Fractional distillation

Question 1

What is the meaning of miscible and give an example?

Answer 1

Pairs of liquids that mix well together, that is, they readily dissolve in one another, are said to be miscible. For Example, ethanol and water.

Question 2

What is fractional distillation?

Answer 2

Fractional distillation is a type of distillation that involves the separation of miscible liquids with boiling points that are close together (less than 25*C apart)

Question 3

What is the method by which the apparatus for fractional distillation work?

Answer 3

1) The mixture boils and vapours of both liquids enter the fractionating column
2) Vapour from the liquid with the higher boiling point condenses in the fractionating column and returns to the flask

Question 4

What is the method by which the apparatus for fractional distillation work? (2)

Answer 4

3) Vapour from the liquid with the lower boiling point reaches the top of the fractionating column, enters the condenser and condenses
4) Condensed liquid drops into the flask. This is the distillate.
5) Each fraction (component) of the mixture is collected in a separate container

Question 5

Thermometer (fractional distillation)

Answer 5

Ensures that the temperature of the vapour entering the condenser remains constant at the boiling point of the solvent, therefore the distillate is pure

Question 6

Fractionating column (fractional distillation)

Answer 6

contains glass beads to provide a large surface area on which condensation and evaporation can occur

Question 7

What happens in part 1 of fractional distillation?

Answer 7

Mixture boils and vapours of both liquids enter the fractionating column

Question 8

What happens in part 2 of fractional distillation?

Answer 8

The vapour of the liquid with the higher boiling point condenses in the fractionating column and the liquid drips back into the flask

Question 9

What happens in part 3 of fractional distillation?

Answer 9

The vapour of the liquid with the lower boiling point reaches the top of the fractioning column, enters the condenser and condenses.

Question 10

What happens in part 4 of fractional distillation?

Answer 10

the condensed liquid drips into the flask

Question 11

distillate (fra. distillation)

Answer 11

liquid with the lower boiling point (look at diagram mama mia)