Sports Psychology - Leadership Flashcards
What is leadership?
Having influence over the behaviour of others to motivate them to follow the individuals own set goals it involves personal relationships and affects the motivation of individuals and groups.
What are the seven effective qualities of a leader?
- good communication
- High motivation
- Enthusiasm
- Having a clear goal
- Empathy
- Knowledgeable of the sport
- charisma
What is an emergent leader?
Comes from within the group because they are skilful or because the team selected them.
What is a prescribed leader?
They are appointed to a team from an external source.
What are the advantages of an emergent leader?
Win over teammates as ‘one of their own’.
What are the advantages of a prescribe leader?
- more objective
- ‘ fresh pair of eyes’ = more creative strategies.
- More authority
What are the disadvantages of an emergent leader?
- may lack objectivity
- Friendships may colour judgements
What are the disadvantages of a prescribed leader?
- not aware of team culture/friendship groups = delay, effective decision-making.
What is an autocratic leader?
- Task orientated and more dictational.
- Make most of the decisions and tend to have a directing approach.
- Show little interest in the individuals making up the group.
What is a democratic leader?
- Person orientated.
- Value the views of other group members
- Tend to share decisions show a good deal of interest in the individuals of the group
What is a laissez-faire leader?
- make very few decisions.
- Give very little feedback
- Individual group members mostly do as they wish
What four reasons are there for a autocratic leader?
- when hostile groups are involved and discipline and control is needed.
- if there is a lack of time or for the cognitive stage of learning.
- novices, team players and males generally prefer the style of learning.
- Best if a situation is dangerous or the task is unclear.
What are the four reasons for a democratic leader?
- suits more advanced performers who have the knowledge to contribute
- Suit a friendly match or when a task demands greater interpersonal communication
- Suitable if the group members know each other well and the task is not too dangerous
- Females, small teams and individual performance tend to prefer this style.
What is five reasons are there for a Laissez-faire leader?
- suitable for elite performers
- Helps to develop creativity for team members/individuals
- Suitable if the task involves individual decision-making
- Leader has full trust in members capabilities
- Often appears the leader is incompetent
What five things did Krust identify about leadership?
- novice athletes prefer more rewards and expert prefer more democratic and social support coaching.
- Team members prefer more training and instruction autocratic coaching and rewards.
- Individual sports people prefer democratic coaching and social support.
- Male athletes prefer autocratic coaching females prefer democratic style.
- Older athletes prefer Democratic coaching social support training and instruction.
What is the contingency approach?
The success of leadership traits is determined by situational factors.
What is the trait perspective of leaders?
Leaders have a genetic disposition/innate characteristics that should lead qualities – great leaders are born not made.
What does trait perspective believe about leadership traits?
Leadership trait are stable and enduring can be generalised across different situations – some people are leaders in whatever situation.
What is the counter argument of the trait perspective?
In sport leadership skills are specific depending on the situation.
What three aspects does the trait perspective assume?
- certain traits produce certain patterns of behaviour
- These patterns are consistent across different situations
- People are born with these leadership traits
What is the social learning theory of leadership?
Behaviour of others is watched and copied through vicarious reinforcement and identification.
What is vicarious learning?
The person observes that an award is given to another person for certain behaviours and learns to emulate that same behaviour.
What is the interactionist theory?
An individual may have certain inborn traits but they are not evident unless a situation demands the leadership behaviour approach involves the interaction of traits and the changing environment.
