Fouty- Pulmonary Circulation

Question 1

where do bronchial arteries branch off from

Answer 1

intercostal arteries off the aorta

Question 2

where do bronchial veins empty into that causes mixed oxygenated blood back to heart

Answer 2

pulmonary veins

Question 3

where does gas exchange occur

Answer 3

b/t alveoli and capillaries

Question 4

pulmonary arteries and pulmonary veins are separated by what

Answer 4

pulmonary capillaries

Question 5

pulmonary arterial pressure is about ______ that of systemic (arterial) pressure

Answer 5

1/6th

Question 6

in systemic circulation, ____% of blood is in venous side

Answer 6

85%

Question 7

most of the tone is in pulmonary or systemic circulation

Answer 7

systemic

Question 8

normal pulmonary arteries have ____ walls

Answer 8

thin

Question 9

Answer 9

systemic circulation

Question 10

Answer 10

pulmonary circulation

Question 11

gold standard for measuring pulmonary pressures

Answer 11

R heart cath

Question 12

Answer 12

RA (2-6 mmHg)

Question 13

Answer 13

RV (25 mmHg/0-3mmHg)

Question 14

Answer 14

pulmonary artery pressure
(25/10 mmHg)

Question 15

Answer 15

pulmonary wedge pressure (LA pressure)

Question 16

normal RA pressure

Answer 16

4 mmHg

Question 17

normal RV pressure

Answer 17

25/0-8 mmHg

Question 18

normal pressure in pulmonary artery

Answer 18

25/10 mmHg

Question 19

normal pressure in LA (wedge pressure)

Answer 19

8-10 mmHg

Question 20

normal pressure in LV

Answer 20

125/8-10 mmHg

Question 21

normal pressure in aorta

Answer 21

120-125/80 mmHg

Question 22

mean pressure of aorta

Answer 22

93 mmHg

Question 23

mean pressure of pulmonary artery

Answer 23

14 mmHg

Question 24

flow through the normal pulmonary circulation is regulated by what 2 things

Answer 24

gravity and anatomic matching

Question 25

Answer 25

bronchiole and pulm. arteriole

Question 26

which occurs in the normal lung for efficient gas exchange to occur

Answer 26

3.

Question 27

there is more blood flow where in the lungs in part due to gravity

Answer 27

bases

Question 28

most important zone for matching ventilation and perfusion

Answer 28

zone 3

Question 29

what zone do you want to be in when floating a R heart catheter

Answer 29

zone 3

Question 30

Answer 30

zone 2

Question 31

Answer 31

zone 1 (mostly in upper lobes and not continuous blood flow)

Question 32

vascular and airway branching is symmetric or asymmetric

Answer 32

asymmetric

Question 33

______ is of minor importance for maintaining close V/Q matching in uninjured lungs

Answer 33

vasoregulation

Question 34

_____ vasoconstricts pulmonary arterial circulation and dilates systemic circulation

Answer 34

hypoxia

Question 35

pulmonary circulation constricts when PO2 in alveolus drops below _____ mmHg

Answer 35

60 mmHg

Question 36

hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction is critical in the _____ circulation

Answer 36

fetal

Question 37

why does blood flow from RV to pulmonary artery to aorta through patent ductus arteriosus in the fetus?

Answer 37

b/c pulmonary circulation is vasoconstricted b/c partial pressure is so low, blood flow doesn’t go in through lungs, it cuts across ductus arteriosus and delivers blood to aorta

Question 38

in hypoxic environment, ____ circulation needs to vasodilate to increase blood flow to areas that need it

Answer 38

systemic

Question 39

goal of pulmonary circulation

Answer 39

gas exchange O2 for CO2 (ventilation and perfusion)

Question 40

what happens to blood flow here

Answer 40

wont get any O2 and not able to get rid of CO2 due to air being replaced

Question 41

explain

Answer 41

vasoconstriction that occurs; increases resistance to the hypoxic alveoli and more likely to send blood to area with less resistance and good ventilation

Question 42

localized hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction ____ V/Q matching

Answer 42

improves

Question 43

Answer 43

less O2 low V/Q

Question 44

Answer 44

vasoconstriction occurring less blood to that alveoli and more to the other to fix V/Q mismatch

Question 45

____circulation receives the entire cardiac output

Answer 45

pulmonary

Question 46

benefits of having entire cardiac output go through pulmonary capillaries

Answer 46

filters out small clots and bacteria

Question 47

3 things that can happen from reversal of flow in the heart

Answer 47

paradoxical emboli causing strokes brain abscesses hypoxemia