroke kick)
circumduction (circular movement of a limb)
leg = high kick in taekwondo

Question 8

whats a ligament

Answer 8

connects bone to bone - hold bone together at joints

Question 9

whats cartilage

Answer 9

provides shock absorption, preventing wear and tear. lines the end of our bones

Question 10

what are tendons

Answer 10

bands of tough material connecting muscle to bone, allowing movement