Simple distillation Flashcards
What is simple distillation?
Simple distillation is a method for separating a pure solvent from a solution.
What is an example of simple distillation
For example, water can be separated from salt solution or to obtain distilled water from tap water or seawater by simple distillation.
What are the solvent and solute?
The solvent is a liquid and the solute can be a solid or liquid
What is an example of a solvent and solute?
to separate a mixture of water and acetone [nail polish
remover]
between the solute and solvent in simple distillation, which will have the lower boiling point?
In this technique, the solvent has a lower boiling point than the solute.
What will happen to the solvent in simple distillation?
This means that the solvent will boil and evaporate into a vapour or gas
What happens to the vapour in simple distillation?
The vapour enters the condenser where it is cooled and therefore condenses into the liquid state.
Thermometer
Ensures that the temperature of the vapour entering the condenser remains constant at the boiling point of the solvent, therefore the distillate is pure (look at diagram biatch <3)
What happens in step one? (sim. distillation)
The solution boils and the solvent vapours rise up the flask
what happens in step 2? (sim. distillation)
The solvent vapour passes through the condenser where it is cooled, causing it to condense
What happens in part 3? (sim. distillation)
Condensed solvent drips into the flask
Distillate
Pure solvent
What happens in the Liebig condenser
Water in the condenser flows in the opposite direction to the solvent vapour to create a permanently cold surface on which the vapour can condense. (watch the diagram)
