Stevens- Permeability & Pulm. edema

Question 1

Starling Equation:

Answer 1

Jv=LpS [(Pc-Pt)-sigma(pic- pit)]

Question 2

Jv

Answer 2

movement across endothelial barrier

Question 3

Lp

Answer 3

permeability to water

Question 4

S

Answer 4

surface area

Question 5

reflective of the negative charge barrier of endothelium to either keep protein inside vasculature or allow it to move out (b/t 0 and 1)

Answer 5

sigma

Question 6

3 ways there can be an increase in permeability

Answer 6

1. disruption of the barrier
2. increased hydrostatic pressure difference
3. decreased colloid osmotic pressure difference

Question 7

pressure where fluid accumulation increases in the lung (becomes edematous)

Answer 7

25 mmHg

Question 8

ways to increase hydrostatic pressure

Answer 8

1. elevated pulm venous pressure
2. high flows (recruit more capillaries and increase surface area) and can promote permeability
3. high blood volumes (recruit more capillaries)

Question 9

decreased _____ clearance can increase permeability

Answer 9

lymphatic

Question 10

most likely cause of increased permeability (sepsis)

Answer 10

inflammation and endothelial barrier disruption

Question 11

most likely cause of increased permeability

Answer 11

increase in hydrostatic pressure

Question 12

gold standard for determining cause of pulmonary edema

Answer 12

R heart cath

Question 13

gold standard for distinguishing cardiogenic from noncardiogenic pulmonary edema

Answer 13

assess capillary pressure