Solutions and solubility

Question 1

What is solution concentration?

Answer 1

Solution concentration is the measure of how much solute is dissolved in a specific amount of solvent

Question 2

What words can we use to describe solutions?

Answer 2

Concentrated and dilute

Question 3

What is a concentrated solution?

Answer 3

A concentrated solution would have a lot of solute in a given amount of solvent

Question 4

What is a dilute solution?

Answer 4

A dilute solution would have very little solute in a given amount of solvent

Question 5

What does the solubility of a solute indicate?

Answer 5

Of how much of the solute can dissolve in a fixed mass of solvent at a particular temperature

Question 6

What can solutions be described as?

Answer 6

Saturated
Unsaturated
Supersaturated

Question 7

What does a saturated solution contain?

Answer 7

-A saturated solution contains maximum amount of
the solute which can be dissolved in a given
volume of the solution at a particular temperature.

Question 8

What happens when no solute can be dissolved in the solvent in a saturated solution?

Answer 8

When no more solute can be dissolved in the
solvent the solution reaches saturation point and
the solution is saturated.

Question 9

What is an unsaturated solution?

Answer 9

An unsaturated solution is a solution that contains
less than the maximum amount of solute that is
capable of being dissolved. (like medium basically)

Question 10

What is a supersaturated solution?

Answer 10

A supersaturated solution represents a state in
which the concentration of the solute in the
solution exceeds the amount of solvent.

Question 11

A supersaturated solution tends to be…

Answer 11

unstable

Question 12

How does a supersaturated solution become saturated?

Answer 12

Disturbances, for example, shaking, stirring, or the addition of crystals (a process known as seeding causes a supersaturated solution to throw out the excess solute and become saturated)

Question 13

List the factors that affect the extent to which

solutes are soluble or dissolve in a solvent:

Answer 13

• Temperature
• The nature of the solute and solvent
• Pressure

Question 14

Why would the solubility of the solute increase in the given solvent?

Answer 14

For most solid solutes in water, solubility increases as temperature increases. This is why on heating the saturated solution which has excess undissolved solute particles, the solubility of the solute increases in the given solvent.

Question 15

As a result of heating the saturated solution what happens?

Answer 15

more solute can be dissolved into the solvent at higher temperatures.

Question 16

What happens when the saturated solution is cooled

Answer 16

when the solution is cooled backed to the initial temperature, the solute particles which were initially dissolved in the solvent separate out or precipitate out as crystals.

Question 17

If a saturated solution is cooled…

Answer 17

crystals of the solute will form since less of the solute can dissolve at the lower temperature.

Question 18

What tends to become less soluble as the temperature of the solvent increases? And what does it explain?

Answer 18

gases tend to become less soluble as the
temperature of the solvent increases. This explains
why fizzy drinks go ‘flat’ more quickly on a hot day
than when they are stored in the fridge.

Question 19

(dance break)

Answer 19

(boogie boogie boogie) 💃💃👯‍♂️

Question 20

What is pressure significant for?

Answer 20

Pressure is significant for gases dissolved in liquids.

Question 21

What happens as pressure increases?

Answer 21

Most gases increase their solubility as pressure

increases.

Question 22

What does “like dissolves in like” mean?

Answer 22

Solutes that are similar and nature will dissolve in solvents that are similar to it…the rule is “like dissolves in like” (idk if this sentence makes sense but miss has it)

Question 23

What is an example of the rule like dissolves in like?

Answer 23

Sodium chloride has positive and negative charges and so too does water (water is a polar solvent)…thus sodium chloride (NaCl) is soluble in water.
(SODIUMMM CLORIDEEE IS AN IONIC COMPOUND!!!)

Question 24

What is an ionic compound you ask?

Answer 24

idk either (jk)

• Ionic compounds often dissolve in polar solvents such as water
• Therefore non-polar substances will usually dissolve in non-polar or organic solvents. Examples of organic solvents are usually hexane, ether, oil and acetone

Question 25

Any ionic compound (a compound with a positive and negative charge) will do what?

Answer 25

They will most likely be able to dissolve in colder solvents such as water

Question 26

List the following procedures that will INCREASE the RATE at which a solid dissolves in a solvent (ie, how quickly it dissolves)

Answer 26

• Crushing
• Stirring
• Heating

Question 27

Crushing (me +u)

Answer 27

Increases the Surface Area of the solute exposed to the solvent

• Reduced particle size increases the surface area
• Increased surface area leads to faster dissolution (ability to dissolve the solution)

Question 28

Stirring

Answer 28

This brings more solute into contact with solvent molecules which will increase the rate at which the solid dissolves.

Question 29

Heating

Answer 29

This increases the kinetic energy of the solute particles. The movement of the solute particles increases, causing more mixing and a faster rate of dissolution