Spleen and Pancreas Flashcards
what can cause rupture of the spleen?
severe blow on left side that fracture lower ribs, blunt trauma to other regions of abdomen that caused sudden increase in intra-abdominal pressure
what happens if the spleen is ruptured?
intraperitoneal hemorrhage and shock
splenectomy
removal of the spleen
splenomegaly
enlarged liver
what does spleen engorgement sometimes accompany?
high blood pressure
where might one get an accessory spleen?
may develop prenatally near the splenic hilum, partly or wholly embedded in tail of pancreas, b/w layers of gastrosplenic ligament, in infracolic compartment, in mesentery, or near ovary/testis
what is the costodiaphragmatic space clinically important for, in relation to the spleen?
splenic needle biopsy and splenoportography - if material injected here enters pleural cavity, causes pleuritis
splenoportography
inject radiopaque material into the spleen for visualization of the hepatic portal vein
where might a gallstone lodge itself?
in the constricted distal end of the ampulla - blocking both the biliary and pancreatic ducts
if the ampulla of Vater is blocked by a gallstone, where might bile back up to and what does this cause?
back up and enter pancreatic duct -> pancreatitis
pancreatitis
inflammation of the pancreas
what is another cause of bile reflux?
spasms of the hepatopancreatic sphincter
ECRP - endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
standard procedure for diagnosis of both pancreatic and biliary disease - uses fiberoptic endoscope
most common sites for development of ectopic accessory pancreatic tissue
stomach and duodenum - can also be in ileum or an ideal diverticulum
pancreatectomy
removal of most of the pancreas - for treatment of chronic pancreatitis
