Skill Acquisition - Classification Of Skill Flashcards
What are the 7 skill continuums?
Difficulty
Environmental influence
Pacing
Muscular involvement
Continuity
Organisation
What is difficulty of skill?
Simple or complex
Simple = straightforward with little decisions to be made
Complex = there are manny decisions to be made and a high perpetual load
(Exam question)
Define what is meant by a ‘complex skill’. Give a practical example of a complex skill in sport.
- Lots of decisions to process/ high perpetual load
- Pass by a centre court player in netball/slip catch in cricket
What is the environmental influence continuum?
Open or closed
Open = affected by the environment and are perceptual, movements have to be adapted to the environment so they are normally externally paced
Closed = not affected by the environment and are habitual, they follow a set pattern and tend to be self paced.
What is the pacing continuum?
Self paced and externally paced.
Self paced = the performer controls the rate at which the skill is executed. Self-pacing involves pro-action by the performer, they are closed skills.
Externally paced= the environment controls the rate of performing the skill. It involves reaction and are usually open
What is the muscular involvement continuum?
Gross or fine
Gross = involves large muscle movements. They are not very precise and include many of the fundamental movements patterns
Fine = involves more intricate movements using small muscle groups. They tend to be precise in nature and involve a high degree of hand-eye coordination
What is the continuity continuum?
Discrete, serial or continuous
Discrete = have a clear beginning and end
Serial = are several discrete skills put together to make an integrated movement
Continuous = no clear beginning and end, the end of one cycle of movement is the beginning of the next
(Exam question)
A dive in a swimming race could be classed as a closed skill
Which one of the following terms could also be used when classifying this skill
A. Fine
B. Gross
C. Continuous
D. Self-paced
B. Gross
(Exam question)
Front crawl in swimming can be classified as an open skill or a closed skill.
Explain when front crawl could be classified as an open skill.
- In competitive race/ open water swimming
- Environment/ weather/ waves/ other swimmers/ tides
What is the organisations continuum?
High or low
High = sub routines that are difficult to separate
Low = sub routines are easily identified
(Exam question)
Using an example for each, describe the terms ‘high organisation’ and ‘low organisation’ when classifying motor skills
- High organisation have sub routines which are very closely linked together and difficult to separate e.g somersault/golf swing.
- Low organisation skills are made up of sub routines that are easily separated e.g breast stroke in swimming/trampoline routine
(Exam question)
Explain why a dive in swimming is a gross skill
Involves large muscle groups
Give an example of both a simple and complex skill
Simple - dribbling in basketball
Complex - a centre pass in netball
Give an example of both an open and closed skill
Open - pass in football
Closed - gymnastic vault
Give an example of both a externally paced and self paced skill
Externally paced - returning a serve in tennis.
Self paced - golf swing.
Give an example of both a high and low organisation skill
High organisation - golf swing
Low organisation - trampolining routine
Give an example of both a gross and fine skill
Gross - a rugby tackle
Fine - shot in snooker
Give an example of both a discrete, serial and continuous skill
Discrete - penalty kick in football
Serial - triple jump
Continuous - cycling
