short and long term effects of exercise

Question 1

short term effect from exercise to muscles

Answer 1

muscle fatigue, lactate accumulation due to anaerobic exercise

Question 2

short term effect from exercise to cardiovascular system

Answer 2

increase HR, increase stroke volume (amount of blood leaving heart per contraction) resulting in Aa increased cardiac output (stroke volume x HR)

Question 3

short term effect from exercise to respiratory system

Answer 3

increased breathing depth, increased breathing frequency, increased amount of oxygen in the lungs, increased oxygen supply to targeted muscles, increased carbon dioxide removal

Question 4

training adaptation due to long term exercise effects

Answer 4

able to train longer, higher intensity, faster recovery - able to train more frequently

Question 5

skeletal adaptation due to long term exercise effects

Answer 5

increased bone density, less chance of getting osteoporosis, brittle bones and stress fractures, increased strength of ligaments and tendons

Question 6

muscular adaptation due to long term exercise effects

Answer 6

increased muscle mass and size - muscle hypertrophy

Question 7

cardiac adaptation due to long term exercise effects

Answer 7

decreased RHR, increased hypertrophy of the heart, increased resting stroke volume, increased maximal stroke volume

Question 8

vascular adaptation due to long term exercise effects

Answer 8

increased capillarisation (number of capillaries), increased number of red blood cells, decreased resting blood pressure, increased elasticity of arteries and veins

Question 9

respiratory adaptation due to long term exercise effects

Answer 9

increased lung capacity, develop more alveoli, increased strength of respiratory muscles