Sport psychology Flashcards
What is a skill?
A learned ability to bring about the result you want, with confidence and minimum effort
What is an open skill?
It’s performed in a changing environment when a performer has to react and adapt to external factors
What is a closed skill?
It’s always performed in the same predictable environment and is not affects by external factors
What is a low organisation skill?
One which can easily be broken down into different large that can be practiced separately
What is a high organisation skill?
One which can’t easily be broken down into different parts that can be practiced separately
What is a basic skill?
One which doesn’t need much concentration to do
What is a complex skill?
One which needs lots of concentration to do
What is massed practicing?
Practicing the skill continuously without a break (basic skills)
What is distributed practicing?
Practicing with breaks for rest or mental rehearsal (complex skills)
What is fixed practicing?
Repeating the same technique in one situation over and over again (closed skills)
What is variable practicing?
Repeating the technique in different situations that you might need to use it in (open skills)
What is mental rehearsal?
Imagining yourself performing well
What are ways of mentally preparing yourself?
Practicing skills during warm up
Mental rehearsal
Why is mentally preparing yourself important?
Helps you control emotions and cope with stress so you can perform at your best
What is goal setting?
Setting targets that you want to reach so you can improve your performance
What are short term goals?
Goals that you can reach quickly on the way to a long term one
How does goal setting help training?
Gives you something to aim for
Provides motivation to work hard
Reaching goal can boost confidence and sense of achievement
What should goal setting be?
S specific
M measurable
A achievable
R realistic
T time-bound
How do you make your goals specific?
Say exactly what you want to achieve
Why do goals need to be measurable?
So you can see how much you’ve progressed over time so you stay motivated
Why do you need to make you goals specific?
So you stay focused on your goal
Why do you need to make your goals achievable?
Too easy —> won’t motivate you
Too difficult —> negativity and may give up
How do you make your goals realistic?
Make sure you have everything you need to achieve your goal
Why do goals need to be realistic?
So you stay determined during training otherwise you may be put off
Why should goals be time bound?
Meeting short term targets keeps you on course for long term goals
Keeps you motivated (train to meet deadline)
What is verbal feedback?
Explanation in words of how to perform a technique
What is visual feedback?
Visual clues to help you perform a technique (demonstrations)
What is manual feedback?
When the coach physically moved your body through the technique
What is mechanical feedback?
Guidance given using sport equipment
What are the advantages of verbal feedback?
Can be combined with other types of guidance
Helpful for experienced performers
Can be given during performance
What are the disadvantages of verbal feedback?
Less useful for high organisation and complex skills
Could be confusing for beginner
What are the advantages of visual feedback?
Works well for beginners
Can be used to teach low organisation skills
What are the disadvantages of visual feedback?
Less useful for high organisation and complex skills
What are the advantages of manual feedback?
You can get a feel of the skill
Works for all skill levels
What are the disadvantages of manual feedback?
A performer could start to rely on it
Difficult to use with big groups
What are the advantages of mechanical feedback?
Useful for teaching beginners
Helpful for high organisation and complex skills
What are the disadvantages of mechanical feedback?
Learner might be unable to perform skill without equipment
Difficult to use with big groups
What is intrinsic feedback?
You know how well you did the technique because of what it felt like (experienced performers)
What is extrinsic feedback?
Someone else tells you or shows you what happened and how to improve (beginners)
What is concurrent feedback?
Received during performance
What is terminal feedback?
Received after performance
How can you use feedback?
To work out strengths and weakness and come up with an action plan to improve your performance
