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RES Biweekly 2 > Fouty- Pathophys of restrictive disease > Flashcards

Fouty- Pathophys of restrictive disease Flashcards

1
Q

takes work to breathe; that work has to overcome what 2 things

A

elastic recoil of resp. system
airflow resistance

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2
Q

these 2 things are held at equilibrium at FRC (equal and opposite pressures)

A

lung and chest wall

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3
Q

pleural pressure at FRC

A

-4, -5 cmH2O

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4
Q

increased pressure to overcome airflow resistance (why they come in w/ dyspnea bc working harder to breath)

A

obstructive physiology

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5
Q

increased pressure to overcome elastic recoil of entire system (comes into play with people with dyspnea)

A

restrictive physiology

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6
Q

measure of lung stiffness

A

compliance

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7
Q

lower at high volumes and higher at low volumes

A

compliance

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8
Q

Takes more pressure to get same tidal volume

A

restrictive physiology

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9
Q

takes less pressure to get same tidal volume due to high compliance in this physiology

A

obstructive

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10
Q

_____indirectly contributes to lung inflation by creating the necessary pressure gradient for transpulmonary pressure to function and keep lungs inflated

A

pleural pressure

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11
Q

if the lung gets less stiff, ____ increases

A

FRC

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12
Q

if the lung gets more stiff, ____ decreases

A

FRC

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13
Q

defined as TLC<LLN (reduced lung volumes)

A

restrictive disease

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14
Q

increase in lung ______ leads to restrictive disease

A

elastic recoil

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15
Q

3 ways to increase lung elastic recoil (stiffness)

A

increase in tissue content
increase in lung water
increase in surface tension

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16
Q

this is due to increase in tissue content

A

interstitial lung disease

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17
Q

due to increase in lung water

A

CHF (congestive heart failure)
ARDS (acute resp. distress syndrome)

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18
Q

due to increase in surface tension

A

RDS (resp. distress syndrome)
ARDS

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19
Q
A

congestive heart failure (increased lung water)

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20
Q

less pressure is required during ____ than during _____

A

deflation than during inflation

21
Q

easier to keep airways open than to

A

open them

22
Q
A

interstitial lung disease

23
Q

____ disease can decrease compliance and decrease DLCO

A

interstitial lung disease

24
Q
A

interstitial lung disease

25
Q
A

interstitial lung disease

26
Q
A

restrictive lung disease
(smaller lung volumes, lots of white, cardiac outline less clear)

27
Q
A

honeycombing
pulmonary fibrosis

28
Q

_____ and _____ run together and are supported by peribronchovascular interstitium

A

bronchi and pulm. arteries

29
Q

effective at identifying interstitial lung disease

A

CT

30
Q

inorganic (chemicals) occupational and environmental exposure related to ILD

A

silicosis
asbestos

31
Q

an increase in elastic recoil in ILD leads to a ____ in FRC

A

decreased

32
Q

______ disease mostly a disease of the lung itself

A

obstructive disease

33
Q

_____ disease of lung OR chest wall

A

restrictive disease

34
Q
A

pleural effusion

35
Q
A

tension pneumothorax on L side

36
Q

pleural plaque seen on L hemidiaphragm

A

restrictive disease due to exposure of asbestos

37
Q
A

restrictive physiology due to pleural disease

38
Q

___ and ___ of the chest wall can cause restrictive disease

A

scoliosis and kyphosis

39
Q

End stage liver disease w/ cirrhosis
belly full of ascites can cause what

A

restrictive physiology

40
Q

pregnant women can have what disease

A

restrictive lung disease

41
Q

obesity can cause ____ physiology

A

restrictive

42
Q

TLC < LLN (ATS/ERS) or < 80% predicted (GOLD)

FRC < LLN(ATS/ERS) or < 80% predicted (GOLD)

A

restrictive physiology

43
Q

_____ can be helpful in discriminating pulmonary vs non-pulmonary causes of restrictive physiology

A

DLCO

44
Q

_____ usually decreased in pulmonary causes of restrictive disease

A

DLCO

45
Q

____ normal if restrictive physiology due to chest wall abnormality

A

DLCO

46
Q

4 main causes of restrictive disease

A

increase in lung elastic recoil
pleural disease
chest wall disease
resp. muscle weakness

47
Q

reduced lung volumes (TLC < LLN) with FEV1/FVC < LLN or 0.70

A

mixed obstructive and restrictive disease

48
Q

coal miner who smokes can have what disease

A

mixed obstructive and restrictive

49
Q

obese person with alpha 1 anti-trypsin deficiency can have what disease

A

mixed obstructive and restrictive disease

RES Biweekly 2 (14 decks)

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