Injury/drugs Flashcards
What is a PARQ?
Physical activity readyness questionnaire
It informs your coach/trainer of any medical conditions or illnesses you have so they can form a relevant training program to you
What does warming up do?
Prevents injury by warming up muscles gradually and make work out more effective
What does cooling down do?
Gradually lowers heart rate, breathing rate and temperature and gets rid of lactic acid
What are ways you can prevent injuries (not warm ups and cool downs)?
Wear protective equipment/clothing
Check equipment/facilities for safety
Rules
What is a concussion?
Happens when there is a severe blow to the head
What are the sypmtoms of a concussion?
Weakness, loss of coordination, dizziness, headache, slurred speech and vomiting
What are the symptoms of a fracture?
Pain, lack of movement, swelling, deformity and bruising
What is an open/compound fracture?
When the bone sticks through the skin
What is a closed fracture?
When the bone stays in the skin
What is a simple fracture?
Stays in one line with no displacement (include greenstick fractures)
What is a stress fracture?
Caused by overuse or repetitive movements
What is a dislocation?
When a bone is forced out of its normal position within a joint
What is a sprain?
Injury to a ligament
What is a strain?
Damage to a muscle
What are torn cartilages caused by?
Long term wear and tear
What is tennis elbow?
Damage to a tendon or muscle because of overuse (pain on outside of elbow)
What is golfers elbow?
Damage to a tendon or muscle because of overuse (pain on inside of elbow)
Why do people take drugs?
To improve performance to win
To win to make more money
Painkillers to continue to train/play with an injury
What do anabolic steroids do (simple)?
Increase muscle mass
What do anabolic steroids do (complex)?
Mimic testosterone to increase muscle mass which increases strength and allows the body to recover faster and train harder (sprinters, throwers)
What are the side effects of anabolic steroids?
Increased aggression
Increased risk of heart attacks
Can cause high blood pressure
What do beta blockers do (simple)?
Slow do your heart rate
What do beta blockers do (complex)?
They maintain a low heart rate and reduce stress and anxiety so help in target sports where a steady hand is needed
What are the side effects of beta blockers?
Nausea
Diarrhoea
Tiredness
Depression
Insomnia/nightmares
What do diuretics do (simple)?
Make you urinate a lot
What do diuretics do (complex)?
Increase the amount of urine production to help people lose weight quickly (jockeys) or reduce the concentration of another banned substance
What are the side effects of diuretics?
Dehydration
Kidney problems
What do narcotics analgesics do (simple)?
Painkillers
What do narcotics analgesics do (complex)?
They supress pain so athletes can continue training/competing (heroin and morphine)
What are the side effects of narcotics analgesics?
Loss of concentration
Loss of balance
Loss of coordination
Hallucinations
What do peptide hormones do (simple)?
Develop muscles quicker and increase recovery time
What do peptide hormones do (complex)?
They increase red blood cells and get rid of lactic acid quicker so recovery time is quicker and muscle development is increased
What does EPO (ethro protein) do (simple)?
Creates more red blood cells
What does EPO (ethro protein) do (complex)?
Banned process which increases the number of red blood cells
Athletes can train at high altitudes hen have excess frozen and then put back in before event
Increase performance as much as 20%
What are the symptoms of EPO?
Thickens blood so increased risk of heart attacks
What do growth hormones do?
Increase muscle growth (athletes are tested at regular interval for them)
What do stimulants do (simple)?
Increase alert
What do stimulants do (complex)?
Help athletes think and react quicker and overcomes tiredness (and useful in dispersing lactic acid)
What are the side effects of stimulants?
Insomnia
Make you irritable
Increase heart beat
High blood pressure
Addiction
