structure and function of cardiovascular system Flashcards
what are the roles of red blood cells
they carry oxygen, contain haemoglobin which combines with oxygen to form oxyhaemoglobin
what are the two circuits of the double circulatory system
pulmonary circuit - transports deoxygenated blood to lungs
systemic circuit - carries oxygenated blood around the body to vital organs
features of arteries
carry blood at high pressure away from the heart
whats vasodilation
lumen increase in size to aid and increase blood flow
whats vasoconstriction
lumen decreases in size to restrict and decrease blood flow`
features of veins
carry blood at low pressure back to heart, thin walls, have pocked valves to prevent backflow
features of capillaries
facilitate gaseous exchange, walls one cell thick
what are the 4 chambers of the heart
right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle
summarise the pathway of blood
deoxygenated blood enters right side of the heart goes to the lungs, back to the left side of the heart to be distributed back round the body
whats heart rate
how many times heart beats per minute
what does bradycardia mean
resting hr below 60
whats stroke volume
volume of blood ejected from ventricles per beat
whats cardiac output
volume of blood ejected from left ventricle per minute
calculation for cardiac output
heart rate x stroke volume
