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Spinal Anatomy > Spondylosis, Spondylolysis, Spondylolisthesis > Flashcards

Spondylosis, Spondylolysis, Spondylolisthesis Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of spondylosis?

A

Vertebral condition

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2
Q

What is the definition of spondylolysis?

A

Vertebral separation or vertebral cleavage

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3
Q

What is the definition of spondylolisthesis?

A

Vertebral slippage

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4
Q

What is the current limited definition of spondylosis

A

Vertebral condition that is acquired or age-related

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5
Q

What is the location of spondylolysis that will be stressed in Spinal 2?

A

Separation along the pars interarticularis (defect in the pars interarticularis or pars defect)

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6
Q

What is the incidence of spondylolysis in the general population?

A

Range of 2.6% to 10%

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7
Q

What is the geographic or ethnic bias for a higher incidence of spondylolysis?

A

Native Alaskan (Inuit) population

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8
Q

What does lumbar spondylolysis appear to be related to?

A

Uniquely human upright stance or erect posture

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9
Q

What is the gender bias and locational bias associated with lumbar spondylolysis?

A

Men at L5/S1

Women at L4/L5

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10
Q

Lumbar spondylolysis has not been reported in what groups of individuals?

A 
Fetuses
Newborns
Rarely in children under 5 years old
Patients who have never walked
Non-erect species
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11
Q

Lumbar spondylolysis is associated with what characteristics?

A 
Familial association
Spina bifida occulta
Racial/ethnic disparities
Gender and locational bias
Youthful incidence
Activities requiring repetitive stress on the spine
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12
Q

What is the age range typically associated with lumbar spondylolysis?

A

10-20 years old

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13
Q

What activities are particularly stressful at the pars interarticularis of lumbar vertebrae?

A

Gymnastics
Dance
Soccer

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14
Q

What fills the space in a lumbar spondylolysis?

A

Hyperextension coupled with rotation

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15
Q

What has been given to the material filling the space in a lumbar spondylolysis?

A

Spondylolysis ligament

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16
Q

What types of neural functions have been associated with the spondylolysis ligament?

A

Nociception
Neuromodulation
Autonomic function

17
Q

What is the appearance of the lumbar vertebra upon oblique x-ray view?

A

Scotty dog

18
Q

What is the appearance of a spondylolysis in a lumbar vertebra upon oblique x-ray view?

A

Collared Scotty dog

19
Q

In oblique x-ray, spondylolysis below the superior articular process of a lumbar pars interarticularis is associated with what part of the Scotty dog?

A

Neck of the Scotty dog

20
Q

What part of a lumbar vertebra forms the eye of the Scotty dog?

A

Pedicle

21
Q

What part of a lumbar vertebra forms the ear of the Scotty dog?

A

Superior articular process

22
Q

What part of the lumbar vertebra forms the nose of the Scotty dog?

A

Transverse process

23
Q

What characteristics are associated with cervical spondylolysis?

A

Rare, congenital, gender biased towards men, most common at C6 and linked to spondylolisthesis and spina bifida

24
Q

What characteristics are associated with sacral spondylolysis?

A

Rare in general population
Typical percents in the native Alaskan (Inuit) population
Acquired
Gender biased towards men
Most common at S1
Linked to activities such as kayaking and harpooning

25
Q

What is the incidence of sacral spondylolysis in the general population?

A

Rare

26
Q

Is sacral spondylolysis the result of congenital conditions, acquired conditions or an age-related conditions?

A

Acquired

27
Q

What is the ethnic, gender, and locational bias associated with sacral spondylolysis?

A

Native Alaskan (Inuit) male at S1 level

28
Q

Identify all names given to type III spondylolisthesis?

A

Degenerative spondylolisthesis

29
Q

What is the locational bias of type I spondylolisthesis?

A

L5 or upper sacral segments

30
Q

What additional conditions are linked to type I spondylolisthesis?

A

Spina bifida occulta

Nerve root compression of the S1 nerve

31
Q

Which subtype of type II spondylolisthesis is stressed in Spinal II?

A

Lytic spondylolisthesis or stress fracture induced spondylolisthesis

32
Q

What is the cause most frequently given for type II spondylolisthesis?

A

Microfractures as the result of repetitive stress during hyperflexion and rotation

33
Q

What is the age group typically associated with type II spondylolisthesis?

A

Teenagers or young adults

34
Q

What gender bias, locational bias, ans spinal canal dimensions are associated with type II spondylolisthesis?

A

Isthmic spondylolisthesis is common to men, located at the L5/S1 level and demonstrates an increase in sagittal diameter of the spinal cord

35
Q

What is the gender bias, locational bias, and spinal canal dimension changes often associated with type III spondylolisthesis?

A

Degenerative spondylolisthesis is more common in women, particularly at L4/L5, and demonstrates no change in sagittal diameter of the spinal canal

36
Q

What causes type IV spondylolisthesis

A

Fracture of the neural arch components

37
Q

What are the causes associated with type V spondylolisthesis?

A

Bone diseases such as Paget disease or osteogenesis imperfecta

Spinal Anatomy (19 decks)

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