Stress and Sleep Disorders

Question 1

What are the four different stages of sleep?

Answer 1

1. NREM (non rapid eye movement)
2. NREM stage 2
3. NREM stage 3
4. REM sleep (rapid eye movement)

Question 2

How many sleep cycles do we experience in one night?

Answer 2

6 cycles of 90 minutes

Question 3

What happens in NREM stage 1?

Answer 3

occurs when you first fall asleep, last 10 minutes, accounts for 5% of total sleep time, easy to wake up, alpha waves to theta waves

Question 4

What happens in NREM stage 2?

Answer 4

takes the most time and hard to wake up from, last 30-60 minutes, accounts for 50% sleep, delta waves

Question 5

What happens in NREM stage 3?

Answer 5

deep sleep stage, hardest stage to wake up from, last 20-30 minutes, but decreases per cycle.

Question 6

What happens in REM?

Answer 6

dreams happen here, max rem happens at the 6th cycle. heart rate, breathing and blood pressure fluctuate, most muscles are paralyzed.

Question 7

What is the sleep theory of ontogenesis?

Answer 7

REM sleep allows for the developement of brain through preventing apoptosis in developing brain

Question 8

Sleep disorders are divided into 3 categories what are they?

Answer 8

1. dyssomnias
2. parasomnias
3. sleep disorders associated with mental neurologic

Question 9

What is dyssomnias?

Answer 9

disorders that produce either difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep

Question 10

What are the three groups of disorders associated with dyssomnias?

Answer 10

1. intrinsic sleep disorders
2. extrinsic sleep disorders
3. circadian rhythm sleep disorders

Question 11

What is parasomnias?

Answer 11

disorders that intrude into the sleep process and are not primairly disorders of sleep and wake states

Question 12

What sections is divided into 3 subgroup?

Answer 12

1. arousal disorders
2. sleep-wake transition disorders
3. parasomnias usually associated with REM sleep

Question 13

What is insomnia?

Answer 13

develops due to somatized tension and learned sleep-preventing associations.

Question 14

What is bruxism?

Answer 14

grinding and clenching of teeth while sleeping

Question 15

What is sleep enuresis?

Answer 15

bed-wetting, must be persistent after the age of 5

Question 16

What is the bidirectional relationship?

Answer 16

when you are stressed, you dont sleep, when you dont sleep, you are stressed and it carries on

Question 17

What is the effect sleep has on HPA axis?

Answer 17

the less sleep you get, the less cortisol youll get. This will affect the cortisol axis and system . Stressful daytime events affect sleep

Question 18

What did the Lauer and Lund study show?

Answer 18

anticipation of stress affects you more negatively than stress you experience in the day

Question 19

What did the lange study show?

Answer 19

that high work strain causes poor sleep quality

Question 20

What did the Rauer study show?

Answer 20

if sleep partner provokes anxiety, then sleep will be worse

Question 21

What did the Hopper study prove in terms of Bruxisms?

Answer 21

daily stress and nocturnal bruxism was tested, anticipated stress was significantly related to bruxism

Question 22

What does personality have to do with sleep problems?

Answer 22

high neuroticism is linked with poor coping with stress, poor sleep, more daytime sensitivity to poor sleep

Question 23

What is the interaction between anxiety and confidence?

Answer 23

anxiety predicted bad sleep and confidence predicted better sleep
relationship between N and C and sleep was mediated by daily hassles, high N, low C individuals with bad sleep reported more social and academic problems

Question 24

What is rumination?

Answer 24

continuously thinking about problems that have occured.

Question 25

What is the hypothesis of rumination and sleep and the results?

Answer 25

high-trait ruminators condition would report poor sleep quality; no difference, high trait ruminators in rumination condition reported more sleep distrubances