Structure and function of blood

Question 1

Sites of haematopoiesis

Answer 1

Embryo
Yolk sac then liver
3rd to 7th month - spleen
At Birth
Mostly bone marrow, liver and spleen when needed
Birth to maturity
number of actives sites in bone marrow decreases but retain ability for haematopoiesis
Adult
bone marrow of skull, ribs sternum, pelvis, proximal ends of femur

Question 2

which cell do platelets come from

Answer 2

megakaryocyte

Question 3

what is the group name for Eosinophils
Basophils
Neutrophils

Answer 3

granulocytes

Question 4

what is the structure and function of neutrophils

Answer 4

Structure
Segmented nucleus (polymorph)
Neutral staining granules
Function
Short life in circulation – transit to tissues.
Phagocytose invaders
Kill with granule contents and die in the process
Attract other cells
Increased by body stress – infection, trauma, infarction

Question 5

what is the structure and function of eosinophils?

Answer 5

Structure
Usually bi-lobed
Bright orange/red granules
Function
Fight parasitic infections
Involved in hypersensitivity (allergic reactions)
Often elevated in patients with allergic conditions (e.g. asthma, atopic rhinitis)

Question 6

what is the structure and function of Basophils

Answer 6

Structure
Infrequent in circulation
Large deep purple granules obscuring nucleus
Function
Circulating version of tissue mast cell
Role?
Mediates hypersensitivity reactions
FcReceptors bind IgE
Granules contain histamine

Question 7

what are macrophages called when they are circulating in the blood?

Answer 7

Monocytes

Question 8

what is a common site for biopsy and aspiration of bone marrow?

Answer 8

posterior iliac crests