Stems And Leaves Flashcards
Above ground portion of plant
Includes stems, leaves, buds, flowers and fruits
Shoot
Site of food production
Leaves
Its function is conduction and support
Stems
Initiated in embryo from epicotyl
Shoot development
Where leaves arise; point of growth along a twig
Nodes
Interval between nodes
Internodes
Buds along the side; aka lateral buds
Axillary
Buds at the end of twig
Terminal buds
It determines age of twig
Bud scale scar
Functions of stem
Support, produce carbohydrates, store materials, transport water
Types of stems
Herbaceous, woody, caulescent, acaulescent, aerial (erect, prostrate, decumbent, caespitose, scandent, scampose), underground
Type of stem that is soft green and short lived ex: tomato
Herbaceous
Type of stem that’s hard brown and long lived
Woody
Type of stem w/ nodes and internodes
Caulescent
Type of stem with compressed indistinguishable nodes and internodes. Looks stemless. ex: lettuce
Acaulescent
Type of stem that has a normal growth under the sun
Erect
Horizontal shoot flushed to the ground
Prostrate
Horizontal shoot that’s not flushed to the ground
Decumbent
Twining stem; vine like (ex: ampalaya)
Scandent
Acaulescent inerect leafless flowering stalk
Scapose
Underground stems; are also modified stems for storage
Rhizome, tuber, corm
Underground stem that is horizontal, elongated often thick and fleshy
Rhizome
Like a rhizome but compressed and enlarged
Tuber
Underground stem that’s vertical compressed
Corm
Product of apical meristem including dermal ground and vascular tissues
Primary stem
Modified stem that reproduces asexually
Stolon/Runner
Modified stem that is for support
Tendrils
Modified stem that looks like leaf
Cladophylls
Modified stem that is for protection
Thorn