Stress and Sociocultural Factors

Question 1

What are some sociocultural factors?

Answer 1

• cross cultural differences
• family structure
• caregviing
• cultural deprivation

Question 2

What are Socioeconomic status?

Answer 2

• SES and stress
• chronic stressors
• race
• hostility

Question 3

What can mediate relationship between SES and stress/health?

Answer 3

• available resources: income, employment, status, wealth
• social status: relative position within a hierarchy
• environmental aspects: neighborhood, social support

Question 4

What is subjective SES?

Answer 4

refers to ones perception of social status in comparison to others

Question 5

Lower SES is related to increased incidence of socioecologic stressors like?

Answer 5

• living situation
• financial status
• employement
  ( the worse these are, the greater impact SES has on health)

Question 6

What are the effects of SES on stress/health in terms of ethnicity?

Answer 6

Disadvantaged minorities tend to be of lower SES

Question 7

What are the effects of SES and percieved control?

Answer 7

low feelings of control have been correlated to stress/negative health outcomes

Question 8

What did they discover with the experiment taking canadian workers and measuring SES, health, personal control and work stressors?

Answer 8

• less income, less status and less education leads to stressful work and less control
• less personal control leads to more work stressors over time
• more work stressors = bigger health problems

Question 9

What is Karaseks job strain model identify?

Answer 9

Job control is more important than psychological demands.
1. worst group: low control, high demands: nurses (high strain)
2. second worst: low control, low deamnds: factory workers (passive)
3. third worst: high control, high demands: doctors (active)
4. best: high control, low demands: uni prof (low strain)

Question 10

What factor is most important in understanding workplace stress?

Answer 10

control

Question 11

How does culture influence stress response?

Answer 11

1. types of stressors experienced
2. the appraisal of these stressors
3. the choice of coping strategies
4. the institutional mechanisms for coping with stress

Question 12

What is the difference between independent and interdependent cultures?

Answer 12

PTSD leads to mental defeat but not in interdependent cultures (the group is more important than myself)

Question 13

What are some sociosultural trends?

Answer 13

1. people live longer (increase in life expectancy)
2. marriage is delayed
3. couples have less children