Respiratory system

Question 1

What are the functions of the respiratory system?

Answer 1

Take in O2 and breathe out CO2

Question 2

How much oxygen do we breathe in?

Answer 2

20%

Question 3

How much oxygen do we breathe out?

Answer 3

16%

Question 4

How much carbon dioxide do we breathe in?

Answer 4

0.04%

Question 5

How much carbon dioxide do we breathe out?

Answer 5

4%

Question 6

How many times a min do we breathe at rest?

Answer 6

14-16 times

Question 7

What is VO2 max?

Answer 7

The amount of oxygen you can take in and use in one minute

Question 8

What is tidal volume?

Answer 8

The amount of air we can breathe in and out in one breath

Question 9

What is vital capacity?

Answer 9

The max amount of air that can be forced out of the lungs after taking in the biggest breath

Question 10

How does increased tidal volume benefit sport perfomance?

Answer 10

A better tidal volume allows you to get rid of CO2 quicker and supply more oxygen to your muscles.

Question 11

What are the components of the respiratory system?

Answer 11

Nasal cavity
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Primary bronchi
Lungs
Diaphragm

Question 12

What happens when we breathe in?

Answer 12

Muscles across ribs contract to pull rib cage upwards (increase chest volume)
Diaphragm contracts
Air is sucked down the windpipe to the lungs

Question 13

What happens when we breathe out?

Answer 13

Muscles across the ribs relax to lower the rib cage (decrease chest volume)
Diaphragm relaxes
Chest has gotten smaller so air is forced out of the lungs

Question 14

What is oxygen debt?

Answer 14

When (working anaerobically) the demand for oxygen exceeds the supply. The only way to repay it is to stop exercising (can cause build up of lactic acid)

Question 15

What is the equation for aerobic respiration?

Answer 15

glucose + oxygen –> energy + co2 + water

Question 16

What happens during aerobic respiration?

Answer 16

Glucose and oxygen are brought to the muscles where respiration takes place and energy is released. Co2 and water are absorbed into the blood and then take away.

Question 17

What is the equation for anaerobic respiration?

Answer 17

glucose –> energy + lactic acid

Question 18

What happens during anaerobic respiration?

Answer 18

Your body does not have enough time to use the oxygen you are taking in so only glucose is used but it will release a toxin called lactic acid (because not enough oxygen is present to turn it into water/co2).

Question 19

What happens in the nasal cavity?

Answer 19

Nostrils contain hair called cilia which moisten and warm the air
The mouth and nostril are separated by the palate (allows you to chew and breathe at the same time)

Question 20

What is the epiglottis?

Answer 20

The epiglottis is a flap at the back of your throat which closes when you swallow to prevent food from entering the trachea

Question 21

What does the pharynx do?

Answer 21

Allows food to go into the oesophagus and air into the larynx

Question 22

What happens in the larynx?

Answer 22

This is where your voice is produced as air passes over your vocal chords

Question 23

What is the trachea?

Answer 23

It is a large tube with rings of cartilage to keep it open and splits off into two bronchi

Question 24

What do the bronchi do?

Answer 24

Branch out and connect to the left an right lungs

Question 25

What do the bronchioles do?

Answer 25

Divide up into smaller air sacs called alveoli

Question 26

What do the alveoli do?

Answer 26

They are surrounded by capillaries which carry oxygen in the blood around the body
Blood releases co2 into the alveoli which is transported out of the body
(Gaseous exchange)