Angiosperms and Roots

Question 1

Life cycle of seed

Answer 1

Sporophyte (spore producing) - megaspore and microspore - gametophyte (haploid/sex cell) - egg and sperm - zygote - seed

Question 2

Non vascular plants

Answer 2

Bryophyta (moss, liverwort)

Question 3

Types of vascular plants

Answer 3

Seedless (pteridophyta) and with seed

Question 4

Baby plant with own food

Answer 4

Seed

Question 5

Phyla that have naked ovules born on modified sporopylls. Ex: conifers, gingko, cycas

Answer 5

Gymnosperms

Question 6

Known as anthophyta. Phylum that has ovules enclosed within megasporophyll (carpel)

Answer 6

Angiosperm

Question 7

“the vessel seed”

Answer 7

Angiosperm

Question 8

Major characteristics of angiosperm

Answer 8

Flower, presence of vessels as water conductors, double fertilization

Question 9

A determinate shoot of sporophyte that is modified for reproduction

Answer 9

Flower

Question 10

Two classes of angiosperm

Answer 10

Monocot and eudicots

Question 11

Make up underground portion of sporophyte

Answer 11

Roots

Question 12

Functions of roots

Answer 12

Anchor, absorb nutrients, produce hormone, storage

Question 13

Root systems

Answer 13

Fibrous roots and tap root

Question 14

Types of roots

Answer 14

Primary, secondary/lateral, adventitious

Question 15

Regions of root tip

Answer 15

Root cap, meristem region, r of elongation, r of differentiation/maturation

Question 16

Region of root tip that covers and protects delicate cells in meristematic region

Answer 16

Root cap

Question 17

Region of cell division (new cells develop)

Answer 17

Meristem region

Question 18

Area where cells grow in length

Answer 18

Region of elongation

Question 19

Area where cells become specialized for different jobs

Answer 19

Region of differentiation

Question 20

Cross section of roots

Answer 20

Epidermis(outer layer, protection), cortex(inside epidermis, main storage), endodermis (controls flow into vascular cylinder)

Question 21

Vascular cylinder

Answer 21

Xylem (starshape), phloem (between rays of star), pericycle (give rise to lateral roots)

Question 22

Root hairs use ATP (active transport in plant) to:

Answer 22

Pump minerals, cause water to follow osmosis

Question 23

For water retention

Answer 23

Casparian strip

Question 24

Modified roots

Answer 24

Storage (kamote and radish), aerial (orchids), haustaria (parasitic), prop, buttresses, pneumatophore (snorkle), nodules (symbiotic), mycorthizae (fungal), climbing

Question 25

Problem: resources of water and light were separated from one another

Answer 25

Solution: development of meristems

Question 26

Problem: support was difficult

Answer 26

Solution: tissues with lignin (woody)

Question 27

Problem: not all parts were exposed to water

Answer 27

Solution: cuticle and vascular system

Question 28

Problem: not all parts perform photosynthesis

Answer 28

Solution: phloem

Question 29

Problem: lack of water for sperm transport

Answer 29

Solution: spores with pollen

Question 30

Problem: exposure to UV light

Answer 30

Solution: flavonoid (absorb uv)

Question 31

Problem: eaten by animals

Answer 31

Solution: secondary metabolites