state changes Flashcards
matter can change into three states depending on its what?
temperature
how can matter change from one state to another? (procedures)
cooling/heating
what does cooling/heating cause?
a change in the kinetic energy and arrangement of particles
when a solid is heated what is it normally heated into?
a solid —> liquid —> gas
how does a solid normally change its state?
the particles gain kinetic energy and move faster and further apart, which causes the forces of attraction between them to become increasingly weaker
what happens when a gas is cooled?
the particles lose kinetic energy and move slower and closer together, which causes the forces of attraction to become increasingly stronger
what are changes in physical state caused by?
it is caused by transfers of energy.
during a ……… the energy of a substance changes but the………….. does not change
During a state change, the energy of a substance changes but the identity of a substance does not change i.e nothing new is formed (you can freeze water into ice but it’ll still be water)
state changes are?
state changes are physical, thus you can change the state by adding or removing energy
what are some examples of state changes by the addition of heat energy?
- solids melting into liquids
- liquids boiling into gases
- solids subliming into gases
what are two solids that sublime
Solid carbon dioxide (dry ice)
iodine
what is the meaning of sublime?
change directly into vapour when heated, typically forming a solid deposit again on cooling.
List some changes of state by removing heat energy
gases condensing into liquids
liquids freezing or solidifying into solids
what is the meaning of condensing?
change or cause to change from a gas or vapour to a liquid.
What are the processes of state change that includes heat?
melting
evaporation
sublimation
